Pushkin Aphathimenti Museum (Moika, 12)

Umlando wokuphila nokufa imbongi omkhulu Russian ngangihlala njalo ngithanda e abalandeli bakhe eziningi. Yenza wayeyisazi isithonjana, noma ukubona ngaye njengendoda enokholo - lokuzikhethela kumuntu ngamunye kithi. Ngokuba esigabeni sesibili, kukhona Pushkin Museum Petersburg.

izindlu Kugcine

indlu siqu noma ifulethi Petersburg, Pushkin wayengekho. Mansion phezu Moika Embankment, 12, eduze kwebhuloho Stables, enomnikazi Prince Volkonsky - bona futhi imbongi ngathatha amakamelo 11, okuyinto waxosha nomkhaya wakhe ngo-September 1836.

Lokhu efulethini kwaba isiphephelo lokugcina imbongi: ayephila lapha izinyanga ezingaba yisihlanu kuphela. Izindonga zendlu, okuyinto manje Pushkin Aphathimenti Museum (Moika, 12), ngiye ngazibonela idrama Kuyadabukisa ukuthi kwabangela ukufa imbongi omkhulu Russian. Elambulala duel yena, wafa lapha 10 Februwari 1837, ngokuyala umkakhe ukugcina ulilela iminyaka emibili bese uzoshada indoda ehloniphekile.

Ngokusho ubufakazi eziningi, uthukuthele umkakhe imbongi engayekanga: wayehlale mnene naye uye wafuna njalo ukuvikela. Yena touchingly wanakekela umyeni wakhe kwaze kwaba amahora bokugcina bokuphila kwakhe. Kwase kuzoqala igagasi inzondo futhi ahlulelwa, wamshaya wentombi ngemva kokufa imbongi, wayengadukile neze emfanele.

elide Museum

Imicimbi ye zinyanga zokugcina zokuphila futhi uzinikele esichasiselweni, okuyinto indlela elalihluke ngokuphelele olunameva. Iqiniso lokuthi usuku olulodwa eyovulwa kuleli kheli elilandelayo: Sink, 12-efulethini Pushkin Museum, ngalezo zinsuku kwakungekho muntu owayazi. Ngokushesha ngemva kokufa izinto eziningi kangaka zinikelwe kubangani bakhe nomndeni, futhi lo mkhaya uthuthela a Manor angadle ngabuhle obutheni.

Inxuluma Volkonskiis langena abaqashile entsha. Ngemva 1900 ke sashintshwa saba indlu efulethini (indawo isibalo esikhulu sezithunjwa izivakashi), futhi ngemva inguquko ka-1917, kwaba embusweni ngokuhlanganyela. Abaningi izinto zasekhaya kanye nempahla abangu irretrievably elahlekile.

Imizamo Sekuyisikhathi eside ezama ukuba ahlele Pushkin Museum. Sink, 12 - ikheli, okuyinto enhle salokhu. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, Pushkin House yasungulwa ngaleso Imperial Academy of Sciences, okuyinto wabelwa umsebenzi ukuqoqa izinto ezenziwe ngesandla zihlakazeke. abasebenzi saso sasingeke owathenge umzukulu umtapo imbongi (3,700 amavolumu) - ke manje amelwe Museum. Ngamunye wethu wayeqhuba ukuxoxisana Paris fan Pushkin (njengoba sasithi namuhla, umlandeli). Wabahlanganisela endlini yakhe iqoqo umxhwele izinto abazidingayo, Autographs, ekumeni imbongi nomkhaya wakhe. Lezi zinto ziye zaqala ukubuyela ekhaya kuphela okukhona emva kokufa ngalendoda sika, ngo-1925.

uhlamvu ngohlamvu

Abasebenzi Museum - Zabathanda wangempela ibhizinisi. Konke abebengakwenza ukuthola izimali ezihlukahlukene, sebuqoqiwe ngokucophelela. Ubufakazi lokusinda imibhalo ukubeka efulethini lapho Pushkin Museum (Moika, 12), abuyiselwe kuze kufike kungenzeka ezimweni yesimanje.

