"Theophylline": yokusetshenziswa, analogs

kufanele ngisebenzisa kanjani izidakamizwa "Theophylline"? Yokusetshenziswa, analogs nezici izimali Kamuva sizoxoxa ngokuthi.

Ukwakheka kanye ukuma

Equkethe imithi, "Aminophylline"? Iziyalezo yokusetshenziswa uthi isici asebenzayo yalesi thuluzi igama elifanayo ketshezi - aminophylline.

Umuthi is imakethwa njengoba isixazululo ekuphathweni emthanjeni, kanye ngesimo amaphilisi, lotions noma yokugcoba.

izici kwemithi

Liyini ikhambi njengoba "Theophylline"? Yokusetshenziswa (ampoules yalesi izidakamizwa angathengwa ngasiphi ikhemisi) ibika ukuthi vasodilating, antispasmodic, isisu kanye bronchodilatory izidakamizwa.

Isici esebenzayo ye nomuthi kuyinto usawoti theophylline ethylenediamine. It kunomphumela bronchodilatory kanye bronchodilator, ngenxa ngqo relaxant umphumela wawo semithambo bushelelezi imisipha Imicu yotshani amaphaphu yomoya. Lo mphumela kubangelwa okusithiyayo ukukhetha umsebenzi phosphodiesterase, okuholela ekwandeni ekamu intracellular.

izakhiwo zomuthi

Ithuluzi emangalisayo "Theophylline"? Yokusetshenziswa Lithi kuyinto ukwazi ukunciphisa hyperreactivity ka ipheshana zokuphefumula. Mshini yalesi senzo ayikaziwa, kodwa ochwepheshe bathi ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kubhekwe kubangela ukwenyuka ngenani futhi umsebenzi T-suppressors egazini.

Ukwandisa imvume mucociliary, okwandisa ukusikwa diaphragm, kanye inkanuko umsebenzi intercostal imisipha zokuphefumula, ithuluzi oyenza isikhungo zokuphefumula, ngokusiza ukuthuthukisa ukuzwela yayo, futhi sithuthukisa ukupholisa alveolar okwagcina kuholela ukuncipha kaningi nobukhali zokuphelelwa umoya iziqephu.

Njengoba omunye umphumela we izidakamizwa, "Aminophylline"? Yokusetshenziswa (wamafutha futhi isixazululo nomphumela ofanayo ku umzimba) ibika ukuthi ngaphansi ukucatshangelwa kusho Izilawuli umsebenzi zokuphefumula, kanjalo ngcono igazi O2 ukugcwaliswa inqubo kunciphe lokuhlushwa-carbon dioxide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa esebenzayo luyakwazi ukupholisa ka hypokalemia.

Kumele kuqashelwe futhi ukuthi "Theophylline" yokusetshenziswa elichazwa ngezansi, oyenza inhliziyo, kwandisa nobuningi kanye namandla we ukushaya kwenhliziyo, yandisa isidingo of imisipha yenhliziyo ku O ₂ futhi kakhulu kwandisa inhliziyo ukugeleza kwegazi.

Ukusebenzisa le ekwakhiweni kusiza ukuphungula cerebral semithambo ithoni, izinso kanye isikhumba. Ochwepheshe bathi ejenti kubhekwe has isisu kanye neuropathy venorasshiryayuschim isinyathelo incipha yamaphaphu ukumelana semithambo, kwehlisa umfutho wegazi kule yokujikeleza kwegazi eliya emaphashini kudaleke igazi ligeleze nezinso. Futhi, lokhu ekwakhiweni sithuthukisa ipheshana biliary futhi siyehla adhesion platelet ne ukukhululwa kwe mediators hypersensitivity ukusabela, usimamise odongeni kwamaseli insika, ulawula microcirculation, ekunciphiseni ingozi thrombus kumiswa futhi kuthuthukisa ukuzinza erythrocyte.

