Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov: isithombe, ukuphila siqu, ukukhula, imbangela yokufa

Phakathi abalandeli movie namuhla ngempela eyaziwa abadlali abasha Nikita futhi uNikolay Efremov. Okuningi izilaleli eyinkimbinkimbi yalobu oyibamba ka inimitable uyise - Ezigcwalisiwe Umculi Russia Mikhail Efremov.

Ngeshwa, ababukeli abancane kababaningi ujwayelene umsebenzi umsunguli kuletiyetha lwamakhosi - umlingisi kanye nomqondisi ngegama Efremov Oleg Nikolaevich. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, sibonga iminyaka yakhe eminingi umsebenzi ongenabugovu of wesimanje yaseshashalazini isiRashiya kwakuwulimi nje indlela yaziwa futhi baziswa.

Umkhaya Oleg Efremov

Kwazalelwa umlingisi kanye nomqondisi ngo-Okthoba 1927 eMoscow. Ubaba umlingisi - Nikolay Ivanovich Efremov - wamabhuku ezimali, ngakho kwadingeka ngempela uhlamvu pedantic futhi enendodana e zaba namandla kakhulu. Umama - Anna Dmitrievna Efremova. Iningi ebuntwaneni Oleg Efremov labetibambile efulethini ngokuhlanganyela kwi Arbat.

"Criminal" umlingisi ebuntwaneni

Oleg Nikolaevich kusukela ebuntwaneni, kukhona nginesifiso sokuthuthukisa amakhono amasha. Kuphela ekuqaleni ke babonisa ngamacala ahlukahlukene. Iqiniso lokuthi uyise wabelwa ukusebenza ukwakhiwa wesitimela eduze eVorkuta. Umsebenzi wona wawungemubi ezinhle, futhi wathatha umndeni wakhe. Nazi nje Efremov abasha ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula uqale ubungane iziboshwa, ngubani babehilelekile ukwakhiwa wesitimela, futhi ngokushesha waqala ukuba nesithakazelo "izikebhe kumnandi" yabo ngisho wazama enze ukweba eziningana.

A ngomdlandla entsha indodana yakhe ngokushesha proznal uyise esiqinile futhi idluliselwe emuva eMoscow, ukuthatha indodana yakhe nabangane ababi.

abanothando yaseshashalazini

Emuva ngo-dolobha, Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov ngokuzumayo waba nesithakazelo yaseshashalazini. Futhi akayedwa, cishe bonke abafana kusukela egcekeni lenkampani yakhe "ogulayo" of the weshashalazi ngemva baqala ukuvakashela yaseshashalazini club at the House endawo Amaphayona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sibonga ubungane bakhe indodana umbhali edume of "Umninimuzi UMargarita" kanye nabanye abafana ezimbalwa - izihlobo abadlali abadumile, u-Oleg Efremov pretty ngokushesha kwaba cishe wakhe emibuthanweni ezigcawugcawu.

Ngemva kokuqeda esikoleni, u-Oleg nazo zonke ayekanye nawo idrama club sebefake amaphepha eMoscow Art Theatre. Kodwa u-Efrayimi waba nenhlanhla, futhi yilokho akwenza.

Ukutadisha uEfrayimi YaseMoscow Art Theatre School

Njengoba umfundi, u-Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov wazikhandla ukuze abe ephelele ubuciko yaseshashalazini.

Phakathi izifundo zakhe, wajwayelana abanokubukwa ku esebenza Stanislavsky, kuba umsekeli yabo futhi ibagcine abathembekile kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo umlingisi osethe umgomo - ukuba abe umqondisi omkhulu we-Moscow Art Theatre. Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi, lapho namanje ngiyitholile.

Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov eCentral Wezingane Theatre

Ngo-1949, umlingisi waphothula izifundo zakhe eSikoleni. Ngokushesha, wabe esengeniswa Central Wezingane Theatre Efremov Oleg Nikolaevich. Ukuphakama cishe sasiyikhulu namashumi amasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili ukuba mncane awamenzanga ekudlaleni e ukusebenza yezingane futhi njengoba amaningi ayisishiyagalombili iminyaka sokujabulisa izilaleli ngamakhono akhe nokwenza.

Talent nobuholi ikhono ukubeka inhliziyo yakho ibe ngamunye owenza Efrayimi oluthandayo abenzi mafilimu eyayinikeza izindima ikakhulukazi okuholela. Omunye umfanekiso lokuqala ebonakalayo ukuthi kubonisa Efremov Oleg Nikolaevich (ngezansi), Ivan baba inganekwane "I Humpbacked Horse".

Isiyenziwe yaphakama odumile njengoba kumdlali, izihloko iqhawe balithanda ukuqondisa. Eminyakeni eyisithupha ngemva kokufika yamabhayisikobho, wenza DEBUT yakhe kule indima ekukhiqizeni play "Dimka ongabonakali."

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi u-Efrayimi yaseshashalazini babephathwa kahle, washeshe watimisela kuya endaweni yomsebenzi, kusukela kanye nabantu ababecabanga njengami kuhlelwe ukusungula nkundla entsha ebizwa nge "Contemporary".

Efremov futhi "Contemporary"

Njengoba le-oshisekayo umqondo yaseshashalazini zanamuhla Russian of Stanislavsky, Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov, kanye nezinye abadlali ukuthi imibono yayo futhi wasungula nkundla entsha - "Contemporary".

Phakathi "Contemporary" abasunguli ayengabangane abakhulu Efrayimi: Evgeny Evstigneev, Oleg Tabakov, Igor Kvasha, Galina Volchek nezinye abadlali abaningi okuqhubekayo-nomqondo ka isikhathi. Debut zesiteji yamabhayisikobho kwaba play "Alive Phakade", okuyinto ngokushesha yazuza impumelelo nezethameli. Ngemva kwakhe "Contemporary" waba omunye amathiyetha ethandwa kakhulu e-Moscow.

Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yaseshashalazini, Efremov esebeké eziningi izingcezu ezithakazelisayo. Lokhu futhi "The Naked King" Schwartz, futhi "Ngaphandle esiphambanweni!" Ngokusekelwe imisebenzi Tendryakova nokudlala edume "Sirano De Berzherak" futhi abathandwa umqondisi laseChekhov sika "We-seagull."

Kule minyaka edlule kuleli "Contemporary" U-Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov wasiza ukwakha njengoba abaningi abanamakhono abadlali Wabasaqalayo, futhi zizenza play futhi uvumela abaxhasi ukuze senze ukulungisa kwabo indima.

Mat - ukuqaliswa iphupho ezithandwayo zezingoma

ubuholi beqembu, ukuhlola impumelelo "Contemporary", ngo-1970, wanikeza le ithalente abasha ukusithatha edume eMoscow Art Theatre, yona eyaqala ukwenza i abamiswa ezindaweni zabo kakhulu kuleyo minyaka. Naphezu ukwenqena umlingisi kanye nomqondisi ukushiya ingane yami, uthisha wavuma.

Nokho, empeleni sasingeyona ezikhangayo njengoba amaphupho umfundi. Uma "Contemporary" umlingisi collective kwaba umkhaya wangempela, YaseMoscow Art Theatre Efremov wabe esethola yezinyoni yangempela. Maduzane wayekuqonda isizathu - abadlali abaningi kakhulu ubani nje emzimbeni ayikwazanga zonke bangenelele nezingoma kudala nje "ahlale" ngenjongo iholo.

Ngeshwa, u-Oleg Nikolayevich babengenalo igunya ukunqinda lenkampani, ngakho kwakhiwa nkampani emazweni asebenzayo kakhulu nasekuhluphekeni udaba lwabo abadlali. Kule minyaka edlule, uye wakwazi ukunqoba phezu ukuze nkundla yakhe Kalyagin, Smoktunovsky Tatiana Doronin nabanye abaningi. Ngemizamo inhloko entsha ye eMoscow Art Theatre ukusebenza saqala ukuba agqoke ngendlela eyiyo ngempela.

