Seventh Lubavitcher Rebbe - Menachem Mendel Schneerson. I Lubavitcher Rebbe: Biography, izithombe, izincwadi

I Lubavitcher Rebbe Schneerson (1902-1994) - a lokukwazi ezingokomoya sazi esingumJuda owayengumkhulumeli enkathini yesimanje. Kushicilelwe imisebenzi eminingi isishoshovu abangamaJuda, uye enqwabelene isixuku izithunywa kuwo wonke umhlaba, bethwele ukukhanya wabafowabo efundisa izinkulungwane abalandeli, izigidi abalandeli nabasekeli, ubani ambheka njengomfundisi umeluleki, uthisha, umholi noyisibonelo. Lona indoda abamizamo wavusa unembeza izizukulwane, waqala imvuselelo esingokomoya sesizwe.

ebuntwaneni

I Lubavitcher Rebbe, isithombe okuyinto okwethulwa kulesi iphepha, wazalelwa emzini Nikolaev (Empire Russian). Ubaba walo mfana Levi Isaka Schneerson, waba ngomunye wabangu-Orabi evelele kunazo zonke. Usosayensi onolwazi olubanzi komthetho wamaJuda, iTalmud, umcabango Hasidic, ekugcineni kwahlaluka ukuthi Umphikisi ebuhlungu amaBolshevik alethwe imimoya entsha. Khan (nomkakhe, indodakazi Meyer-Shloymo Yanovskogo - UNicholas urabi) wayengumngane weqiniso futhi uzihlanganise yomyeni wakhe.

Ubaba ka waqamba indodana yakhe yokudumisa Rabi Menachem Mendel, ukhokho wakhe, eyesithathu Lubavitcher Rebbe, owaziwa "Tzemach Tzedek" imibuthano zomsebenzi abangamaJuda. Izihlobo Akwaziwa zoyise Rabi Rashab abazali bengane uye walungiselela uchungechunge imiyalelo. Ngokwesibonelo, umama kwadingeka benze ngaphambi yokondla umntwana oyisibopho egeza isiko yezandla.

ukuqeqeshwa

Lapho ingane eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala, abazali wamthatha aphume unhlokweni ngenxa yempumelelo yayo emangalisayo esikoleni, bese bamqasha wangasese izifundo othisha. Mfundisi we unhlokweni wayekholelwa ukuthi umntwana wazalwa ukuba mkhulu.

Ngo Umlando wakhe lokwatiwako ngekuphila kwakhe Rebbe Lubavitcher engashongo lutho imidlalo zezingane. Ingane ngeke ukudlala, ngaso sonke isikhathi wafunda. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi abaningi bayaziqhenya ukwazi kuye, kodwa akekho Bambiza ngokuthi ungumngane ngeke ixazululwe. Mhlawumbe abangani wayengasekho nhlobo: izingane umntwana uhlakaniphe kakhulu. Ubaba sichazamazwi baqaphela zisuka ukuthi indodana yakhe nje yeshiva umfundi uze ukwazi. Umfana eneminyaka engu-9 lapho umsebenzi wakhe azishiyele abangamaJuda, wathumela ephephandabeni izingane "O," uyaphuma Lubavitch. I prodigy lokubhala yanyatheliswa.

Ubizwa umxhwele hhayi kuphela Torah eyodwa, njengoba kwasho insizwa egama nesithakazelo wesayensi wokuziphilisa. UPapa kwamnikeza isikhathi khulula ukufunda isayensi. Phakathi nezinyanga eziyisithupha, encane Menachem Mendel ngaphandle kuphothula esikoleni samabanga aphakeme, uthole isitifiketi woMbuso uzothatha indondo yegolide.