Ngemithamo ezinkulu izidakamizwa kubhekwe ubonisa izindawo epileptogenic.

kinetics

Yini imingcele sici "Theophylline" izindlela kinetic? Yokusetshenziswa (neminye lokhu ukulungiselela isetshenziswa kaningi) ubeka ukuthi ngemva kokufaka womuntu umzimba isici asebenzayo zomuthi is akheka lapho kukhululwa alandelayo theophylline itho olukhululekile, okuyinto kamuva sibopha ukuthi plasma amaprotheni 40%.

Kuthathwa njengesibikezelo kusho ezikwazi ukuhlaba zingene ngokusebenzisa isithiyo esinomhlapho, kanye okukhipha nge ubisi lukamama.

Uguquko theophylline ubabonisa esibindini yi P450 enzyme cytochrome.

Ifomu sokuqala umuthi okukhipha in imali ngo-10% kule umchamo. Isikhathi isigamu-ukuphila kwaleli thuluzi e non-ababhemayo, kanye iziguli isifuba somoya bronchial, ngema-awa lange-12, e izingane - amahora 1-5 kule osanda kuzalwa - kufikela kuzinsuku ezingu-2, nasezincwadini ababhemayo - 4 amahora.

Lapho iqondiswa?

Izinkomba ukusetshenziswa zomuthi incike ukuma ikhishwe.

ekuphathweni Parenteral Kunconywa:

• iziyaluyalu ischemic kwegazi cerebral;
• isimo asthmaticus ;
• kwesokunxele ventricular ukwehluleka, okuyinto kwakunzima ngenxa yezinkinga ukucindezeleka wokuphefumula, bronchospasm;
• zokuphelelwa umoya ezisanda kubelethwa;
• ezingamahlalakhona futhi ukwehluleka oyingozi inhliziyo;
• edema odabuka kwezinso.

Kwezinye izimo, usebenzisa ngomlomo "Theophylline" (amaphilisi)? Iziyalezo imibiko ukusetshenziswa ukuthi ithuluzi wenza kahle inhliziyo yamaphaphu, syndrome broncho-obstructive of omsakazo ezahlukahlukene (isib, emphysema, isifuba somoya, COPD, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula obstructive), ukuphelelwa umoya lapho belele, senyusa izinga lomfutho womoya ku yokujikeleza kwegazi eliya emaphashini, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ngohlobo esingamahlalakhona noma oyingozi .

Izimo

Uma akufanele usebenzise izidakamizwa "Theophylline"? Yokusetshenziswa imibiko ukuthi is contraindicated ku:

• ezinzima lwemithambo hyper- noma hypotension, tachyarrhythmia, izilonda of ipheshana wokugaya ukudla, kuhlanganise exacerbation;
• kolwelwesi giperatsidnom, umsebenzi ezinzima kwezinso noma hepatic, oluhambisana unhlangothi, isifo sokuwa, ukopha kwe-retina;
• Ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa ephedrine nezingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kweminyaka eyi-3, anda kakhulu uzwela aminophylline noma theophylline.

Izidakamizwa "Theophylline": yokusetshenziswa

Cellulite (impendulo nesineke kuzoxoxwa ngezansi) kuyindlela yokuthola ekusizeni kuhle, kodwa lokhu akuwona injongo eyinhloko izidakamizwa kubhekwe.

kufanele ngisebenzisa kanjani? I umthamo lwemithi yomuntu nomuthi. Ukwelapha akhiwa udokotela abanolwazi kuye isithombe emtholampilo, ubudala lesiguli, futhi khona ubufakazi sokuncika-nicotine.

A ukulungiselela ngesimo isixazululo ingasatshenziswa intramuscularly noma ngemithambo yegazi, kanye amafutha - isetshenziswa endaweni eyomile isikhumba nerazdrazhennuyu.

Njengoba esetshenziselwa kwesisindo?

