Ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali kwegazi. ALT AST: ukusebenza kulungiswa

Alanine, noma u-ALT aspartate aminotransferase, noma AST, kukhona ama-enzyme, okuyinto equkethwe asemangqamuzaneni omzimba, futhi bahileleke acid acid umzimba. Basuke etholakala kuphela amaseli isitho ezicutshini futhi igazi ufake amaseli kwenzeka kuphela uma siqale ukubola ku ukulimala kuhlasimulise noma pathologies.

zezifo

amazinga ngokweqile ALT ikhombisa ukuthuthukiswa isitho pathologies kumaseli okuyinto khona kuba inani elikhulu. Zikhona izizathu nesanda alanine aminotransferase isibindi egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Ukungakhululeki kanye nobuhlungu ilungelo quadrant engenhla, uhudo, staining icteric kwesikhumba futhi nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, ukubuyisa, belching okumunyu - lezi izimpawu ukwanda ALT. Lapho efeza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze ALT anda AST ijoyina aphakeme amazinga bilirubin, lapho kukhona ukuthuthukiswa zokusha kwesibindi. Ngokuvamile nesanda ALT kubonisa ukuvela ezinye izifo. ALT lokuhlushwa kuyinto encike ngqo kwi degree of isifo zaba namandla kakhulu.

inqubo Necrotic ezicutshini inhliziyo egazini icuphe ukukhululwa kwe la ma-enzyme. Ukwandiswa serum yabo futhi ukhuluma mayelana nokuthuthukiswa nezinye kardiopatology: ukwehluleka, ukuvuvukala imisipha yenhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba izizathu ukwanda serum ALT lokuhlala ekhona ukulimala emzimbeni okuyizinto ezihlobene ukulimala kwemisipha izicubu, futhi pancreatitis.

ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali kwegazi ALT AST kungase kubonise isifo sesibindi, amanyikwe, inhliziyo. Lapho kardioinfarkte AST lokuhlushwa kwandisa izikhathi eziningana, no-ALT - kancane.

izinkomba ngoba

Izinhlaka umzimba womuntu aqukethe amanani angalingani enzyme ALT AST, ngakho okwandisa lokuhlushwa enzyme ethile ibonisa isitho izilonda ethize:

• ALT ikakhulukazi etholakala kwesibindi, inhliziyo, izinso kanye pancreatic amaseli. Endabeni ukubhujiswa lezi zindikimba egazini ikhishwe eziningi ALT. Khona-ke, ukuze uqinisekise uphethwe kudingeka sitadishe ngosizo ke ku aminotransferase alanine.

• AST zitholakala ngokuyinhloko e amangqamuzana ezinzwa, imisipha, isibindi kanye inhliziyo, futhi ingxenye encane kumaseli kwamanyikwe, wamaphaphu izinso kwezicubu. Ngakho-ke, kulolu cwaningo uma ku aminotransferase aspartate.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ALT AST (okulotshiweyo) ikhombisa zombuso. Ukwanda ubufakazi babo umonakalo izicubu izitho lapho la ma-enzyme zitholakala. Futhi, ngokufanele, encishisiwe ubufakazi zokuphulukisa. A ukwanda kancane ALT e senyanga yokuqala zokukhulelwa, kuvunyelwe, kodwa kumele kabusha sihlole aminotransferase igazi, ukugwema ukulimala kwesibindi.

Kwamakhemikhali ukuhlaziywa wegazi (izinkomba of ALT, AST) inikezwa lapho kardioinfarkt umsolwa, zingabantu Isiboniso ekuqaleni ngalesi sifo ezibucayi. Incazelo AST ngesikhathi ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuxilonga kanye ukuqapha nezinye izinguquko Dynamics of the senhliziyo esilimele, izifo zesibindi nezifo ezicutshini striated.