Naphezu impumelelo omkhulu Efrayimi ekubuyiselweni ubukhulu wangaphambilini we-Moscow Art Theatre, wayengasaboni sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo izingobe futhi zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu phakathi abadlali of the weshashalazi. Futhi ngo-1987 ukuhlukaniswa.

Kule minyaka yamuva, umlingisi

Ngemva uqhekeko Oleg Nikolayevich ekugcineni kwadingeka ithuba ukuhlela nkundla entsha ngokuvumelana nezinkolelo zakhe. Kodwa ngenxa yesimo esinzima futhi izinguquko ohlelweni ukubaluleka umphakathi, wayengasakwazi ukufaka loluhlelo ngokuphelele yonke imibono yakhe. Esikhathini nineties zakuqala Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov ukumangala kwabaningi, isithakazelo sekulahlekile yaseshashalazini kanye zonke nineties ufake Imininingwane yamakhonsathi eziyisishiyagalombili. I last abalulekile kwaba zesiteji wakhe wokudlala laseChekhov sika 'Izelamani ezintathu ". Lokhu ukukhiqizwa kwakuwukuphela kwengoma dada zakwa-Efrayimi, omunye umsebenzi wakhe kahle kakhulu eyishumi.

Eminyakeni yamuva ayephila wedwa futhi egula kakhulu Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov. Okwamanje imbangela yokufa umlingisi odumile futhi umqondisi abanamakhono kwakuzwakala ezomile - isikhathi eside wamaphaphu nesifo. Empeleni, lesi sifo kancane futhi kabuhlungu athuthukile. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule, Yefremov kwadingeka ukusebenzisa isikhwama somoya-mpilo, ukuba sikwazi ukuphefumula evamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yezinkinga umlenze wakhe, yena kwakunzima ukuhamba. Kodwa naphezu kwazo zonke lezi zinkinga, waqhubeka ukusebenza yaseshashalazini, ungahawukelanga futhi yena noma abanye.

Ngo-April 2000, odokotela bamtshele ukuthi wayengeke akwazi ukuphila kwenye izinyanga eziyisithupha. Yajabula isikhathi eside kangaka, kodwa u-Oleg kuhlelwe ukubeka "Cyrano de Bergerac" futhi ufuna umamukeli ku esikhundleni sakhe sokudlala "Boris Godunov." Kodwa isiphetho decreed ngenye indlela, futhi ngemva kwenyanga, ngo-May 2000, yena wayengekho.

Oleg Yefremov wangcwatshwa eduze Stanislavsky ohlonishwayo.

izindima Movie

Ayikho ngaphansi kuka for yaseshashalazini, enza ebhayisikobho. Kusukela ngo-1955, le umlingisi izinkanyezi ku engaphezu kwekhulu amafilimu. Abazibonele bathi wafikelwa kungaba ukudlala cishe indima impumelelo efanayo. Yefremov kwaba umculi we "Shine, akhanye, inkanyezi yami", futhi lo dokotela ezinhle Aibolit kusukela movie "Aibolit-66," futhi Dolokhov ka "Impi Nokuthula" futhi uthando ne yaseshashalazini lo mseshi, "Xwayani Car." Konke indima yakhe waphumelela kahle ngokufanayo.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi Oleg Efremov inkanyezi nendodana yakhe uMichael movie "Lapho ngiba omunye wamaRefa" lapho esakhula, futhi lokhu ifilimu uyakhazinyuliswa Efrayimi Jr. ngoba lonke elaseSoviet Union.

Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov: uthando ukuphila

Omunye izihloko kwaphikiswana kakhulu, ngaphezu ethiyetha ezihambisana negama Oleg Efremov, babe nobudlelwane nabobulili fair.

