Uhlelo lwezemfundo Bologna

Kusukela 2003, emva ukubusa waseRussia isivumelwano Bologna, Russia kabanzi futhi uye wakwenza ngokuzimisela kwethulwa lo Bologna uhlelo lemfundo. Emzamweni ukujwayela imfundo ephakeme eRussia ngaphansi yaseYurophu, iHhovisi likaNgqongqoshe weZemfundo eyethula uhlelo ezimbili abaphuma lokufundisa amanyuvesi: esigabeni sokuqala - Bachelor, kwesibili - Master. I-agumenti eyinhloko eMnyango Wezemfundo kwaba ukuthi abafundi Russian bayothola ulwazi ezingeni European, kanye ukwethulwa imithetho ezivamile imfundo uzokwazi ukuba ungenele isiqu esiphezulu futhi waqhubeka nemfundo yabo e-European Union.

Lokhu emisha ine pluses yayo kanye minuses. Bologna ohlelweni lwezemfundo has izitha eziningi, kokubili phakathi abafundi futhi phakathi othisha rectors inyuvesi. Ezinye zazo ziye zasikisela ukuthi iRussia esizolungisa elabhorethri aseNtshonalanga. Kodwa ethile enkulu Kungenzeka ukuthi Masters eRussia uzokhokhelwa. Ngokusho izibikezelo lochwepheshe izimantshi khulula eRussia ngeke. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani, isibonelo, izindleko ukuqeqeshwa enkosini livela ezintathu ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu euros ngonyaka.

Russian Student Union uyakholelwa ukuthi wayencisha abafundi ithuba lokuthola ukuqeqeshwa khulula emayunivesithi zeMasters ngaleyo ndlela kwephula uMthethosisekelo Russian futhi umthetho federal "Ngo Ephakeme postgraduate Professional Education" futhi "Kwezemfundo". ERussia, kuhlelo lefundo Bologna kuzoholela kuzokwenzekani lokuhweba nakakhulu imfundo ephakeme, eqinisweni, njengoba besho abanye ochwepheshe, kuba inguqulelo lifihlakele kusukela ukhululekile imfundo ikhokhwe.

Bologna kuloluhlelo lwemfundo yethulwa ngo-1999 e Bologna, lapho 29 amazwe aseYurophu sinqume makuqoqwe ezahlukene eluhlelweni lwemfundvo kanye kwethulwa uhlelo ezimbili abaphuma imfundo ephakeme enikeza abafundi ithuba ngemuva kokuthola iziqu ze-bachelor akugcini nje ukuqedela Masters in the main, kodwa futhi ensimini ehlobene kangcono umsebenzi okhokhelwayo. izwe criteria ukuhlolwa umfundi zenzelwe. Lokhu kunciphisa inani lwezinto ezivamile, ukuvula, futhi gxila yokufuna amakhono athile. Ikhwalithi yefundo kuyaqashwa nemingcele obala futhi wawubekela imithetho eqinile.

Abanye abaphikisi bakholelwa ukuthi amanyuvesi Russian ngeke bakwazi ukukhulula e 3-4 iminyaka ongoti onekhono kakhulu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa izinga lemfundo kanye ukuhambisana ngokugcwele West, indlela Russian wezemfundo kufanele zishintshwe ngokuphelele. Ngokwesibonelo, asizange kucatshangelwe isikhathi esichithwe emsebenzini ezimele ekhaya, futhi acabangele kuphela labo amahora zezemfundo, eyayibonakala kokuya izilaleli.

Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa abanelisi kakhulu ukuthi izifundo yekungenisa Uhlelo undergraduate lincane kakhulu ngesikhathi kulungiselelwa uchwepheshe, okungaholela kumiswa izikhala in eyala eziningi yesibili. Njengamanje, igebe phakathi lwezifundo lesikolo okusezingeni eliphezulu likhulu kakhulu, futhi kuba nakakhulu c ushintsho ohlelweni Bologna.

E-Italy kukhona esigabeni esimaphakathi phakathi lesikolo okusezingeni eliphezulu - ekolishi, ngaphandle okuyinto akunakwenzeka ukuya ekolishi. Kungenzeka ukuthi iRussia izolandela indlela efanayo. It is futhi ehlela parallel ukwethulwa kohlelo Bologna ukudala ezikoleni sesikhashana amakilasi nokuqeqeshwa professional sokuqala izingane.

I uhlelo lesimanje imfundo eJapane kuhlanganisa 5 izigaba - sabaqalayo, esikoleni esiphansi, esikoleni esiphakathi amazinga ezimbili - i-engenhla nengezansi yakhe - kanye iyunivesithi. Ayanda ohlelweni lwezemfundo njengendlela-esiteji amabili - esiphezulu Phathi.

Uhlelo lwemfundo Japan has isici esasenza, isibonelo, amaqembu kanye amakilasi izinguquko njalo ngonyaka, kanye nokushintsha futhi kothisha. Ekupheleni konyaka abafundi ukuthatha izivivinyo, ngakho unyaka esikoleni ngabo - kuba belungiselela ke. Lokhu kuchaza mass futhi uvakashele izifundo eziningi ngasese, ikakhulukazi labo ukuhlela othisha ekhaya. Kodwa into ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ukuthi nge ukuqeqeshwa okuyisisekelo abasha Japanese yethulwe esikoleni.

imicabango yabantu Isazi mayelana ushintsho ohlelweni olusha imfundo zihluke kakhulu. Kwazi bani ukuthi ngeke ngempela ...