Onxiwankulu - kummeleli esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo. Kungani kusetshenziswa igama elithi "WiMP" usezuze ngomqondo ongathandeki?

"Awu, bonke ixhaphozi ngobala-wobunxiwankulu owawancela!" - kusho Heroine we ifilimu abadumile. Ngo wakhe amazwi undisguised ukubhuqa nokwedelelwa. Onxiwankulu - a besigaba, okuyinto yayikhona kuze 1917. Indoda yayisebenza kanzima, egcina umthetho, reveres yimuli. Kungani leli zwi bathola isetshenziswe ngomqondo ongathandeki?

etymology

"Onxiwankulu" - igama abadabuka kwamanye amazwe. Lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu elithi Polish - isakhamuzi emzini. Enkulumweni Russian elithi weza ngekhulu lesikhombisa. Phakathi nokubusa Alexei Mikhailovich zonke Polish kwaba vogue. "Onxiwankulu" - umqondo ngokuqinile ensconced nasezinkingeni zethu, hhayi kuphela e-lulwimi lolukhulunywako, kodwa futhi amagama zezombusazwe kanye zomthetho.

abantu edolobheni

Ekhulwini lesikhombisa ubuso olungavikelekile kakhulu ngomqondo zomthetho futhi zokuziphatha kwaba Umthengisi. Lokhu okwakwenqatshelwe ukuba abeke egcekeni lalo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "omnyama idolobha indoda." Futhi waphakamisela yakhe babhaxabulwa ku ezitebeleni ngokuba icala kancane. Nokho, kwakukhona namanje abalimi. Kodwa lokhu engxoxweni ehlukile.

Uma gentry Russian ekhulwini lesikhombisa, wacelwa ukuba ukhethe igama elifanayo elithi "Burgers," akazange angabaze ukuba wathi Inkulumo ayinhlamba "abamnyama abantu emzini." Kwakukhona enye inketho, ivumelane ngaphezulu - ". Bendawo"

Ukuba khona sonxiwankulu abancane eRussia anobuthi izimali kanye nemisebenzi. Abanye abantu bakuleli dolobha babecindezeleké ngakho esesimweni esinjalo wezasekhaya ukuthi avunyelwe izikebhe zabo, waya emaphandleni, lapho engena izigqila.

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-Peter ekilasini wobunxiwankulu ezikhonjwe zezentengiselwano ezimbili. Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa kubaphathi bebhange, abathengisi, odokotela, osokhemisi, Jewelers. Esesibili - artisan, abanikazi emathaveni abameleli nezinye ubuchwepheshe kancane ohlonishwayo.

Lapho uCatherine II

Okwakushiwo "Umthengisi" kwachazwa Empress in idokhumenti. UCatherine II ngokuthi kulesi sigaba sama-izakhamuzi ekilasini Russian phakathi. Ziyakwazi futhi abalimi nabakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esigabeni eningiliziwe abasesigabeni esiphakathi yadalwa. Ngokuvamile, ukuphila kwabo ngaphansi Catherine baba, ngakwazi ukukhuthazela. Baze sabizwa ngokuthi "efanele amaFilisti edolobheni."

Zadalelwa futhi wayekhona ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amabili ubudala yasekuqaleni burgher umphakathi. Amalungu izinhlangano ezifana banemithwalo yemfanelo namalungelo athile.

Ezikhathini zanamuhla,

ekilasini Onxiwankulu linomlando omude. Sunset libhekisela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, lapho igama elithi "nezazi" ngolimi Russian. Okuningi ngokunembile, igama elithi eladabuka ngisemncane kakhulu. Kodwa abantu abangamaHimba kulesi sigaba, wavela ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX.

Nezihlakaniphi abathandanga bendawo, ememeza "AmaFilisti", "abanikazi." Kulezi mazwi, kubonakala akukho okungalungile. Nokho, kwabonakala ngesikhathi namandla baseSoviet umqondo walo nakancane injabulo jikelele. Imibono yamaKhomanisi Onxiwankulu kuwo akaphenduli. Leli yizwi kanye yabangela nenhlonipho, cishe sekube izwi ezingcolile.

"Le Onxiwankulu Gentilhomme"

Analogue Russian of Umthengisi eYurophu - onxiwankulu. Ummeleli we lesi sigaba futhi uhlobo phakathi amakilasi aphansi kanye ukhomba ngophakathi. Kodwa uma abalimi, yena ngokwakhe akazange abhale ezisheshayo, by nezicukuthwane futhi silwele ujoyine. Kule ndaba, Moliere wabhala comedy.

I hero wemidlalo French uzama ngibe njengomuntu Aristocrat. Nokho, ukungazi mbumbulu oyisiphukuphuku bonakalisa ke. Umbhali ubiza burgher Costumed "e plumes waboleka."

comedy Moliere akasiyena kwezenhlalo ngokwemvelo. Lo msebenzi okukhulu usulu, ngaphezu kwakho konke, imikhuba emibi abantu. Kodwa iqiniso lokuthi igama elithi "WiMP" usezuze ngomqondo ongathandeki, hhayi indima sokugcina eyadlalwa iqhawe odumile we comedy.

Ezikhathini zanamuhla

Asho namuhla igama elithi "onxiwankulu ngobala"? Ukuchaza amagama afana inganikelwa kanje: abantu ongaphakeme isiko bokusungula, ukhathazekile nasekutholeni izinto, elingenalo umuzwa yokuba nesibopho emphakathini.

Philistinism ekukhulumeni namuhla ubizwa nangokuthi ukunambitheka embi. Le ndlela esiqonda ngayo kwegama elithi esaphakama ngoba ukuhlakanipha okungokwesiko ukuthi amalungu amaningi lesi sigaba ekhulwini weshumi nesishiyagalombili-nesishiyagalolunye waba nethuba ukuthenga izinto zikanokusho, kodwa engazi ukuthi indlela yokukwenza kwesokudla. "Kunjalo" kulo mongo - kusho ngokuhambisana ukunambitheka ahlukile.

Philistinism ngekhulu xxi

Synonyms kwegama elithi "WiMP" singasebenza njengesisekelo esiqinile sokufinyelela etemibhalo elithi "UmFilisti". Leli gama linezincazelo ithoni ngendelelo. UmFilisti - okuphambene romance. Lo muntu emgwaqweni, okuyinto akanandaba amagugu yobuhle.

Ukubuyela okungekuhle, cishe igama ezingcolile "WiMP", kumelwe kushiwo ukuthi inani layo eliyinhloko ngomqondo wesimanje - inketho ingcebo engokomoya. Leligama libhekisela kubo labo akanandaba izincwadi nezobuciko. Ukuze ngalabo injongo yokuphila yokufuna ingcebo, izingubo. Onxiwankulu - indoda zobugovu, njalo okwesabisayo yabo ezingelutho izinjongo.

Nokho, ngokusho lokhu amagama, emphakathini wanamuhla owande kakhulu ngobuntu nguye kumele kumakwe ngaleli zwi.