Ukulungiselela ukuqoqa igazi isifundo

Igazi for biochemistry ukuhlaziywa ethathwa umthambo ekuseni esiswini esingenalutho. Ngesikhathi yokuhlaziya okufanele uhambe 8:00. kusukela ukusetshenziswa lokugcina nokudla. Yamahora angu-24. ukuba igazi amasampuli akuvunyelwe utshwala ethosiwe kanye nokudla okunamafutha. Kunconywa ukunciphisa fiznagruzki. Ngokushesha ngemva ultrasound,-X-ray, cwaningo fluorography, colonoscopy noma Physiotherapy igazi is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba ukhethe ukuze uthole ukuhlaziya, kungenjalo ngeke uhlanekezelwe okulotshiweyo oyisazi samakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo. Kwaphela amasonto 1-2. izifundo kwamakhemikhali kudingeka ayeke ukuthatha imithi. Lapho akunakwenzeka ukuhlangabezana nalesi simo, ku kokuqondisa kukadokotela ngenxa ukuhlaziywa, inothi yokwamukela izidakamizwa kanye umthamo wabo. On the kwamakhemikhali ukuhlaziywa wegazi (ngokulotshiweyo ALT, AST) zingathonywa yilabo fiznagruzki esindayo, kanye nokuphuza utshwala futhi ubambe hemolysis.

Efunda okwakubhalwe kulowo mbhalo ukuhlolwa kwegazi - ALT, AST: kuyinsakavukela

Yini eziningi la ma-enzyme kufanele igcinwe endaweni yegazi yomuntu ephile? Ukudweba igazi yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali (okulotshiweyo ALT, AST), izinga abesifazane - ezisukela amayunithi 31 kuya 35 ilitha legazi ngalinye. Ukuze wobulili namandla, lesi sibalo kancane ezahlukene. ALT Jwayelekile egazini amadoda (Biochemistry emagama) - kusukela 41 kuya 50 U / L. Ngo izinsana (kufika ku 1 inyanga.) Ivumelana No- ukufunda evamile amayunithi 75, kusukela 2 izinyanga ezingu-12. - eminyakeni engu-60 amayunithi, futhi kusukela ngonyaka owodwa futhi kuze kufinyelele 14 - esingaphansi amayunithi 45. Igazi ukuhlaziywa (kulungiswa ALT, AST) usenze okusezingeni eliphezulu kungase kubonise ukulimala cirrhotic noma sibi isibindi ukuvuvukala, jaundice congestive noma hemolytic, nezinye isifo sesibindi (futhi neoplasms r. H), angina e kokuquleka esiteji, acute rheumatism carditis, myopathy, Bile stasis , isifo thromboembolic embolism yamaphaphu futhi pancreatitis oyingozi. ALT AST ukuhlolwa kwegazi (emagama) ne okwandisa izinkomba ebonwe ukulimala esibuhlungu, ukuhlinzwa inhliziyo noma angiokardiografii. Ukwandiswa AST izinga izikhathi 20-50 kwezinye izimo, ubufakazi isifo sesibindi, ephelezelwa necrosis, kwesibindi omsakazo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Amazinga aphakeme AST izikhathi 2-5 Ungakwazi ukuxoxa nge izifo hemolysis, imisipha ukuhlukumezeka, pancreatitis acute nezilonda ezingapholi. Lapho imihlola esiwohlozayo e kwemisipha dermatomyositis baphawula ukwanda 8-ngeshumi UMTHETHO.

Coefficient Rytis

Ukuze uthole ukuhlaziya olunembile izimpendulo wegazi ALT AST (emagama) ubonisa ubuhlobo izinkomba transferases. Lokhu kuqhathaniswa libonisa Coefficient de Ritis kwenziwe ngolimi olulodwa serum cwaningo. Uma inombolo engenhla kuyinsakavukela (N = 1,3), kubonisa khona kardioinfarkta, futhi uma ngezansi izinkomba ejwayelekile - ngokusha kwesibindi ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Njengoba aminotransferases babe nezicubu kwasendaweni, ukuhlaziya igazi libonisa emagama AST esivimba amanzi zokugula no-ALT - isibindi zokugula, isb khona doti yeselula:

• Lapho kukhona ngokweqile izikhathi 2 noma ngaphezulu, enhliziyweni sokunquma ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ALT AST (okulotshiweyo) yabonisa ngokweqile abalulekile - kuwubufakazi kwesibindi ezithathelwanayo esikhathini bayashintshana ekufukameleni.

