Ukuhlaziya karyotype ka owakwakhe - ithuba lokuba abazali

Mhlawumbe isenzakalo esijabulisayo kakhulu ngamunye umbhangqwana iyona ukuzalwa kwengane. Kodwa, ngeshwa, esamanje abaningi bebhekene engenakwenzeka lokukhulelwa. Isizathu esikhulu ukungazali ingenye ambalwa ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi izifo ezibangelwa ufuzo. Lokhu kungenxa izinguquko isakhiwo of molecule e-DNA, lapho inani lezakhi zofuzo kuyaphazamiseka noma wadalula kwezimo ezingezinhle kwemvelo lapho nezinye ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo zenzeka. Ukuze ubone ukuthi zonke lezi ngeziphambeko futhi sigweme izinkinga esikhathini esizayo kubaluleke, hhayi kuphela ukuthi luhlole pair of kwedivayisi zofuzo, kodwa ukudlula ukuhlolwa yamangqamuzana zofuzo.

Ukubaluleka sokunquma abashadayo karyotype

Omunye ucwaningo ezibaluleke kakhulu zofuzo belungiselela ukuba akhulelwe iyona lihlaziya karyotype ka abashadayo. Karyotype - incazelo zonke Ama-chromosomes e izici ukuthi iziphathi-DNA. Lokhu kuhlaziya kusivumela ukucacisa isifo esidluliselwa ngofuzo noma ukubikezela kungenzeka nesenzakalo yabo inzalo. Ekukhombeni omunye umzali isethi okungekuhle wama-chromosomes kunobungozi ukuthi kungenzeka ingane izalwe ifomu okunzima retardation ngengqondo noma ezinye izifo. karyotype Human ayikwazi ukushintshwa, kodwa ukuthola ngesikhathi esifanele izindlela kuka asetshenziselwa ukuhlonza karyotype umbungu kanye nokwenzeka ukwelashwa.

Kukhona awokuthi ukwehluleka yokukhulelwa nge chromosomal kwezinso. Kodwa sibonga incazelo esifike inkinga kanye nokuhlela yokuqala sokukhulelwa kunethuba kokuba umntwana ophile. Ezimweni lapho kungekho kungenzeka ukwelapha omunye, wadala uhlelo donor ekhethekile ukusiza abashadikazi ingane lokuzalwa.

Ngemva karyotype womshado kunqunywa, afeze ukuhlola of chromosomal syndromes - karyotype. Imiphumela yalesi uphethwe kungacacisa kwezinso fetus ngenxa izinguquko ezihlelekile chromosome isethi umzali. Emazweni amaningi asethuthukile, azihlole Kuphoqelekile ngaphambi komshado. Ikakhulukazi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba bafeze lo ukuhlaziywa emikhayeni eside ngeke akhulelwe ingane, noma ezimweni lapho kwakukhona izisu (kwezisu). Anqume karyotype abesifazane kuleli cala - umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu. Yingakho ngokuziphatha novivinyo olunjalo kuyadingeka futhi kuvinjelwe ukuzalwa izingane ezifweni ezimbi.

Ukuhlaziywa for karyotype

Inqubo sokunquma karyotype we owakwakhe kuyinto kobuhlungu ngokuphelele futhi idlula igazi emthanjeni. Ezenye zinqunywa kungakapheli amasonto amabili, futhi sikwazi ukubona ngeziphambeko chromosome isakhiwo kanye nenombolo. Futhi kwaba nemiphumela emihle lonke inani lezakhi zofuzo Umuntu ophilile udinga elilingana 46, emibili yayo kuchazwa ngokuthi ngokobulili futhi XY e kwabesilisa XX nabesifazane. Ezimweni njalo, chromosome noma zofuzo kubangelwa izinguquko sokugembula, okuholela ukuthi akunakwenzeka yokufeza ingane futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuze kwesisu noma kulungiswe inkinga yokungabi nenzalo.

Egazi losana ukunquma abashadayo karyotype bahlolwe mononuclear leukocyte, bajoyine amaseli asebenzayo uyakwazi sokuhlukanisa. Ngesinye isikhathi esededelwe, inqubo sigaba wayeka, futhi amaseli okuholela kwaba namabala nge-microscope futhi ukwanda izithombe. Staining wenziwa esebenzisa udayi ehlukahlukene (classical kanye nezivivinyo Spectral) enikeza kuvumelana kwetinhlavu isethi ephelele lezakhi zofuzo.

Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kule ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa ukungabi nenzalo nezinye izifo ikhambi elingcono kakhulu ukuxhumana Centre for ezalayo Medicine. Kulezi izikhungo, lo mbhangqwana ungakwenza uzithola iseluleko kudingekile ochwepheshe wazibonela, kamuva ukusiza ukuthola ukwelashwa okulungile. Izindleko nekwelashwa kulezi izikhungo oluhambisana ekucwaningeni futhi lula futhi buyafaneleka ngokugcwele ukuze kufinyelelwe lo mgomo - ukuzalwa inzalo enempilo.