Sergey Salle futhi ayenawo kwezesayensi

Ezingaphezu kwezingxenye ezintathu isayensi yesimanje leminyaka eba, futhi ngamunye igatsha lawo igcina izimfihlakalo zayo kanye izimfihlakalo. Akukhona njalo usosayensi isikulungele ukukhuluma ngqo mayelana imibono nezinkolelo zabo. Uma cabanga ngokujulile izingobe ukuthi ziyafihleka emehlweni indoda ozihambela emigwaqeni, luyakhula eziningi amaqiniso nemininingwane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi sphere lwesayensi okunye okucishe kufane ukuze esiqintini lobugebengu isinyathelo movie kuka empilweni yangempela. Kodwa kunabantu emhlabeni namuhla, ukulungele ngqo ukuchaza nokushintshashintsha ezithile emlandweni nesayensi, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukugxekwa ukulahlwa. Sall Sergei Albertovich - linjalo igama lakhe. Phakathi nenkonzo yakhe yokuba yesayensi, akalitholanga AMANGA eyodwa bese zifakwa kubo ngokungesabi, enganqeniswa nobunzima.

Sergey Salle: Biography

Imininingwane mayelana nalo muntu abambalwa. Sergey Salle kuyinto likaprofesa, ozobhapathizwa physical sciences ne-zezibalo. Wafundiswa leti, okwathi ngemva kwalokho wangena umfundi eziqu at Goi bese wafunda zobudokotela Petersburg State University. Phakathi amakhono akhe - "Physical Electronics" futhi "yokukhanya".

Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kuka-16 iminyaka ubefundisa parallel nenhlalakahle umsizi usihlalo Petersburg RFO. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi eminyakeni emibili Sall Sergei Albertovich kwaba Physical Umphakathi uNobhala.

umsebenzi

Sergei Albertovich i-akhawunti eyodwa umbiko yokuvela kwezinto ezintsha abavubukuli, ngokomzimba namalimi wemiphakathi. Kodwa umsebenzi wakhe akugcini, usosayensi ithinta izindawo eziningi sphere ngokwesayensi. Wayengumuntu njalo umatasa lokuqoqa amaqiniso nokwatholakala ukuthi isayensi yesimanje ayiboni, kodwa ososayensi abaningi ukuqinisekisa ubuqiniso idatha. Singasho ukuthi Sergei Salle wanikela ukuphila kwakhe ukuveza izimfihlo nemikarisomraro ye isayensi yesimanje futhi umphakathi ulwazi baby rasta y. Omunye umsebenzi we Usosayensi ngokucophelela umsebenzi kohlaziyo mayelana eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma physics elayisha abakwazi ukuchaza lokhu noma lowo mkhuba ngokuphelele, noma ungabonisi wonke isithombe okwenzekayo.

Icebo lika yesayensi

Ngokusho ososayensi, abaningi imihlola ngokomzimba, wavula ngokusemthethweni ekhulwini elidlule, eqinisweni, ziye wafunda kudala kakhulu kunalokho. Yena okholwa ukuthi abaningi idatha umane ngicashela emphakathini: abachithile, angasulwa izincwadi kanye nezinye izincwadi. Yileyo indlela ukwenza umbuso yangempela imfihlo, okuyinto kakhulu lehla isayensi edlule. Sergey Sall ukholelwa ukuthi indima ebaluleke kakhulu kule Ukuhamba ophoqelelwe kusukela kunqubomgomo yangaphambilini ye isayensi kudlalwa theory ka-Einstein ye kwezinto. Ngemva kokuvela ngaphambi imfundiso yokuziphendukela ether kungenzeka kakhulu siguqula yesayensi yanamuhla, kodwa singashi ngempela umhlaka pigeonholed, ayizange wakhumbula ngaphambi kokuphela ngeminyaka yoma kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho ke waqala ukuba Doctor of Technical Sciences V Atsukovsky.

