Ukumiswa kwenethiwekhi, Windows XP, Windows 7. VirtualBox Ubuntu: VirtualBox ukumiswa kwenethiwekhi

abasebenzisi PC angasebenzisa emsebenzini wabo izinhlobo ezahlukene wokusebenza. Ngesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka, ngesikhathi omunye OS, sebenzisa eminye imisebenzi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuba engathandeki ukuqalisa phansi. Kukhona isixazululo enkulu - ". Imishini virtual" Phakathi edume kakhulu emhlabeni IT-emakethe - VirtualBox. Yiziphi izici zalo? Kanjani wena kudingeka ukuba usebenzise VirtualBox isethaphu inethiwekhi?

Kuyini VirtualBox

VirtualBox - kuba, njengoba sibonile ngenhla, "umshini we-virtual." Ngamanye amazwi, kuba isofthiwe imvelo evumela ukuthi wena ukulanda mode sesizogcwala noma ukuthi yesistimu yokusebenza ngesikhathi indawo yomsebenzisi ehlukile yesistimu yokusebenza esibonakalayo.

Okungukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, uma umuntu usebenza Windows, kungaba, sisebenzisa VirtualBox, qala (kanti ngaphambi kwalokho - ukufaka) kwi-PC Linux ngaphandle Iqalisa. I Umbuso indawo esisebenzayo yalesi umsebenzi kungenzeka, isibonelo, ukuthi uma usebenza nge izinhlelo Windows-based, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele imisebenzi iseva OS Linux umugqa, nakho ezimweni eziningi Irreplaceable. Kungenzeka, ngasendleleni, kanye nenqubo reverse.

Igama eligcwele "umshini we-virtual" okukhulunywa - Oracle VM VirtualBox, ngoba uye wazakhela owaziwa corporation American. Cabangela izici eziyinhloko ikhambi kusuka Oracle.

Izici VirtualBox

VirtualBox hlelo - nezixazululo omkhulu okunye ezifana, isibonelo, Wine, ukusetshenziswa emacaleni lapho Abasebenzisi be-Linux ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-Windows. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukusebenza Iwayini akuqinisekisi ukwethulwa ngempumelelo isofthiwe, esekelwe-Windows. Futhi, "umshini we-virtual" ikuvumela ukulayisha ezifanele yesistimu yokusebenza interface-Microsoft futhi uzisebenzise ne cishe ngokusebenza okufanayo lapho ehlukile ukulayisha Windows.

Ngakho, lapho esebenzelana ukuphathwa imisebenzi nge amanethiwekhi computer amathuba anjalo athandwa kakhulu. Okubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa ukuzibandakanya ngokugcwele Windows noma i-Linux wokwakha ngokusebenzisa VirtualBox - ukumisa inethiwekhi ngokuhambisana algorithm efanele.

Imigomo yokusetshenziswa

Phakathi izinzuzo main of VirtualBox - mahhala. Kulokhu, isinqumo itholakala inguqulo eyodwa eqinisweni, kodwa ngoba, njengoba bezazi kahle butholakala enqubweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuthela isebenza nabo, ungakwazi ukuyisebenzisa kamuva ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuthi umqambi izokhipha esibonakalayo entsha ngokuphelele akukho izinkinga. ,, Naka kodvwa kutsi Oracle inkampani idale iphakethe esengeziwe "ewumshini» - Expension Pack, lapho isakhiwo kuhlanganisa izixazululo ezifana isb zomxhaso-iseva, ngawo ukuxhuma kwi-umshini we-virtual kude uhlobo ehlukene olandelwayo. iphakethe ezithuthukisiwe VirtualBox ngezinhloso siqu - okungukuthi, kuncike ukusetshenziswa ezingezona ezentengiselwano - kuza abathanda ewusizo khulula IT-izixazululo.

amathuba

Yiziphi izici eziphawulekayo kakhulu zohlelo VirtualBox?