Kungenzeka yini ukusebenzisa kwesisindo izidakamizwa "Theophylline"? Yokusetshenziswa (ka cellulite iyithuluzi ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa ngendlela amafutha) iqukethe kulesi sici alukho ulwazi. Nokho, ochwepheshe bangase baphikise ngokuthi izidakamizwa esebenzayo kwalesi sidakamizwa sisiza ngempela ukwehlisa isisindo somzimba, kodwa futhi ngokwengxenye ukuqeda "orange ikhasi". Kwenzeka kanjani lokhu? Iqiniso lokuthi aminophylline kungaba ngcono kwegazi igazi emisipheni, kanye ukuthuthukisa amanzi abo umsebenzi. into enjalo ezitholakala eziningi okhilimu for cellulite (isibonelo, "Turboslim», Draine Minceur, Reflexe Minceur, Phyto-Complexe, Ukuma-up , njll).

Schematics isicelo yokugcoba nge aminophylline kuxhomeke Ukwakheka okugcwele umenzi.

side effects

Wenzenjani ngokwemvelo bangase bavele ukusetshenziswa kwezimali? Ngokusho imiyalelo, lokho kungase kubangele:

• izinkinga zokulala, ukukhathazeka, isiyezi, Ukudlikizela nokundindizela;
• Reflux gastroesophageal, ukuhlanza nohudo, ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, isilungulela, sokuzincisha ukudla, futhi exacerbation of peptic isilonda isifo;
• arrhythmias inhliziyo, ubuhlungu benhliziyo, okubi kakhulu of pectoris angina, ingcindezi ukunciphisa, angina zamanga futhi tachycardia;
• hematuria, albuminuria;
• ukulunywa, imfiva, futhi ukuqubuka;
• kahle kungakhuphula izinga likashukela,
• ngamanzi, ubuhlungu futhi induration kusayithi umjovo;
• tachypnea, albuminuria, ubuhlungu besifuba, hematuria, ukushisa komzimba, kahle kungakhuphula izinga likashukela, ukujuluka futhi ngakhula umchamo nsuku zonke.

Ukuxhumana kanye ukweqisa izidakamizwa

Kuze kube manje, amacala Kuye kwabikwa esebenzisa imiyalezo yedatha yokweqisa. Uma lesi simo kwenzeka, kufanele ayeke ukuthatha izidakamizwa futhi uqale ukwelashwa lingaze.

Ngo ngokufana okukhona ngokuthatha izidakamizwa ne sympathomimetics a ukusebenza mutual wezenzo zazo kwemithi. Njengoba i-beta-blocker, kanye nemithi lithium imithombo, izenzo ezifanelekile Okusizayo buthaka.

Oqabulayo umphumela "Aminophylline" ngokuphawulekayo encishisiwe uma isetshenziswa kanye kanye "pentobarbital", "rifamycins", "i-Isoniazid", "Carbamazepine", "sulfinpyrazone," "Phenytoin" (kuhlanganise ababhemayo).

Isenzo kubhekwe izidakamizwa kungase kukhule lapho co-zinikwa quinolones, "lincomycin" macrolides "cimetidine", "Allopurinol" isoprenaline, beta-blocker, fluvoxamine inzalo temlomo, "Disulfiram", "Viloksazinom", kanye ngesikhathi umkhuhlane wokugoma .

Chelators futhi antidiarrheals ukunciphisa adsorption "Aminophylline."

Analogs nomthengi Izibuyekezo

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona analogs we "Theophylline" izidakamizwa? Ochwepheshe ukuphendula lo mbuzo ngoyebo. imithi Okubukwe Ungashintshanisa "Aminophylline-esque", "Eufillin-Darnitsa", amaphilisi kanye imijovo "aminophylline".

Okushiwo ngabantu mayelana wathi kusho abathengi? Izibuyekezo lokhu ukulungiselela kukhona impela eningi. Iziguli eziningi libike ukuthi umjovo "Aminophylline" iyithuluzi efakazelwe. ukusebenza kanye layo nekghono musa zibangele noma yikuphi ukungabaza, kuhlanganise ukuhlaselwa yesifuba somoya.

Ngokuqondene imibono mayelana "Theophylline" ukhilimu, zingabantu impikiswano. Abanye abathengi zithi lokhu remedy kuyinto ayizwakali. Nokho, kukhona ezinye iziguli ababelana Imiphumela umxhwele ngemva kokufaka amafutha cellulite.