Okwamanje, ososayensi abaningi ibe okungenani kulahlwa ulwazi lwabo esisebenzayo mayelana sphere ezahlukene yesayensi, kodwa, ngezizathu ezithile abakwazi ukuzisebenzisa sokuthuthukisa umhlaba. Ngo-mbono, Fusion abandayo noma torsion ubuchwepheshe lakheka ngokubizwa atholakale kuwo wonke umuntu. Ngokusho Sergei Salle, ngaphandle uphethiloli zamandla lalivulwa bafakwa ukuphila kwethu eminyakeni eminingi edlule.

Ongaziwa okusungulile elihlakaniphile

Ngokusho Sergei Salle, izincwadi eziningi mayelana emoyeni, kulotshiwe eminyaka th 18-19, zigcwele ulwazi yesimanje. Kodwa zonke lezi anemininingwane indiva ngesayense olusemthethweni, futhi ngenxa yalokho kwadingeka akunamthelela ekukhuleni komphakathi kanye umkhakha iyonke. Sergey Albertovich Salle, ogama biography is kuhlangene yini ezindabeni acabanga unaka ngokukhethekile umbono wolwazi lokuziphendukela abazalwane Bernoulli. Sikhuluma isiponji vortex ikuvumela ukubheka indlela amagagasi transverse kungaba asakaze e konemimoya gaseous. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi laba bazalwane abalandeli aphakathi zesayensi kanye zezibalo, kodwa le misebenzi bese nya hhayi kunakwe.

Lokhu kusebenza imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwezinto. Iqiniso lokuthi uE = mc ^2, eyaziwa kusukela ngekhulu le-19, lapho sifundo saqhutshwa ester asebenzayo. Izincwadi theory wabonakala ngo-1872, futhi ifomula alethwe physics Russian Nikolay Umov, kodwa uma inguquko iphelile, kule formula lususiwe kusukela zonke abezindaba atholakalayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Sergey Salle futhi ubona revolution yangempela emlandweni futhi lalicabanga ukuthi lesi bhalisiwe isenzo, setha emuva ukuthuthukiswa impucuko iminyaka eyikhulu.

Imfundiso yokuziphendukela ether ngenxa ososayensi abaningi kusukela ekuqaleni 70 uqale ukuvusa. Emuva Eighties, emhlabeni kwakukhona incwadi ebizwa ngokuthi "etherodynamics obuphelele". Wawuthi yi physics esidumile J. Atsyukovsky.

Ngesisekelo isayensi ukufihla

Ukufihla ubufakazi besayensi akukusha impucuko yethu. Ngokwesibonelo, ezikhathini zasendulo, nolwazi olukhethekile kwadingeka kuphela abapristi alchemy. Ngisho nalapho ngenkathi ukuphrinta izincwadi, ulwazi usazama ukuzifihla esiphezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, Newton okuningi kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo ezihlobene Alchemy, wayifihla. Iqiniso lokuthi kukhona ubuhlobo njalo phakathi imiqondo ezifana ulwazi oluyimfihlo kanye nesayensi, uSergei Salle enokuzethemba ngokuphindaphindiwe wagomela lokhu kaningi emibhalweni yakhe.

Isizathu esiyinhloko wafihla idatha yesayensi babé izithakazelo izakhiwo ezempi kanye commercial. Bonke ososayensi kumelwe angase abhekane esigabeni kolwazi, ngesikhathi Isikhwama yakhe Ungangenela izinzuzo ezengeziwe ezivela isimo, ngakho ukukhuluma, ngoba ukungakhulumi kwakhe. Njalo declassified abanye isipiliyoni ucwaningo emkhakheni wezesayensi nobuchwepheshe ke ngempumelelo enkulu zenzeka. Ithi Sergey Salle, ogama biography ixhunyiwe yokusesha nokudalulwa izimfihlakalo isayensi. Ngokwesibonelo, intuthuko enjalo ngokuphathelene informatics ne-hydrogen amandla, imininingwane eminingi lapho avuleka muva. Ngokusho Sergei Salle, umlando sangempela sesintu Kwakonakele kude phambili, uma konke okutholakele kungukuthi indiva noma ngamabomu ngendlela thize.