Ngaphezu kwakho konke, lolu hlobo wekhasi x86 amapulatifomu - asikho isidingo ukusekela Intel VT futhi AMD-V.

Uhlelo libhekene interface yomsebenzisi-friendly enembile. isiRashiya busekelwa e VirtualBox. Lungiselela inethiwekhi kanye nekhambi nezinye izinkinga, kanjalo kuyokwenza kube lula ukuthi abasebenzisi Russian.

VirtualBox - isixazululo cross-platform. Kuyinto efanelekile-Windows, i-Linux, i-Mac OS.

Kukhona usekelo izilimi nge cores amaningi, kanye kumakhompyutha engaphezu kweyodwa chips okuhambisanayo.

Kukhona lezivakashi VM Okwengeziwe, nokwandisa ukuxhumana ne uhlelo lokusebenza, esekelwe okuyinto uhlelo iyasebenza.

Ukusebenza kwe-umshini we-virtual, njengoba abaningi IT-ongoti - ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu.

Phakathi imisebenzi ebalulekile emsebenzini ukulungiselela nge VirtualBox - ukumisa inethiwekhi. Cabanga umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama yayo eyinhloko izixazululo zayo.

Ukufaka Machine Virtual

Ngakho, sizoba virtual ukucushwa umshini wenethiwekhi VirtualBox. Ake sihlole ezicashile ayisihluthulelo ukufakwa yayo kukhompyutha yomsebenzisi, kanye algorithm ukumisa eziyisisekelo izinyathelo isofthiwe. Okokuqala udinga ukulanda iphakheji zokusabalalisa virtualbox.org indawo bese ufake isixazululo ku-PC. Yini ingase ezicashile ephelezelwa isinqumo yale nkinga? Ngokwesibonelo, kufanele uqinisekise ukufakwa kokusetshenziswa kubonwa virtual liyadingeka usebenze inethiwekhi. Kulokhu, uxhumano langempela kungenzeka okwesikhashana ingasebenzi.

Ukhiye izilungiselelo ewumshini

Khona-ke ukusebenzisa lolu hlelo. In the main esibonakalayo iwindi izoveza uhlu imishini virtual ingaqalisa ku-PC. Lapho uqalisa sokuqala ngqá hlelo, cishe lingabi nalutho. Ngakho-ke, ewumshini Umsebenzisi uzodinga ukuba badale owabo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, cindezela inkinobho ohambelana, ngemva - khetha uhlobo ewumshini kanye negama layo. OS ukuthi abasebenzisi abaningi bakhetha ukugqoka VirtualBox, - Ubuntu. Ukubeka up inethiwekhi nalo Kwenziwa umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ngokwanele ngokushesha isikhonzi kulula master.

Ngemuva kokuthi ukhethe uhlobo virtual izilungiselelo umshini, kuzomele ucacise kangakanani RAM bazokwazi ukusebenzisa lolu hlelo. Inani ezinconyiwe - 1 GB. Ngemva kwalokho kudingeka ukwakha sediski virtual - lokhu kwenziwa drive sekhompyutha kanzima. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukucacisa kuzilungiselelo ezizosetshenziselwa loluhlobo lwefayela njengoba VDI. Futhi inothi ohlelweni, disc kuyoba ashukumisayo. Emva ucacise ubukhulu hard drive, isibonelo, 8 GB (ukusebenzisa "imishini virtual" awudingi isikhala esiningi).

Cabanga indlela wamisa "umshini we-virtual" kusukela Oracle. It kungenziwa run ekusebenzisaneni cishe kunoma iyiphi inguqulo ye-Windows, kuhlanganise ezivamile emhlabeni - i-Windows 7.

