UGiorgio Vasari - umsunguli womlando wobuciko

UGiorgio Vasari (1511-1574) wazalwa edolobheni elincane kakhulu laseToscany Arezzo, eliseduze kwaseFlorence. Wahlala emakhulwini eminyaka njengomakhi wokwakha futhi njengendoda eyaqala ubuciko bokugxekwa.

Ukufunda nokuqalisa

Ezalelwe emndenini wombumbi, intsha ehlakaniphile nekhono eneminyaka engu-12 yaqala ukufundela umculi waseFrance owenza amafasitela angenamafasitela esontweni e-Arezzo, eGuillaume de Marcilla. Ukukhula komculi wesikhathi esizayo kwenzeka ngokulandelana kwempi ehlala njalo e-Italy. Kulo kwakukhona imizi-dolobha, futhi ezweni lakubo abangazange bazenze. Futhi amaJalimane, namaSpanishi, namaFulentshi. Kodwa leli zwe lalihlakulela umqondo kazwelonke, ukwakhiwa kolimi lwesiNtaliyane kusukela ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, kwakuziqhenya ngabadwebi abakhulu nabadwebi abafundisa iYurophu bazi. Imisebenzi kaLeonardo da Vinci noRafael yayidalwe kakade. I-Michelangelo enkulu yayidala futhi. Sekuyiminyaka engamakhulu amabili ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaGiorgio Vasari, e-Italy wakhuliswa ngezinhloso zobuntu. Lokhu "ukuqhuma" kuleli zwe kwathinta ukwakheka kwentombazane eyayizikhukhumeza yonke imizamo yakamuva evela ezweni kanye nomoya wenkululeko.

Ukuhlangana noMichelangelo

Uneminyaka eneminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili ubudala onolwazi ongenalutho. Sibonga uMichelangelo, owamqaphela, uGiorgio Vasari wathumela kumculi odumile u-Andrea del Sarto. Lo mculi wathonywa ngokuyinhloko nguLeonardo, ube nobungane noTiti noRafael. Wayenomqondo omuhle wombala nombala futhi wasebenza ngobuciko ngekhrioscuro. Abanye othisha uGiorgio bayothola ulwazi ekudwebeni nasekuqokeni ukwakheka kanye nombono. U-Vasari Giorgio uzogxeka uthisha wakhe kamuva. Ukholelwa ukuthi u-Andrea wayengenakho ukukhuthazwa okwanele ukwakha indalo enkulu. Echaza impilo yakhe, uVasari uzokutshela ngomfazi womklomelo wakhe, owenzela impilo yakhe kanye nabafundi bakhe ubuthi. Uphinde utshele ukuthi i-del Sarto izofa ngenkathi isifo sezinhlupho. Kodwa-ke, uVasari ngokwakhe, esebenze kahle umdwebo, ngeke akwazi ukubona uthisha wakhe amandla okusebenzisa umbala. Ubuciko nokudweba uVasari uzofunda kuMichelangelo oneminyaka engamashumi amahlanu ubudala. U-Vasari uzoba ngumlando wezithombe zomlando nomngane womculi omkhulu. Kunoma yikuphi, umculi ovaliwe kakhulu futhi othukuthele uzokutshela umngane wakhe omncane ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwakhe njengomdali wathonywa umoya ongavamile weTuscany nobumba, owaqala ukusebenza eminyakeni yokuqala yokufunda kwakhe.

Ukuxosha

U-Vasari osemncane uGiorgio uhlonishwa yiMedici, kodwa ngo-1529 baxoshwa kuFlorence, kanti umculi oneminyaka engu-17 ubudala ubuyela emzini wakubo. Futhi yini ekulindele? Ubaba washona, kumele sikhathalele umndeni wethu, abafowethu nodadewethu abancane. Lapha uthola imiyalo yokudweba imidwebo nokudweba. Isidingo semali simshukumisela ukuba asuke e-Arezzo, aye e-Pisa bese ehambela e-Italy efuna umsebenzi. Injabulo yancoma umculi osemusha - wahlangana no-Ippolito de 'Medici, omunye wabasebenzi bakhe eFlorence, futhi lo mbusi wamthatha uVasari naye eRoma.