Commerce and Science

Uma ukudalula izimfihlo zokuhweba kukhona kungenzeka eqinile ukuthi ayitholwa ehoxa izimpilo zabahlali abavamile. Ngakho, kuyoba ukwandisa nokuthuthukisa emakethe, futhi izimpahla ku-counter kuzokhulisa ukwehlukana kwayo. Ngokusho Sall Sergei Albertovich, biography kanye ogama imisebenzi zihlobene izimfihlakalo isayensi, uma usosayensi yena efihla Imininingwane wakhetha, efuna ukuletha isayensi eduze yokujama tsi. Igcine ke phezulu kwangqingetshe, ekuthuthukiseni izindawo lutho noma eyingozi. Ngakho kukhona ukusetshenziswa okusezingeni eliphezulu wezisebenzi kanye nemithombo yezimali liphuphe. Njengoba isibonelo, usosayensi ehola esikhoselweni noma falsification yolwazi, okuyinto zazitholakala ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule. Umlando ubonisa ukuthi lokhu kuye kwaholela ezinguqukweni ezinkulu isayensi yezinto zemvelo. Esinye sezici ehlaselwe lezi amaqhinga, wathi Sergei Salle ngaphandle uphethiloli ubuchwepheshe.

Ekuqaleni revolution isayensi

Kukholakala ukuthi ekuqaleni revolution emlandweni wesayensi, Einstein aqala ukunyatheliswa ngo-1905. Yilokho lapho etshela abezindaba Quanta ukukhanya futhi inkolelo-mbono wokuhlobana kwezinto. Izwe lonke maduze yagxila lokhu nososayensi. Siyabonga leyo nkulumo-ze enamandla nokuba lula lokho ayekucabanga, i-physics weza ngokuphelele ezingeni elisha, wayeka ngokuphelele sokunaka imisebenzi ngaphambili. Esikhathini forties kwekhulu elidlule, lokhu isayensi cishe kwakhiwa.

Ngemva kwalokho, izisekelo physics entsha, uhulumeni wanquma ukungabe ukulondoloza isikhathi esingenasiphelo. Manje umsebenzi oyinhloko abalobi izincwadi ziye ubhalwe kabusha kubo. Uma kwakukhona nokunxusa inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela okhethekile wokuhlobana kwezinto, imisebenzi yonke ososayensi omkhulu, isiqondiso okuyinto hydrodynamics ka-ether, sasizikhohlwa ukuhlehlisile pigeonholed. Sergey Salle, ngolwazi imfihlo zazo zihlanganisa ulwazi mayelana nalo, phendla emhlabeni eziningi amaqiniso ezibe nzima ukuqagela. Ngokumangalisayo uhlanekezelwe zibalo uMaxwell sika, imithetho Newton , nokuningi. zesayensi eziningi zanamuhla manje kuphela oqanjiwe ulwazi, ngoba ngisho nencazelo yalo ngokomzimba wasonteka.

revolution Quantum-relativistic

Ngenxa zonke lezi falsifications nekhava-ups kwakukhona revolution yangempela. Kukholakala ukuthi isayensi yanamuhla lisekelwe imiqondo quantum, okungukuthi, konke kuncike imithetho physics ijubane nezinhlayiyana.

Kodwa iyiphi uchwepheshe uyazi ukuthi quantum Mechanics akusho mbeni the classic. Isikhathi esining impela e izincwadi zingatholakala ku kokuma ukuthi lokhu nokushintshashintsha kuze angalungiseki. Ngisho ezinye isayensi yanamuhla kwesibalo izibonelo ngokuphelele, etholakala ngaphambili.

Ukushintsha ifomula

Amabili physics British - D. Fitzgerald futhi Heaviside - kwadingeka ukuhlola sina ngo-1883, bazama okunye esikhundleni ephelele wona lama-derivatives isikhashana esinqunyiwe zibalo umehluko uMaxwell mayelana ekwazi ukumelana namandla omoya. Lokhu Ukuhlolwa ungathuli, ngoba ngaleso noyedwa isikhashana we-physics zanamuhla akazi okuqukethwe zibalo yasekuqaleni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bonke uthole imininingwane egcwele ngaloludaba isusiwe ngokuphelele, hhayi kuphela izincwadi ukuze nokunxusa kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela wokuhlobana kwezinto, kodwa ngisho kusukela idatha zomlando. Isizathu salokhu sinqumo isikhashana abalulekile kakhulu: zibalo babengabahwebi kungavumelani theory wokuhlobana kwezinto, njengoba nje kuvamile namanje invariant.