Main ahlukanisa izilungiselelo VirtualBox e-Windows 7

Ngokufaka lolu hlelo, ezifana Windows 7, uzodinga tune ezinye izici zayo eziyinhloko. Iwindi eyinhloko VirtualBox esibonakalayo, cindezela inkinobho yegundane kwesokudla ukwakha "umshini we-virtual" bese ukhetha "Properties" okukhethwa kukho. Iphuzu eliyinhloko ukuthi sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo esibonakalayo okuhambisanayo, - uhlobo sesikhashana phakathi izinhlelo ezimbili: isisekelo futhi isivakashi. Ilungiselelo Itholakala "Okujwayelekile" ithebhu. Kungcono ukutshela uhlelo ofuna ukusebenzisa sesikhashana bidirectional.

Kuyasiza ukuba ukhethe into yemenyu "Ifayela" ke - yiya engxenyeni ethi "Izilungiselelo". Esikhathini "Okujwayelekile" khetha uhlu "ifolda ngemishini." Phawula ukhetho "Okunye" futhi ucacise ifolda lapho uzobe akhiwe isengezo amafayela umshini. Esikhathini "Enter" kungenziwa amisiwe ngayo nefunda ngayo okokufaka idatha kusuka ikhibhodi igundane zokukhwabanisa by kabusha ewumshini interface. Kungenzeka futhi ukuba bafeze isibonisi setting - ngokwesibonelo, ngokulandela esiphezulu isinqumo kwesikrini.

Qalisa VirtualBox bese ufake uhlelo lokusebenza yesibili

Uma izilungiselelo eziyisisekelo zenziwa, ungaqalisa "umshini we-virtual." Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha igama layo ohlwini kwimenyu enkulu bese uchofoze inkinobho "Qala". Uyobe isikhombi ngawo ungakwazi ukufaka uhlelo lokusebenza oyifunayo. ukusatshalaliswa Its, Ngakho-ke, ukuba balungele - ngokwesibonelo, ukuze ngishise CD noma disc DVD-Video. Uma OS ifakiwe, singakwazi badlulele esiteji, njengoba ngokushesha ukubeka VirtualBox zenethiwekhi.

Ukumisa Inethiwekhi: ongakhetha ukhiye

Kumele ukhethe uhlobo virtual yesistimu yokusebenza bese uchofoza "Lungiselela". Ngemva kwalokho, yana kwi-tab "Okujwayelekile". "Inethiwekhi" kwesigaba lapha sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo. Kufanele ukhethe uhlobo uxhumano, efana ebhulohweni. Uveza ukuthi phakathi NIC PC kanye ewumshini uzobe akha iwumzila umthombo ohambelana wamanje yesistimu yokusebenza ingasetshenziswa kweminye yesistimu yokusebenza. Qaphela ukuthi kule "Amafolda Wabelane" zingalawulwa by izakhi abafanele ukugcina amafayela ezivela inqubo yokuxhumana phakathi ye-PC kanye ewumshini.

Ukubeka up inethiwekhi "virtual" Ubuntu OS

Njengoba siphawulile ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, imvelo elilungile virtual usebenzisa VirtualBox - Ubuntu. isethaphu kwenethiwekhi ngokwenza ezisebenza ohlelweni lokusebenza ezingase zithathwe ngaphakathi algorithm elilandelayo. Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukuba ukulanda omunye izinguqulo OS, okungcono aguqulelwe ngenhloso yokuxazulula inkinga umbuzo. Udinga ukuya releases.ubuntu.com indawo, bese ukhetha inguqulo 14,04 LTS. Ngemva kwalokho kufanele ukulanda OSes ISO-sithombe. Uma umsebenzisi has a PC-64-bit, uzodinga inguqulo ye-Ubuntu inhlobo efanele. Ngemva kwalokho, usebenzisa VirtualBox esibonakalayo, uqala OS yokufaka (ngenhla, sesibonile ukuthi kusebenza kanjani lokho). Ngemva kokufaka i-Ubuntu «virtual" phenya izigaba eziyinhloko nenqubo efana ukubeka inethiwekhi VirtualBox. Windows 7 lungasetshenziswa ukuxazulula le nkinga.

