Sikhungo isisetshenziswa electronic - Iyini?

Mayelana nomkhosi wokuhlanganisa sesimanje Russian othisha imfundo zisebenzisa hhayi kuphela bendabuko izinhlobo ukuqeqeshwa, kodwa futhi ukwethula izindlela ezintsha. Ake sixoxe yiziphi izimfuneko izinsiza electronic zemfundo.

Kuyini ESM

izinsiza Federal electronic zemfundo - kungcono izinto zokufunda zazo yakhiqizwa ngu amadivayisi ayi- elekhthroniki. Ngokuvamile, i-RAR kufanisa kokurekhodiwe bese ividiyo, ukuthi ingadlalwa emuva usebenzisa isidlali noma rekhoda. Ikholi ephumelela kunazo sezihambile ukuqopha izinsiza digital, okusho ukuthi olungaphimiseka usebenzisa amadivaysi digital.

Umehluko phakathi izincwadi kanye ESM

Sikhungo isisetshenziswa electronic - okukhethwa kukho lula abafundi ekufundeni ibanga nezinkinga zezempilo (imfundo ehlanganisa). Ngakho, ebhukwinitifundvo evamile ayitholakali zesikole nge umbono kahle, ukuqeqesha izincwadi ezisindayo, ngenxa lokho abafundi bavame 'akhohlwe "amakhaya abo.

Ukwahlukaniswa kwamadamu ESM

Kukhona ngezigaba esiqondile izinsiza electronic zemfundo. Basuke zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu eziningana:

1. Yombhalo. Indaba livela ifomu lezithombe noma umbhalo ku computer yakho, kwakungekho ephepheni. Uma wayefisa, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ungakwazi ukuphrinta sihloko oyifunayo noma isithombe.
2. Umbhalo ESM nge navigation ngokusebenzisa impahla. Kulokhu, ukuze izinsiza electronic zemfundo zihlanganisa izincwadi yokuthi ingafundwa kwi-PC, ezihambayo nganoma isiphi isikhathi ekhasini oyifunayo. Siveza eside kudingeka, kungaba iwindi elincane olwengeziwe ukufunda izimpendulo zakhe (ukuhlonza), noma ushintshe okuqukethwe kwesikrini kweso, okubonisa ibinzana (keyphrase). Navigation embhalweni akuyona yomugqa, futhi igama lomkhiqizo yombhalo uxhumano.
3. Esesithathu zemfundo isisetshenziswa electronic - kuyinto ezibukwayo noma ngemva kokulunywa umsindo. Animation, uzwakale ukwenza inqubo yokufunda fun futhi ezithakazelisayo abafundi.

Ukusetshenziswa multimedia ESM

Ngolimi lwesiNgisi, igama elithi "multimedia" kusho "zinengi izindlela." Futhi isisetshenziswa enjalo zokufundisa electronic - umfanekiso izinto wafunda ngokusebenzisa ihluzo, umsindo, ividiyo, izithombe, izithombe. Ngamanye amazwi, ezemfundo isisetshenziswa electronic - yinto kuzothatha indoda ngosizo ukuzwa futhi umbono.

Okwamanje, "multimedia" leligama elisetshenziswe ngawo kabanzi ngempela kule ndaba, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi yini ngempela izosebenza. Ngokwesibonelo, imithombo electronic zemfundo movies ezinezihloko imvelo zemfundo, ukubona ukuthi ubani kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa umshini wokudlala amabhayisikobho PC. Futhi kule multimedia ESM ehloselwe ikhono ukudlala kuyi-computer ngesikhathi esifanayo inani lezinto ethulwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Yiqiniso, lokhu eqala akukho ukudideka lutho lezinto ukuthi awunawo ubuhlobo, futhi leso sinqumo lezinto kuncike ezithile sihloko didactic. Kufanele ngokunengqondo exhumene nomunye, ukwakha umbono olulodwa lezingane zesikole mayelana lomkhuba wafunda noma inqubo.

Ukwanela kwezinto isethulo e ndima wangempela ephawula izinga lomkhiqizo abezindaba. Innovative Inkulumo neyaziwayo "esingokoqobo virtual", okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa izingxenye multimedia ehlanganisa okubonakalayo lamatsatfu umsindo we-stereo kanye nenombolo.

Izindlela lokunikeza ESM

Uma ucabangela uhlu izinsiza electronic ezemfundo, kufanele kuphawulwe nokwakheka kwawo. ESM kungaba ngesimo i material ezemfundo ngobugebengu ku amabhlogo ehlukile. In ngamunye kubo wasebenzisa umfanekiso ingcaca, umbhalo izingcezwana eziyizinsalela, izakhi Uhlelo of hypermedia.