Ezinye izinto ngempela kuyagcinwa. Esikhathini eydijithali imele carafe ka irubi ingilazi, lapho imbongi igcinwe Madeira esithandayo, futhi eduze ethreyini - izinsalela spoon esiliva umndeni ladle. Ahambisana Naleli ingilazi ungabona ihembe ezincane, okuyinto wabhapathizwa indodana imbongi, futhi insalela indwangu, okuyinto zambozwa izindonga (lodonga ngalezo zinsuku wayengazange wayekwenza).

Nge uthando olukhethekile kudlalwa isifundo kanye nomtapo imbongi. Lapha-ke umelwe izincwadi ezingaphezu kuka-4 ayizinkulungwane, okuyinto wabuthanisa yena, kanye nomunye kweshumi ezinkulungwane ezincwadi ngezilimi ezingu-17.

Londoloza futhi ngokubhala edeskini Pushkin, intandokazi "uVoltaire" kusofa yakhe emnyama pink Upholstery, umzimba kanye nenkemba, abangane isipho. Omunye umbukiso, okuyinto kufanele uyaziqhenya Pushkin Museum (Petersburg, Moika, 12), - intandokazi imbongi inkwell ehlotshisiwe arapchonka sibalo ku ibhulukwe segolide kanye Ipiki. Alexander yena wayeziqhenya imisuka yakhe, ungalokothi uphuthelwe ithuba ukugcizelela izici sici Ingaphandle, ngakho trinket ethanda.

ngepeni kwangempela ke esiqhutshwa izandla, afakwe ebhokisini uphawu ngekhava esobala. Ngokusobala, ubambelele "magic" Kumile kwakukhona comers eziningi.

Isifundo kaKesari

Kukhona ehhovisi kanye izinti ezimbalwa ngalo Pushkin uhambo yonkana kwebhuloho yenhloko-dolobha enyakatho. Phakathi kwabo - intandokazi yakhe, benziwe ngoqalo, nge inkinobho esikhundleni uPetru mina inkinobho. Ngokuphambene nalokho imbongi watshela ezikoleni Soviet, kwakungenjalo okuningi ukulwa emelene tsarism. Futhi le nkosi zenza izenzo zonya ngaphezu kokulinganisa - kuya ababusi Soviet , wayengumuntu kude kakhulu.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi Pushkin, ngenkathi lapho esezokufa, wabuza Nicholas Ngiyaxolisa Duel futhi wathola impendulo nomusa isibopho hhayi ukushiya ukhohlwe imbongi umndeni. Inothi igcina phakathi nemibukiso yayo Pushkin Museum. Sink, 12 - ikheli lokugcina imbongi, ngakho ukuthi le ncwadi esikhundleni.

isithembiso saKhe, ngasendleleni, umbusi igcinwe, kanjalo futhi isishiya esiyindilinga esisha inhlebo indaba yakhe Natalia Nikolaevna (ngubani kuphela lona wesifazane phakade wakhulelwa kodwa engaboshiwe). Ngokusobala, ilungelo Monica Bellucci, bethi abantu ongathethelela ingqondo womuntu, ngisho ithalente, kodwa hhayi ubuhle.

Esichasiselweni Museum

Phakathi ziphephile kukhona lelimcoka esaphila ekumeni imbongi nabantu bangesikhathi sakhe, zaveza ngabaculi abadumile Russian. lekubukana nemfundzi ngamunye, zabalingiswa abadwebi abadumile - Aivazovsky, Repin, Myasoedova nabanye abazinikezele isihloko Pushkin ..

Manje Pushkin Museum (Moika, 12) sicuketse 9 amakamelo. Ngezansi, ku elisezansi, amakamelo amabili abazinikele kuvulwa umbukiso yesikhumbuzo - Umhlahlandlela wethula izivakashi ezinyangeni zokugcina zokuphila imbongi sika, ne uchungechunge lwezenzakalo amyisa eMfuleni Black. Lapha ungabona incwadi yokuqala engaziwa okuhlukumezayo okwakukhona Pushkin (futhi ebheka khona ukuthi wathumela kuye Dantes), le imizuzwana ekumeni, shayela Ngokwesibonelo (futhi izimo umdlalo), kanye pair of pistols dueling.