Singasebenzisa kude iseva ukumisa iskripthi ngokusebenzisa iphrothokholi ssh - eqinisweni, ukusebenzisa leli thuba, sesisitholile "umshini we-virtual." Phakathi amathuluzi awusizo kakhulu ngokusebenzisana ssh-Windows - Uhlelo Putty. Kuyadingeka ukulanda indawo putty.org. Kodwa kungakenzeki lokho, kumelwe kahle ufake Ubuntu - lo msebenzi kuhambisana ezinye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama. Ake sihlole kubo.

Izici ukufakwa OS ku ewumshini

Ekuqaleni ukufakwa Ubuntu uhlelo uzokubuza wayefisa ukulungiselelwa kolimi. Ngemva kokungena kwawo uzoqala ukufakwa kwezingxenye ezengeziwe. Phakathi ukufakwa ohlelweni OS ingazama kunethiwekhi ukumisa nge-DHCP, kodwa kufanele kuphela uma kukhona lolu hlobo server inethiwekhi kwenziwe. Uma kungenjalo, umsebenzisi uzokwaziswa ukusetha izilungiselelo ezifanele ngesandla. Kodwa ngalesi sigaba yokumiswa ukukwenza akudingekile - ungeqa lesi sinyathelo.

Phakathi izici ezibalulekile kithi - ke igama ikhompyutha. Kungase kuzwakale sengathi lokhu: computer227.computer227network.com. Yiqiniso, hhayi ikheli kwi-inthanethi, kodwa kuphela kudingekile inethiwekhi ungubani PC. Okulandelayo, udinga ukusetha i-akhawunti yomsebenzisi. Kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi isiteketiso ngeke asebenzise igama admin - iyona ngqo wesistimu yokusebenza Ubuntu (kugcinelwe ohlelweni). Kungenzeka ukuba ukhethe inketho userhost, isibonelo. Iphasiwedi - ubani kuyakuza umnikazi PC Ukugunda.

Okulandelayo Ubuntu ukufakwa isigaba - isikhathi izilungiselelo yeskhati. Kuyinto efiselekayo ucacise langempela.

Okulandelayo, kumele ucacise izilinganiso idrayivu kanzima. Lezi ongakhetha zincike netinsita letikhona umsebenzisi, kanye ukusatshalaliswa isikhala kwi-hard drive yakho.

Emva kokuhlela a idrayivu kanzima uzoqala kulayishwa amafayela core. Ngemva kokuqedwa kwalo uhlelo izonikela afeze ukucushwa kwe iphakethe iyafaneleka - kodwa lokhu kubalulekile kuphela uma umsebenzisi ufuna ukufaka seseva. Siyavumelana ukuthi ngeke alusebenzise uma ekhuluma namalungu kwenethiwekhi, ngakho-ke lesi sinyathelo ukumisa kungenziwa kweqiwe.

Okulandelayo, uhlelo uzokubuza ukuthi ukufaka kudingekile okuzenzekalayo. Abaningi IT-ongoti ukungatholi ukwenza le nqubo, njengoba kulokhu kungenzeka ukulawula ngokugcwele izinqubo egijima uhlelo lokusebenza. Kwabe sekuthi ngo-interface kufanele kuphawulwe OpenSSH njengoba uhlobo isofthiwe.

Esikhathini esizayo, inqubo kokufaka Ubuntu uhlelo uzokubuza ukuthi ukufaka endaweni ohambelana kudiski umhlakanya ebhuthini. Ngemva uhlelo lokusebenza efakwe ngokuphelele, kudingeka uqale kabusha PC.

ongakhetha Basic Networking

Isiwombe sesibili umsebenzi nge VM VirtualBox - ukumisa inethiwekhi nge-Ubuntu OS interface. Kufanele ungene ohlelweni lokusebenza, faka igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi ukuthi kuchazwa izinhlelo ngesikhathi sokufakela.

