Ukushayela faneleki futhi uxhumano imithetho

Ukushintsha supply ukukhanyisa efulethini, endlini noma emgwaqeni kufezwa ngokusebenzisa isithiyo ukukhanya. Lapho amisiwe kahle, izovuleka izibani lapho uthola emnyama futhi off phakathi nosuku. amadivaysi Modern zimumethe izilungiselelo, ngenxa okuyinto ukusebenza lingasethwa ngokuvumelana ukugqama. Bona ziyingxenye ebalulekile salesi simiso "smart indlu", ukuthatha ingxenye enkulu imisebenzi abanikazi. Isikimu Photoelectric ngokuyinhloko yakhiwa Resistor olushintsha ukumelana lapho wadalula ekukhanyeni. Kulula babuthane bese ngokwezifiso yezandla zabo.

Umgomo we operation

Wiring idayagramu for the inzwa Photoelectric kuhlanganisa ukukhanyisa emgwaqweni, amandla actuator. PR1 photoconductor ngokukhanya izinguquko ukumelana. Lokhu kushintsha ubukhulu ezidlulayo i therethrough kagesi lamanje. Isignali is iyakhula Transistor esiyinhlanganisela VT1, VT2 (Darlington wesifunda) kwabe yanikezwa i actuator okuyinto i kagesi edluliselwe K1.

Esikhathini ukumelana emnyama photosensor kuyinto milliohms ambalwa. Ngaphansi umphumela ukukhanya kuyehla kube ohms ambalwa. Lokhu kuvula Transistor VT1, VT2, anabamemezeli K1 edluliselwe, ukulawula umthwalo wesifunda nge contact K1.1. VD1 diode zamanje aluphumeleli self-inductance ka edluliselwe.

Naphezu alula, wesifunda Photoelectric has a sensitivity high. Ukuyibeka ezingeni oyifunayo, usebenzisa Resistor-R1.

Amandla kagesi kuyakhethwa izilungiselelo edluliselwe futhi 5-15 V emazombezombe lwamanje 50 ma. Uma ufuna ukwandisa ke, ungafaka isicelo ngaphezulu amandla transistors futhi udlulisela. Ukuzwela kwama umgoqo ukukhanya kwandisa kanye supply voltage.

Esikhundleni photoresist lingasethwa photodiode. Uma inzwa kudingekile lenyuka ukuzwela wesifunda ukusetshenziswa ne phototransistors. Ukusebenzisa kwabo kuhle ukuze songe ugesi, njengoba umkhawulo ubuncane idivayisi actuation kodokotela 5 LX, lapho izinto eziseduze zisabonakala. IThrojani efaka isimeli seseva 2 oluhambisana LX kuhlwa ezijulile, ngemva kwalokho kwenzeka ngemva kwemizuzu engu-10 ebumnyameni.

Photo uyelulekwa zisebenza ngisho nalapho ukulawula inhlukano ukukhanya, ngoba ungakwazi ukukhohlwa ukucima izibani, kanye inzwa siqu "anakekele 'ke. Kulula ukufaka, futhi intengo ngempela kufinyeleleke.

izici nama-solar

Ukukhetha isithiyo ukukhanya ke kunqunywa lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• nozwela photocell;
• supply voltage;
• ukushintsha umthamo;
• imvelo yangaphandle.

Ukuzwela lubonakala njengosuku ratio photocurrent elakhiwe ubukhulu bale yangaphandle ukukhanya ecucuza futhi ulinganiswa uA / LM. It kuncike imvamisa (Spectral) futhi umfutho ukukhanya (ebalulekile). Ukuze ukukhanyisa control yasendlini isici yokugcina kubalulekile, kuye ecucuza Imininingwane elikhanyayo.

Voltage ukalwe zingatholakala kudivayisi noma idokhumenti elikulesi sihloko. Amadivayisi ukukhiqizwa angaphandle angase abe amazinga ahlukileko voltage.

Amandla izibani, okuyinto ixhunywe isithiyo ukukhanya, kuncike umthwalo oxhumana yakhe. Photoelectric ukukhanyisa isikimu kungabanga usuke ngqo sezibani ngokusebenzisa oxhumana inzwa noma actuators lapho umthwalo likhulu.