• Ngokunciphisa izinkomba aminotransferase - yokuntuleka umzimba ukuba pyridoxine. Kukhona kudingeka sokukhulelwa difdiagnostiki.

amaqhinga

Ngokuvamile, in the serum transferase khona imiqulu encane. Zonke izinketho ukuze ngithuthukise indlela aminotransferase saziso ibhekane uphenyo.

Ukuqala ukuhlaziya yesibili kwamakhemikhali kwegazi (ngokulotshiweyo ALT, AST) okufanele iqhutshwe ngayo. Phinda kakhulu ukuhlola ezinye izici ngamunye (onikelayo) mayelana ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu izimo ezibonisa amazinga evamile.

Okulandelayo udinga ukuqoqa ngokucophelela umlando nokuziphatha ukuhlolisisa egcwele.

Indima umlando lapho befeza ukuqaqwa

umlando Odlule kuhlanganisa ulwazi mayelana reception kwemithi, ukumpontshelwa igazi, khona-jaundice noma ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo syndrome, izifo ngofuzo kwesibindi noma khona inqubo cirrhotic kulo besisu ubuhlungu, umdlavuza, isifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, okusheshayo kwesisindo.

isifo sesibindi Family - kuyinto utshwala, isifo Wilson , nabanye.

Uma u-ALT test AST igazi (okulotshiweyo) yabonisa ngenhla amagugu evamile ezikhathini esingaphansi kwezinsuku ezimbili, kubalulekile ukuhlela kokuqondisa kanye nokuhlolwa 2-emhlanjini. Leli qhinga kuyinto kwemisebenzi yoMnyango iziguli.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ALT AST - okulotshiweyo kwezinye izifo

Ukwanda okuncane lipid transferases eyabonisa nonalcoholic isibindi ukulimala uhlobo, okuhlanganisa "okunamafutha isibindi", steatogepatoz nonalcoholic, isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo viral efomini ezingamahlalakhona.

ukwanda Lokulingene kungenzeka akhona viral noma wotshwala isibindi ukuvuvukala ahlukahlukene isifo sesibindi esingelapheki kubantu noma ngaphandle umonakalo cirrhotic ke.

amazinga ephakeme ejwayelekile ye-acute ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo ezinzima, ezinobuthi noma izidakamizwa necrosis, ukushaqeka noma ischemia hepatic.

Ngokusobala amazinga aphezulu (ngaphezu kuka 2,000-3,000 U / L) ikhona overdosing acetaminophen nokusebenzisa izindlela ezigulini utshwala ancike usashaqekile / noma ischemia hepatic.

Kufanele kuqashelwe, ngoba ALT uku abomvu egazi, ezidingekile ukuze uvimbele wokugoqa ukulungiswa serum ahlolwe. ALT kungancipha uma egcinwe serum kwaphela izinsuku eziningana.

Indima amadivaysi ezokwelapha, amakhambi kanye nezinye izinto

Qaphela umlando ethatha emagama laboratory Imiphumela ibalulekile sizibone izidakamizwa olubangelwa inyuka transferases. ukulimala kwesibindi Okufanayo ezitholakele 1-2% of amacala ukuvuvukala okungalapheki ifomu isibindi. Zihlotshaniswa ukuphuza imithi elwa namagciwane, antiepileptics, inhibitor ka hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor, izidakamizwa nonsteroidal eqeda ukuvuvukala kanye imithi yokwelapha isifo sofuba.

Indlela elula ukunquma ukwencika nesanda aminotransferases nge yiziphi izindlela - yokuqeda ke, futhi bagcine ezingeni enzyme. Ayikho yokukhansela lokhu kusho ubuhlobo ayikwazi ukucaciswa.