Inwebisa amathuba amafomula

Yokuncishiswa amafomula kungenzeka bandise izinkinga okuyinto zingaxazululwa lezi zibalo. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuthi they are kasibili asihambisani ezihambayo emoyeni, njengoba musa kwezindlu kusekelwe kuyo. Ngamanye amazwi, zibalo yesimanje sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza Site kuphela ether esimweni ethule. Lokhu ukuntula isaziso Heaviside, ngakho wazama ukuqinisekisa lezi zibalo ku-air ezihambayo, bese ngakwazi ukuletha yonke ubudlelwane. Kodwa izwe yabo bazobona igama elehlukile, njengoba zazingase konakalisa ukubukeka isithombe mazombe seragelo ukudalwa TO. zesayensi Abaningi baye amehlo ukuze izinguquko isayensi, futhi akekho oqaphelile ukuthi wephule Newton Okwesithathu Law.

Imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwezinto ayiyona ingxenye ye physics

Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kwayo isimo siba wukuthi ezinsukwini ubudala, izazi zesayensi eziningi wasebenza eceleni. I-Einstein efanayo akazange wazini ngomsebenzi wokuba yi waseBritish, ngoba nje awazi ngesiNgisi. Ngamanye amazwi, bonke ulwazi lwakhe kususelwe izincwadi German kanye isiFulentshi, futhi uthola ezinye izazi zesayensi neze kunakwe. Lorenz - omunye ososayensi ngesisekelo umsebenzi okuyinto Einstein esephetha imfundiso yokuziphendukela, yayisazi idatha ezidingekayo. Kodwa ngoba wayenesithakazelo zezibalo engqondweni, kanye logic ebaluleke kakhulu kuye, akazange azamukele theory uMaxwell sika libhekelele futhi akazange akhulume kubo ngemisebenzi yakhe. Lonke Iphuzu liwukuthi uMaxwell bathandile ukusebenzisa eziyinkimbinkimbi Isifaniso hydromechanical, futhi lokhu abadonsile ukugxekwa.
Nokho, abaningi wagxeka physics kanye Einstein, ngenxa yokuthi wayesebenzisa postulates ezimbili kuphela amafomula, futhi lokhu kunganele ukuba ukusebenza. Usosayensi abakutholanga yini ukuba bahoxe postulates ezimbili. Wazama ukusiza abanye ososayensi, kodwa okutholakele beyingalungile kuthabathela ecaleni zezibalo. Ngakho-ke, singasho kugcwale umlomo ukuthi imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwezinto ngeke kube ingxenye physics.

Ezinganembile ku Maxwell kwesibalo

Lapha kubalulekile ukuze sicacise ukuthi nothayi banamuhla ifomula eqala kusilinganiso esingapheliyo nokuxhumana kukazibuthe kanye elengayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-magnetic Coulomb amandla bese ukuhambisa ngokusebenzisa isikhala ngokushesha kunokuba amagagasi kagesi. Uma sicabangela zibalo uMaxwell sika, la mabutho ukuthuthukisa ijubane lokukhanya e cleaner. Okungukuthi, e konemimoya wave. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuba acabangele ukuthi isikhala wave kanye nomkhathi abayitoho akuzona okulingana. Uma ukuchaza ngamazwi alula singathi, yonke, la mabutho zizosuka at ijubane lokukhanya emkhathini, bona kakhulu idlule kuwo. Kodwa imfundiso yokuziphendukela Einstein uthi ijubane lokukhanya - nokukhawulela. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka nombono classical physics zibalo kanye ucwaningo olwenziwa. Ngamanye amazwi, bonke kunemibono yanamuhla isikhala, isikhathi, imicimbi, nokunye - kungcono kumane kuyiphupho, okuyinto alihambisani imithetho physics classical.