Ukulandela izinyathelo ezidingekayo - ukuthola amalungelo ukufinyelela izimpande ezingeni, okungukuthi umsebenzisi impande. Kudingekile kusebenze inketho ehambisana.

Lokhu kungenziwa ngokufaka umyalo: sudo su. Enye - ukungena umugqa wemiyalo iphasiwedi sudo passwd impande. Empeleni, kungcono izilungiselelo eziyisisekelo kulesigaba Lesiphakeme. Ungalanda uhlelo Putty futhi agijime kwi-Ubuntu OS iseva nge ewumshini.

Ezicashile izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi

Yiziphi ezicashile ukusebenza Oracle VirtualBox? isethaphu kwenethiwekhi kunganikela zidinge ukuba umuntu ashintshe isibalo ezinye izinketho. Kuyini lokhu?

Ngokwesibonelo, kungase kudingeke ukuba ulungiselele iseva ngokuya ekubeka kwi unomphela IP-ikheli. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kumele wenza izinguquko ezifanele kule / njll / inethiwekhi / interface. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo: nano / njll / inethiwekhi / interface. Ungabese kabusha inethiwekhi nge umyalo olandelayo: /etc/init.d/networking ukuqalisa phansi.

Khona-ke kudingeke benze ukulungisa ku / etc / Sebawoti esifanele nano umyalo. Kusemqoka ukuthi izilungiselelo ezilandelayo zikhona isakhiwo ifayela:

- 127.0.0.1 - ukuze localhost;

- 192.168.0.1 (uma IP-ikheli sekhompyutha kunethiwekhi lwasendaweni luhlukile kusukela ecacisiwe, bhala ngakwesokudla) ukuze ikheli leseva kushiwo lapha ngenhla, ie computer277.computer277network.com computer277.

Okulandelayo udinga ukufaka umyalo echo computer277.computer277network.com> / njll / lomethuleli ke /etc/init.d/hostname ukuqalisa phansi. Ngemva kwalokho, singena lomethuleli, lomethuleli-f. Esikrinini kufanele ubone ikheli leseva.

Okulandelayo udinga ukuvumelanisa iwashi, egijima ohlelweni, kanye iseva isikhathi kwi-Internet. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka umugqa wemiyalo efaneleka-uthole ufake NTP update. Lokhu kuphetha ukumisa. Ngemva kwalokho ungasebenzisa ngokugcwele Oracle VM VirtualBox. isethaphu Network ilula ngokwanele. ukusetshenziswa ezalandela Ubuntu usebenzisa "umshini we-virtual" kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ngokushaya isethi yasakazwa kungenzeka leseva yesistimu yokusebenza imisebenzi.

ithuluzi multi-purpose: okusebenza e-Windows XP

Ingabe umshini we-virtual kusuka Oracle endaweni izinguqulo kuqhathaniswa amadala akwa-Windows, ezifana, XP? Yebo, libalulekile. Ngokuhambisana algorithm kubhekwe, ungalungiselela nezinye wokusebenza usebenzisa VirtualBox. Ilungiselela inethiwekhi Windows XP, yebo, kuyoba izindlela kuyiwa. Ikakhulukazi, umugqa wemiyalo njengoba e-Ubuntu, ngeke ivuswe ngokuhamba inqubo.

Nokho, i-Windows XP has uqondakala kahle, ngisho i umsebenzisi ongenalwazi elawula LAN, kanye nomsebenzi nabo akufanele ephelezelwa nobunzima ezingokoqobo futhi ukwehluleka.

Yiqiniso, ngaphezu noBuntu, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenzisa kusukela Linux umugqa iyahambisana ubuchule ka "umshini we-virtual." Phakathi kwaleyo engase ephelele ukusetshenziswa ne VirtualBox, - CentOS. isethaphu inethiwekhi kulesi ukusatshalaliswa Linux kuyoba ngokohlelo lweSitatimende algorithm, sekukonke ezifanayo nalezo sasivame ukusebenza Ubuntu.