Eminyakeni yamuva, imithombo electronic ezikhungweni zemfundo ziye sekuyinsakavukela. izinsiza-kufundisa ezinconywe uMnyango Wezemfundo ukufundisa abafundi ngesikhathi isizukulwane esisha Federal izindinganiso kanye uqedele ESM. Ukusebenza ukusetshenziswa ESM enqubeni yesimanje zemfundo izici didactic zinqunywa ngokuyinhloko:

• ukuxhumana;
• umthamo yekuchumana;
• ukuhlinzekwa impahla ezemfundo ngesimo umbhalo, izithombe, izithombe, video, alalelwayo, imithombo multimedia;
• Ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha ukumodeliswa ukuhlaziya izindawo zokufunda;
• ezishintshayo izinhlobo ezahlukene imisebenzi yokufunda.

injongo ESM

Cabanga ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo ngogesi ezemfundo inqubo nokufundisa. ESM ikuvumela ukusebenzisa imisebenzi elandelayo:

1. Hlela umsebenzi ezimele lolwazi abafundi.
2. Nikeza usekelo lwezifundo ngazinye zemfundo yomfundi ngamunye by abafundisi professional.
3. Hlela iqembu ukuqeqeshwa imisebenzi usebenzisa izinsiza, ulwazi kanye nobuchwepheshe.

Izici ESM

Kuye ukusetshenziswa e inqubo yemfundo, zonke zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo eziningana ESM:

• Zokwabiwa kwezinsiza kusebenza, okuyinto ezibekwe kule BAYO. Ngokwesibonelo, izinsiza electronic zemfundo kukhompyutha zingafakwa digital imitapo, ekhosombeni, kumawebhusayithi zemfundo. Ziyakwazi ezidingekile imfundo ibanga, akude ukufinyelela imodi ICT ubuchwepheshe.
• ESM ukusetshenziswa endaweni amanethiwekhi wendawo zezinhlangano zezemfundo kanye nezikhungo.
• izinsiza Single-umsebenzisi ukuthi zenzelwe ngokuyinhloko ukuze isetshenziswe ku-computer. Leli qembu kuhilela ukusetshenziswa CD noma i-DVD.

Ubudala efanelekile ngesikhathi behlanganisa ESM

Ikakhulukazi e-learning resource ukuthi uyakucabangela ezingeni eziqondiwe ezingeni isikole. Ngakho, ngokuvamile yakhelwe pre-school, oyinhloko, eziyisisekelo, jikelele imfundo yesibili kanye nokuqeqeshwa professional amiswa ukuqhubekisela phambili labo babe imfundo ephakeme.

Kuye uhlobo ukuqeqeshwa, ingosi ye-elekthronikhi nezisetshenziswa zemfundo USUE inikeza izinsiza esigcwele, esigcwele, itoho, imfundo umndeni, izifundo zangaphandle, self-imfundo.

nezithameli

Ngokulinganayo, ukusetshenziswa electronic izinsiza nabasha abangenayo, kothisha, methodologists, ososayensi, abafundi, ochwepheshe.

Kuye uhlobo izinsiza ungathola izinhlobo ezilandelayo izinto:

• Ukuqeqeshwa impahla. Luhilela inkinga amabhuku virtual, workshop laboratory, okokufundisa, kwakha, inkulumo amanothi, cwaningo e-learning izifundo, kwakha.
• Ukufundisa ungakuphi. Ifomu electronic ingacosha imihlahlandlela, lwezifundo, izinhlelo, isifundo izinhlelo.
• Izinkomba. Ngokwesibonelo, ESM Isaphulelo egciniwe, izichazamazwi, Ticukatsilwati, ama-encyclopedia.
• Imashi futhi ikhithi okuyisibonelo. Kuhlanganisa amabalazwe ezibukwayo, atlases, ama-albhamu, izinsiza-kufundisa.
• Engeziwe ukwaziswa. Ifomu electronic izifundo anthologies, izincwadi, ukushicilelwa uhlamvu zesayensi kanye ethandwa, ukukhangisa izinto.
• Imibhalo normative. Othisha angahlola kazwelonke Pedagogical ejwayelekile umsebenzi izincazelo, imithetho.
• izincwadi Periodic electronic.

Kuye injongo yayo ngqo, ESM sehlukaniswe yesayensi, ezemfundo, lengemaciniso, inkomba, ezokungcebeleka, ezobuciko, mass nezombangazwe, zezimboni, kwenta na inkomba.

Imisebenzi kwezinsiza electronic zemfundo

Kuye ngalokho injongo ESM esidalelwe inqubo yemfundo, bahlukene zibe izinhlobo eziningana:

• izinhlelo zokuqeqesha;
• anthology;
• Ukufundisa kit eyala ethize bezemfundo;
• izichazamazwi;
• iziqondisi;
• inkulumo amanothi;
• workshop.

Iqembu lokugcina ESM kubaluleke ngokukhethekile ngokuba ukuqaliswa imisebenzi eyabelwe abafundisi nezikhungo zemfundo emva kusungulwa federal amazinga isimo sezemfundo esizukulwane sesibili.

izinsiza ezinjalo zithinta amasethi umsebenti lowentiwako, labs, workshop virtual, sekusetshenziswa ibhizinisi, ucwaningo, imisebenzi phrojekthi. Ngesikhathi besanda kuqala ukuqeqeshwa kabanzi izinto okuyisibonelo: usetha animations noma amasilayidi, alalelwayo video ukwesekwa amakilasi. Ngo zamabanga aphansi naphezulu nokufundisa esikoleni ikhithi bangabafundisi yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali, biology ne-physics.