Buyela e-Florence

Lapha usebenza ngaphansi kwamandla ka-Alessandro de 'Medici futhi ngo-1534 wabhala isithombe sakhe. Kulo mfanekiso ukuthi ubuthakathaka bomdwebi bubonakala. Abaculi be- Renaissance high, njengoba umthetho, basebenzisa imibala emithathu - obomvu, obuluhlaza, igolide (ophuzi). Futhi uGiorgio Vasari, ehlezi esitokisini esibomvu, egqoke isikhwama esibomvu, uyisigqoko sokuzivikela. Isibhakabhaka ekujuleni kwesithombe, kunalokho, sinobukhulu, amafu aphelile. Ingemuva lapho isithombe siboniswa khona kufana nomnyama. Izinwele zihlanganiswa ngokuphelele, azikho okwanele ukuguquka kwezithunzi. Iningi likhanyise izikhali. Umdwebo ubuhle kakhulu, ubuhle, kodwa bunencazelo eyaneleyo. Yebo, kungabonakala ukuthi lokhu kuyisandla esinqumayo, okwenza ukuphila kulesi sigqoko nempi, kodwa njengoba wonke isithombe sikumnyama futhi siba mnyama, singene ngaphakathi kwenhlekelele. Kodwa yilokho umdwebi obona umphathi wakhe. Ngokuvamile, i-Vasari ayihambisani nemvelo, ayifuni ukuvumelana, kodwa ibeka yonke into ngokuchaneka kwemigqa eyenza ivolumu, nangokuveza ngokugqamile. Lezi zindlela zisetshenziswa njalo nguVasari Giorgio. Izithombe ezivela ngesikhathi ziyaziwa. Kodwa behluleka ukuma ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi futhi manje akuwona ubuciko obuningi njengokuthandwa komlando. Ngemva kokufa kuka-Alessandro de 'Medici, uVasari usevele e-Bologna wenza enye yezithombe zakhe ezinhle kakhulu "Umkhosi weSt. UGeorge ", okuchaza izithombe zabantu abaphila nabo. Zizofakwa "ku-Biographies" yakhe.

Indalo enkulu kaVasari eFlorence

UCosimo I wamaMedici wayala uVasari ukwakha isigodlo esizohlanganisa izinkonzo eziningi zedolobha kusukela emfuleni we-Arno River. Kusukela ngo-1560 kwakhiwa isakhiwo esazi ukuthi i- Uffizi Gallery isiqalile . Isakhiwo sinomgodla omkhulu futhi sinokwakhiwa kwe-modular ngamabhuloki ahlukaniswe ama-pilasters. Phakathi nokuphila kukaVasari, ukwakhiwa kwenziwa iminyaka eyishumi nane. Kwaqedwa iminyaka eyisikhombisa emva kokufa kwakhe.

Umlando wobuciko

Ukubaluleka okukhulu kwenzalo kwakungu-Vasari Giorgio. Lena umsebenzi omkhulu wamakhulu amahlanu. Ihlukaniswe yizingxenye ezizinikezelwe ukwakha, ukudweba, ukudweba futhi kuyindlela yokwenza ubuciko esetshenziselwa ubuciko obuhlukahlukene, kanye nama-biographies wabdali. Uhlelo lokuqala lwashicilelwa eFlorence ngo-1550. Iqala ngokuzinikezela ku-Grand Duke weTuscan Cosimo I weMedici. Kule ncwadi, uVasari uqala ukufaka umqondo wokuthi "Renaissance", kanye nokuthi "Ukuqala kabusha, okuPhakathi nokuPhezulu okuPhakeme" kanye nemvelaphi yabo - "Antiquity, Middle Ages".

Yeka indlela uGiorgio Vasari eyakha ngayo ama-biographies

Ngesisekelo seveli, esivele ejwayelekile kumfundi wesikhathi esifanayo, uVasari ubhala imibhalo yama-artists abonisa ukuqhosha kwesizwe sase-Italy. Ukwazisa umdwebo womdwebo, umculi noma isakhiwo futhi unikeza ukuhlaziywa kanye nezici zomsebenzi wakhe. Yonke imisebenzi yomdali iboniswe ngokucacile. Njengoba uGuorgio Vasari ngokwakhe engumculi, ngakho-ke, njengomhlaziyi wobuciko, uhlaziya umdwebo, isikole, indlela yokusebenza nolwazi. Kwamanoveli ngayinye, umlobi waqoqa ngokucophelela amaqiniso amancane kunazo zonke ekuphileni komculi. Esihlokweni ngasinye kukhona isithombe, ngezinye izikhathi esenziwa nguVasari ngokwakhe. Umqambi wokuphila wazama ukulandelela ukuxhumana komculi ngamunye nabantu. Uma echaza izithombe zabalingiswa beBhayibheli abadalwa yinkosi eyodwa noma enye, uGeorgio Vasari ufuna ukuxhuma lezi zithombe ngempilo yansuku zonke yomculi. Le ncwadi ivula biography nobuciko Giotto, futhi iphetha - Michelangelo. Kodwa uhlelo lwesibili, olushicilelwe eminyakeni eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye kamuva, lusekelwa yizichibiyelo, ukucaciswa kanye nama-biographies amasha. Kuye kwanyatheliswa cishe okungamakhulu amabili. Lo msebenzi kaMesiya uVasari wamakhulu eminyaka wathola izindlela zomlando wobuciko njengesayensi. Umbono wakhe kwezobuciko awuzange ulahlekelwe ukubaluleka kwawo ezinsukwini zethu.

Inkosi yafa eFlorence ngo-1574.