Esichasiselweni Museum yakhiwe okunengqondo: drama ezibalweni kusukela ihholo ukuze ihholo futhi iphela egunjini elilodwa elincane, lapho bema lomngcwabo nendikimba imbongi oshonile. Safika lapha ukuze ngithi goodbye kuye abalandeli abaningi, kukhona imaski ukufa, a locket ukukhiywa izinwele imbongi. Isicelo esinjalo engavamile uzwakalise Turgenev - Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe (Moika, 12) ubonisa inothi yakhe, owawuthi izinwele yayingasebenzi ngosuku lwesibili ngemva kokufa imbongi ukuze valet yakhe, ngaleyo ndlela wathola igolide. Against okuphambene odongeni, ngemuva ingilazi, ungabona ivesti futhi igilavu ezimhlophe, ngalolo ihlumela Alexander.

Isizathu sokuba Duel

Mangisho ukuthi yonke indaba ka-duel akuyona elula ngakho futhi kwendikimba, njengoba kuchazwe abafundi. Indima Natalya Nikolaevna emlandweni edabukisayo ezinye hotheads esichazwa njengesono negative, kodwa, ngokuvumelana eziningi izici ababephila ngesikhathi, yayingowesifazane obukeka ethule, ukunganaki lingaphumi, avalele izinkanyezi. Phakathi ukuzalwa "esivunguvungwini romance" nge Dantes Goncharova waphinda alindele ukuba nengane - futhi ekhulelwe wabe neze kamnandi.

Mhlawumbe isimo Pushkin ukuthonywa isimo emhlabeni: umkakhe esingu isinyenyela a vortex insinuations ezingcolile ukuthi wazizwa ebophekile ukuba ayasabela.

Amaqiniso kanye Izinganekwane

An ukuhlambalaza engaziwa ukuthi ithole Pushkin futhi abathile kubangane bakhe, lapho imbongi wabizwa ngokuthi "cuckold", baba isizathu juqu for duel. Alexander kuchasiselwe ngubani owabhala Heeckeren abasha, kodwa imbangela yangempela lungaqalwa kuze kube yilolu suku. wokuphila eziningi wande version.

Abanye abasolwa kulesi sigameko Idalia Poletika (umzala yesibili umzala Natalia Nikolaevna). Zwi yena wathandana d'Anthes, a Pushkin ukuzikhohlisa wakhonza oceba ikhava, okuyiwona imbongi ngokungabi nabulungisa ikhokhwe.

Okunye "bavumelana" izinguqulo zazo kokuzikhohlisa Heeckeren kwaba ngiyinhloli lesinye isizwe, futhi Pushkin uhlaziyo ukuqeda ke, ngoba bekwenziwa isevisi imfihlo.

uthemba ochwepheshe

Ukuze uzwe inguqulo anokuhambisana sigameko kusukela izindebe ochwepheshe, baye ekhelini: Moika 12. Aphathimenti Pushkin baba endaweni yakhe yokugcina yokuphumula, okuningi ukutshela umuntu ukulungele nesikulalelayo. Kuqondisa emnyuziyamu njengabawufanelekele udumo. Lodwa, mncane impela, izinkambo ngakho ngokuyisisekelo wakhonza.

Ngenxa yalokho, i-okukhulu olulodwa, okuyinto yasungulwa ngo Pushkin Museum (Moika, 12), isithombe ziphephile, okuyinto zitholakala egumbini, awukwazi ukubona ngezisetshenziswa abaningi inthanethi - lapha izithombe akuvunyelwe. Ngamanye amakamelo kokusebenzisa ikhamera noma ikhamera uvunyelwe, ke kuyodingeka ukuthi bakhokhe imali njé kulezi zinsuku.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe usebenza nsuku zonke kusuka isigamu yelishumi ekuseni kuze lesithupha ntambama, off - ngoLwesibili. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ehhovisi ithikithi ivulwa kuze kushaye 17:00, emva kwalesi sikhathi ngaphakathi ayisekho khona, ngakho hlelani umkhankaso kangcono ekuseni.