Ngenxa ESM kwandisa isisusa izingane ukuqhuba laboratory kanye nemisebenzi ezingokoqobo, kuvusa umsebenzi engqondweni yethu esizukulwaneni esisha. Kuye ngezinga software didactic, ungakwazi sithathe ESM lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• okukhethekile;
• isihloko;
• isiyalo Isigaba;
• isihloko.

Ngokusho kwenye samuntu ulwazi, zonke izinsiza zobuchwepheshe besimanje ihlukaniswe imikhiqizo software, multimedia ESM futhi izinto eziveza. Futhi kokucabangela izici bokuphila nezingokwengqondo abafundi, othisha yenqubo zokufundisa podirayut okuxubile, achazayo noma esingachaziwe ESM asebenzayo.

Ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo ukusebenza nezingane e-izincwadi noma iziqondiso, uthisha ihlola ukwenza ngokuvumelana kusebenza amazinga isimo federal zemfundo esizukulwane sesibili.

Kukhona ngezigaba kwezinsiza electronic imvelo ukusetshenziswa nokusatshalaliswa uhlobo ku-intanethi, i-Internet, kanye nezisetshenziswa blackboards interactive. Kuye semfundo imishini yezobuchwepheshe, uthisha ukhetha iqembu RAR, ukusetshenziswa okuzoba elilungile kwenziwe esimweni esithile. Futhi okuqukethwe ukusebenzisa okuqukethwe isethulo kwezinsiza, multimedia ESM noma zezemfundo ekhethekile.

uhulumeni waseRussia e ukunakwa yamuva inikezwe nemfundo yezingane abanezinkinga ezithile zempilo, ngakho abakwazi ukuya emakilasini ezikoleni ezivamile ndawonye nontanga yabo. It lakhiwe futhi ngempumelelo usebenza isimiso esikhethekile ku imfundo ehlanganisa. nokuqaliswa kwalo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinsiza electronic zemfundo ezahlukene. Futhi usebenza esikoleni esikhethekile virtual, lapho izingane kanye nabeluleki babo enze imisebenzi ezithakazelisayo. Ngaphezu ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo ngogesi zemfundo ngqo phakathi izifundo, ukufinyelela ku guys lapho, nangemva kwesikole. Lokhu izincwadi electronic okungaxhunyiwe ku-intanethi, izimpawu uhlelo search kwakhiwa ngesisekelo the hyperlink glossary okuqukethwe. Ngo izinzuzo ezinjalo idluliselwe substrate iphepha inguqulo ye-electronic.

Izibonelo izicelo ku inqubo yemfundo RAR

Uthisha Chemistry ayisekho umsebenzi ngaphandle kokusebenza kwezethulo, amavidyo kliphu, kanye isibonisi ngaphambi kokuqala esisebenzayo umsebenzi lokungeniswa ukuphepha. Uma kungekho esikoleni amakhemikhali Thishela uphakamisa "virtual" umsebenti lowentiwako, usebenzisa chemistry afanele ESM. Ngaphezu iqoqo electronic, obadalwa ezingeni federal, zikhona izinsiza khombisa ucwaningo kungavunyelwa TB owawuzoba elabhorethri esikoleni. Izingane injabulo ukubukela nakho, ephelezelwa ukukhululwa yokukhanya, ukufudumala kanye namandla.

isiphetho

Esikhathini Russian Federation kwase kunesiqiniseko ezingeni likazwelonke le ESM kuqala bese isizukulwane sesibili. Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa ezihlukahlukene izinsiza digital zemfundo (DER), isibonelo, platform 1c.

Isizukulwane sesibili umelwe izinsiza FTSIOR ukuthi idlalwa usebenzisa isidlali ekhethekile OMC. Akhiwa usebenzisa umkhakha amazinga SCORM, Flash, Java. Ukudalwa electronic izinsiza zokufundisa othisha isizukulwane sesibili eqala ulwazi lwezinhlelo, okuyinto uyiphupho othisha kakhulu. othisha abaningi bazama ukudala siqu imithombo yabo ngogesi esekelwe Uhlelo Microsoft PowerPoint.

Ukuze lula izimpilo othisha lanamuhla, iHhovisi likaNgqongqoshe weZemfundo iqoqo ekhethekile digital isiyalo wokufunda ngamunye zenzelwe. On isicelo ESM ku Linux, siphawula ukuthi manje bajwayele kakhulu kuyaqabukela. Isizathu siwukuthi othisha abaningi ke akazi indlela yokusebenzisa. Zonke izinsiza electronic ahlinzekwa ukusetshenziswa ezikhungweni zemfundo, pre-ihlolwe. Endabeni okungathobeli nezidingo ukuthi ifakwa phambili amazinga amasha federal, le ESM is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba isetshenziswe ezikoleni nasemakolishi.