abazalwane

Lubavitcher Rabi nginabafowethu ababili   звали Исроэл - Арье - Лейб и Довбер . okwakubizwa ngokuthi i-Israyeli - Arie - Leib futhi Dovber. последнего оказалась трагичной . Isiphetho yokugcina sasidabukisa. него с детства были проблемы со здоровьем , поэтому большую часть своей жизни он провел в лечебницах. esengumntwana ayenezinkinga zempilo, ngakho cishe konke ukuphila kwakhe ayihlala izibhedlela. Kungenzeka, ngoba lokhu, umndeni akakwazi, uma kungenzeka size siye kwamanye amazwe. Lapho Levi Isaka waboshwa wathunyelwa eKazakhstan, lapho Dovber ukuthola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kabakubonanga, elibonakala kunzima kakhulu endleleni, kwanqunywa ukuthi ingane abayophila laseDnepropetrovsk. Phakathi nempi, yaxoxela isiphetho amaJuda amaningi   его расстреляли фашисты . - edutshulwa amaJalimane angasiboni.

Kodwa-Israyeli Aryeh Leib waba sezibalo. Ngemva inguquko wathuthela ePalestine, bese eNgilandi, lapho ayehlala khona lonke iminyaka yakhe.

Rostov

Ngo-1923 Menachem Mendel waya Rostov, lapho kwaba nomhlangano, mhlawumbe umhlangano obaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni kwakhe. Wahlangana nge Yosef Isaka Schneerson (the Lubavitcher Rebbe 6th). Ebambisene nomkhaya wakhe ngo-1927, ubona sengathi urabi wayeshiye eRussia, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emibili washada indodakazi Warsaw Hae-Musa. Umbhangqwana osanda kushada lisuswe kusuka Warsaw ukuze Berlin.

Berlin

Kamuva ekuphileni Lubavitcher Rebbe izifundo e-University of Berlin. Njengoba sekunama-amaNazi Schneerson ephoqeleka ukuba ashiye izindlela University of Heidelberg, lapho afundela khona nefilosofi nezibalo ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Paris

Lo mbhangqwana ngo-1933 bathuthela eJalimane aya e-Paris. Le nsizwa yahamba ku ukufunda shipbuilding ikhono Sorbonne, lapho amukelwa khona diploma.

United States

Namuhla, abaningi ividiyo ajwayelekile njengoba Lubavitcher Rebbe singing. Khona-ke insizwa bazama ukuqhubeka bephila. Ngemva uchungechunge kwezimo kanye ngempela umphenyi adventure 1941, Schneerson ambalwa waphenduka ukugijima France US-matasa, lapho ngaleso sikhathi lase zihleliwe kakade umukhwe wakhe, Rabi Yosef Isaka.

Lapha Rabi kulindeleke ukuba bahlanganyele shipbuilding - imisebenzi yakhe okhokhelwayo. Okwesikhathi esithile empeleni wahlanganyela ukwakhiwa ngwenya kwi enkanjini. Unobhala wakhe wathi ubona sengathi urabi kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe wathola izinkokhelo ngenxa kuye ngoba ezintsha yakhe emkhakheni shipbuilding. Nakuba uyise abadumile emthethweni waphikelela ngokuthi urabi kwaholela Lubavitch inhlangano enkulu   -   образовательных учреждений ХаБаДа, Мерказ Леиньяней Хинух , издательство "Кегот" и благотворительную организацию "Махане Исраэль". izikhungo zemfundo Centre Chabad, Merkaz Leinyaney Chinuch, ukushicilela "Kegot" futhi uthando "Mahane Israyeli."

Ngo-1950 uJosefa Isaka Schneersohn (6th Lubavitcher Rebbe) wafa. Ngakho, umbuzo esikhundleni. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngaphambi AMAHASID kwadingeka akhethe phakathi ezimbili zyatyami urabi. Umyeni ka indodakazi endala of Rabi Shmarya Gurary kwaba inhloko yalawa Lubavitch Yeshiva. Zonke neminyaka ayichitha mayelana ukuhlolwa kanye wayesengaba esikhundleni sakhe. Rabi Menachem Mendel njengoba ukuphetha wemfanelo omkhulu esinjalo abamfunanga. Wayemelela a isizukulwane ezahlukene: usosayensi, owaphothula Sorbonne, engabanikazi bephephandaba izilimi zaseYurophu. Yosef Isaka ngale ndaba akuwenzanga iziqondiso ezicacile. Nakuba lasikisela izikhathi eziningana ukuthi ungathanda ukubona njengoba ngundlalifa kwezinsuku ezingeziningi indodana encane emthethweni.