Naphezu Ingaphandle kunalokho enesizotha sakwaEfrayim, owesifazane kulo abakhanukelayo. Futhi wayebukeka indoda ngempela yokubonisana uthando. Kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe, nguye okuthiwa ashiwo Oleg Nikolaevich izindaba nabesifazane ezahlukene, ikakhulukazi abadlali, kodwa akekho abanye wayengasazi isikhathi esiqondile yeka indlela ayiqiniso ngayo la amahemuhemu.

Ngokokuqala ngqá e amabili nanhlanu oshadile Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov. Lilia Tolmachev - igama othandekayo wakhe. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi unkosikazi ekuhlanganisweni kwaba actress ehola yaseshashalazini yakhe. Naphezu ugqozi jikelele yobuciko abasha, kwalolu mbimbi waphula pretty ngokushesha. Kulokhu umfazi baziphathe ngenhlonipho nangomusa bayaqhubeka besebenza ndawonye, naphezu kwegebe elingaka. Lilia Tolmachev, emva kwesikhathi eside kwaba omunye ethandwa kakhulu esigabeni actress Efrayimi.

Ngemva uchungechunge izithakazelo kudlula ngokushesha kulandela ukungenela ubuhlobo obungathi sina Oleg wakwazi ukwakha ne Irina Mazuruk - actress kanye nentatheli. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lobu buhlobo ayizange semthethweni, indodakazi Anastasia wazalwa ngo abathandi. Ngesikhathi le ntombazane ekhula, Waqhubeka ezinyathelweni yomzali futhi waba umhlaziyi yaseshashalazini. Indodakazi yami ikhwelwe ogama lakhe behlonipha uyise - Olga. Umzukulu Oleg Nikolaevich baqhubeka isiko nomndeni bakwa-Efrayimi nakwaManase umdlali waseshashalazini.

Kwaziwa kahle kamhlophe ukuthi kwadlula isikhathi esithile sasihlala ndawonye Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov futhi Vertinskaya Anastasia. Lokhu pair elihle futhi colorful kwakubonakala nje ephelele. Wakhulela emkhayeni ocebile, bahlonishwe futhi Anastasia wazama ngazo zonke izindlela ukunikeza Efrayimi isicwebezelisi futhi simfundise ubambe isikhundla, ngokulandelana. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ethandekayo bavame ukusizwa icebiso lakhe, njengomdlali waseshashalazini. Nokho, kwalolu mbimbi akuzange kuhlale isikhathi eside, njengoba Efremov sonke isikhathi elahlekile yaseshashalazini, futhi Vertinskaya badinga ukunakekelwa nokunakekela, yena wayengeke asonge izandla alinike. Edumele kulobu buhlobo, actress kanye aqoqa izinto zawo ahamba.

Efrayimi waba mfazi wesithathu actress futhi "Contemporary" - Alla Pokrovskaya. emshadweni wabo kwaba isikhathi eside, futhi ngemva kwesehlukaniso Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov unikezele ngokuphindaphindiwe umkakhe ukuqala lonke futhi, kodwa akusebenzanga, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi wayesifundisa yaseshashalazini phesheya. Lo mbhangqwana waba indodana - edumile futhi abathandwa ababukeli abaningi umlingisi Mikhail Efremov. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amadodana amabili Michael (Nikita futhi Nicholas) futhi waqhubeka umugqa kayise lukakhokho waba umlingisi.

Iminyaka ayisikhombisa nambili zokuphila Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov wakwazi ukwenza enkulu ngokungavamile. Ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, uma indoda yangempela ukuphila ubophekile ukutshala isihlahla, ukukhulisa indodana futhi indlu, efana inceku kushukumisa Melpomene Efremov wadala nkundla entsha kweqiniso, wamisa i lwamakhosi esebenza futhi aqeqeshiwe lonke Umthala abaculi oluvelele.