Outdoor twilight inkinobho ibekwe ngaphansi uphawu ikhava okusobala. It is bavikelekile umswakama kanye kwezulu. Ngakho, lapho usebenza esikhathini abandayo Ukushisa sisetshenziswa.

amamodeli prefabricated

Ngaphambili, isikimu Photoelectric uya yezandla zabo. Manje lokhu akudingekile, njengoba imishini yobuchwepheshe iye yaba eshibhile, futhi lanwetshwa ukusebenza. Zisetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ukukhanyisa kwangaphakathi noma nabangaphandle, kodwa nezalo ukulawula ngenkasa, ukupholisa uhlelo nabanye.

1. Photo FR-2

Amamodeli we prefabrication kabanzi kumadivayisi ezishintshayo, ngokwesibonelo, ukulawula ukukhanyisa emgwaqweni. Ngokuvamile, uyakwazi ukubona izibani evutha emini, okuyinto ukhohlwe ukuvala. Ephambi kwezinduna photocells asikho isidingo sokuba manual ukulawula ukukhanya.

Isikimu Photoelectric fr-2 yokukhiqiza ezimbonini isetshenziselwa ukuzilawula ngokuzenzekelayo ukukhanyisa emgwaqweni. Kukhona kudivayisi usuke is a K1 edluliselwe. Ukuze kumila Transistor VT1 exhunywe photoresistor CSF G1 nge resistors-R4 R5.

Inikwe amandla yi-single-esigabeni 220 V. Lapho illuminance lincane, G1 ukumelana CSF likhulu futhi ngesisekelo isignali VT1 alwanele ngoba wokuvula yayo. Ngakho avaliwe futhi Transistor VT2. I K1 edluliselwe sivuliwe, noxhumana nabo yayo zokusebenza zivaliwe, ukusekela ukushiswa okukhanyisa isibani.

Lapho illuminance kwandisa ukuba impendulo umbundu, encishisiwe ukungawi photoresistor futhi ivula inkinobho Transistor, bese icishe K1 edluliselwe, ukuvula izibani wesifunda amandla.

2. Izinhlobo faneleki

Kukhethwa onobuhle inkulu ngokwanele ukuba akwazi ukukhetha kwesokudla:

• nge inzwa elicezile ngaphandle ebiyelwe yomkhiqizo, okuyinto asonga 2 izintambo;
• Suite 2 - nedivaysi enokwethenjelwa futhi izinga ezingeni;
• Photoelectric nge 12 V nomthwalo akazidluli 10;
• module ne timer, ogibele Din wesitimela;
• IEK kudivayisi nomkhiqizi basekhaya izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu nokusebenza;
• AZ 112 - umshini ngozwelo eliphezulu;
• ABB, LPx - abakhiqizi okunokwethenjelwa amadivayisi izinga European.

Izindlela yokuxhuma isithiyo ukukhanya

Ngaphambi inzwa yokufuna ukubala amandla ukusetshenziswa nezibani nezindlawu ukuthatha isitokwe ka 20%. Lapho enkulu umthwalo emgwaqweni Photoelectric isikimu inikeza ukufakwa ezengeziwe we contactor kagesi, emazombezombe okufanele zifakwe ngokusebenzisa oxhumana Photoelectric, amandla oxhumana nabo kanye umthwalo inkinobho.

Ezezindlu le ndlela kuyaqabukela esetshenziswa.

Ngaphambi kokufaka amapayipi ihlolwe voltage ~ 220 V Uxhumano esenziwe full wesifunda. I photosensor ibekwe ukuze ukukhanya ukukhanya ehlela phezu kwalo.

Okwasetshenziswa ezikhumulweni ngoba wiring, okwenza ukufakwa kulula. Uma zingekho, sebenzisa okuhlangana ibhokisi.

Through isicelo of microprocessors Photoelectric wiring idayagramu nezinye izakhi atholwe imisebenzi emisha. Kulandzelana kwalokucuketfwe lokuhleliwe izenzo ezenziwe timer kanye motion inzwa.