abe urabi

urabi Ikusasa waphenduka ngokunamandla ngokumelene isiphakamiso ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa esihlalweni. Waze watshela AMAHASID, ahlukumeze kuye ukuthi wayengeke abe ukushiya lapha, ukuqeda iziphakamiso aluhlaza cwe. eyodwa kuphela ukuthi babengeke benqabe amaJuda   в поддержке и совете. - usizo nezeluleko. Ngu indodana umdala emthethweni futhi Chassidim yakhe zathuthelekela nezicelo kanye nemibuzo. Lokhu kwaba uvivinyo ezinhle izicelo. Ngemva koMkhandlu elilandelayo Rabi Shmarov wathi afuna ukuthi ube Hasid nomfowabo Kulokhu-ke ucela ukuthi imisebenzi ubona sengathi urabi. Kodwa le nsizwa, futhi kwakungenele. Ngonyaka ngosuku okwenzeka ngalo kuqala kusukela ngosuku ukuhamba kuleli zwe, Rabi Yosef Isaka indodana yakhe encane emthethweni empeleni urabi entsha.

Ngesikhathi ubuholi bakhe wakwazi ukuletha abantu abaningi ukuba enkolweni yobuJuda kunabaningi zonke ehlanganiswe isizukulwane samanje abaholi. Kugcine (7) soMthetho Lubavitcher Rebbe wasebenzisa izindlela inoveli ngokuphelele, ngaphambili engakaze izwakale ngani ezinhlanganweni abangamaJuda. Wasebenzisa, kubonakala yonke amathuba ubuchwepheshe, ithonya kwezenhlalo, abezindaba ukuze uphumelele kusho inzuzo. Ngaphandle Kwegazi, befa ukunyakaza Hasidic baba ithonya elinamandla, aba nethonya elikhulu esiyitholayo izigidi zabantu. I Rebbe wakwazi ukwakha inethiwekhi igatsha elikhulu emhlabeni wonke Chabad.

Israyeli

Abaningi bazibuza ukuthi kungani ubona sengathi urabi akazange ukuthuthela Israyeli ngoba zokuhlala unomphela. Lolu udaba kwaba sobala ngenxa yothando lwakhe ezweni isithakazelo izenzakalo ezenzeka lapho.

Lo magazini futhi ubona sengathi urabi yazibuza ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa. Ngolunye usuku, wathi esazi ukuthi ezinye inkulumo mayelana lula, ngobunye kweJerusalema, iqhele ku Eastern Parkway. Kuphela njalo umJuda has ezweni lakwa-Israyeli ifa lakhe. Lonke ukholo yamaJuda ezihlobene nale zwe.

Umbuzo wesibili: kunganjani uye zonke bukhoma. Israyeli njalo ukuza kumaJuda ayeHlakazekile, lapho ecela usizo lokuxazulula izinkinga ezihlukahlukene nge lephalamende ezithile noma ukuthonya isikhulu esithile sikahulumeni ukuze waqala ukuzizwa engcono mayelana lizwe. Rebbe wafuna Israyeli zaziyiminyaka izinzuzo esiphezulu ngemindeni nezingane eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu ngamunye wakwazi ukubhala incwadi eya Lubavitcher Rebbe.

Umyalezo ovela Rebbe

Uma uzama ukuchaza amagama ambalwa umlayeto lomcoka we Rebbe emhlabeni, cishe uyobe obangela konke ngomJuda ukuba abantu bamaJuda. Akunandaba kuleli cala, ubani le ndoda futhi siyini isimo esingokomoya. Akekho umuntu ngaye ungasho, "Farfalle", noma "zinyamalale." AmaJuda angenalo ilungelo noma yimuphi umuntu ukuba ningazinaki. Ukuze wenze lokhu, le Rebbe ka Chabad wadala umbuso, futhi wathumela amanxusa, ngisho nasezindaweni lapho kwakukhona amaJuda ambalwa kakhulu.