Ihlangene, lapho izibani ayavulwa ngokuzenzakalela uma wedlula lokubikezela womuntu noma engadini endleleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kwenzeka kuphela ebusuku. Through isicelo timer Photoelectric akasabeli izibani of izimoto ezidlulayo.

Easy uxhumano timer wesifunda inzwa motion - serial. Ukuze onobuhle ezibizayo izifunda ekhethekile ehlelwe zenzelwe kucatshangelwa izimo zokusebenza ezahlukene.

Photo ukukhanyisa emgwaqweni

Ukuze uxhume wesifunda Photoelectric lisetshenzisiwe bezinhlamvu. Kungatholakala kubhalwe kumadokhumenti idivayisi.

Kusukela ithuluzi ngaphandle izintambo ezintathu.

1. Zero umqhubi - ezivamile kuya nezibani isithiyo ukukhanya (obomvu).
2. Isigaba - exhunywe kwi input idivayisi (brown).
3. A ezingaba umqhubi sokusebenzisa zinamandla kusukela isithiyo ukukhanya ukukhanya (blue).

Idivayisi usebenza isimiso ukuphazamiseka noma ukufakwa esigabeni. Umbala esephepheni abakhiqizi ezahlukene ingehluka. Uma kukhona umbhidisi "umhlaba" kunethiwekhi, kudivayisi ayixhunyiwe.

Ngo onobuhle inzwa luhlanganise itholakala ngaphakathi izindlu esobala, ukukhanyisa emgwaqweni msebenzi ezizimele. Ukuze kubalulekile kuphela ukuze asondle.

Ukuhluka nokukhishwa inzwa eyasetshenziswa endabeni lapho ukugxusha electronic ukukhanya isithiyo esemgwaqweni ekamelweni control namanye amadivayisi. Khona-ke asikho isidingo ngoba ukufakwa azimele wodwa, edonsa amandla Izintambo zikagesi ezisobala kanye nokugcinwa ezindaweni eziphakeme. Iyunithi electronic ufakwa ekamelweni, futhi inzwa ithathwa ngaphandle.

Izici isithiyo ukukhanya okukhanya emgwaqweni: isikimu

Lapho ufaka isithiyo ukukhanya emgwaqweni kufanele acabangele izici ezithile.

1. Ukuba khona voltage ukunikezela 220 V kanye namaphesenti ahambisana amandla oxhumana nabo kanye umthwalo.
2. Musa ukufaka imishini eduze izinto ezingase zibambe umlilo futhi ezindaweni nobutha.
3. I base unit ibekwe ezansi.
4. Ngaphambi inzwa akufanele kube izinto liyaphambuka, ezifana emagatsheni ezihlahla.

Wiring kwenziwa nge lebhokisi lokuxhuma izintambo ngoba emgwaqweni. It is kuvikelwe eduze isithiyo ukukhanya.

Kukhethwa faneleki

1. I nokulungiseka ivumela embundwini kuncike ukulungiswa isikhathi, nozwela inzwa noma sezulu esinamafu. Umphumela amandla imali.
2. Linanincane zomsebenzi adingekayo ukufakwa nge inzwa okuhlangene Photoelectric. Akudingi amakhono akhethekile.
3. Edluliselwe Isikhathi kahle zahlelwa nezidingo zabo kanye nomsebenzi ngaleso isimo izinze. Ungakwazi lilungiselele idivayisi ukuze uvale ebusuku. Okubonisa ku unit and push-inkinobho izilawuli zenza kube lula ukwenza izinguquko.

isiphetho

Ukusetshenziswa isithiyo ukukhanya kungaba ngokuzenzakalelayo ukulawula izibani kusebenze kwesikhathi. Manje akusadingeki kule mkhakha Lamplighter. Ukushayela ukukhanya isithiyo ngaphandle kokuqondiswa umuntu e izibani ebusuku ukukhanya lapho sihamba emigwaqweni nalapho off ke ekuseni. Idivayisi ungalawula uhlelo ukukhanyisa, okhulisa impilo inkonzo yayo nakho kwenza ukusebenza kube lula.