Norilsk: labantu, isimo sezulu, ezikhangayo

Omunye kungaba ngokuvamile ukuzwa edolobheni ezifana Norilsk. Futhi akumangalisi, ngoba idolobha elikhulu ukuthi kudingeka siyinake ngokukhethekile. Ihlanganisa indawo kahle esikhulu, kukhona yokukhiqiza nezezimboni izindawo eziningi. Kuwufanele ukubazi kulo muzi emangalisayo. Norilsk, esinabantu abaningi, has ezikhangayo eziningi ezithakazelisayo. Lesi sihloko sibuye Bayokhuluma isimo sezulu, nemvelo, amaqiniso athakazelisayo elihlobene ne zokuhlala.

Norilsk: ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana idolobha

Idolobhana Itholakala Krasnoyarsk Territory, kuba sokuqondisa yasesiFundeni. Ngokuthakazelisayo, inaso ngobukhulu abantu abahlala endaweni yayo (endaweni yokuqala Krasnoyarsk).

City itholakala endaweni kunalokho nokhahlo sezulu zone. Norilsk lithole isimo edolobheni elisenyakatho, okuyinto labantu abangaphezu kuka-150 eziyinkulungwane. Man ekhaya.

Nokho, amarekhodi akhe abagcini lapho. Norilsk uphakathi kwasezindaweni nge nasezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kwemvelo. Lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yokuthi izindawo eyinhloko imisebenzi umuzi izimayini ukukhiqizwa nensimbi. Le ndawo uye wathandwa esikhundleni umholi, njengoba izindawo zezimboni lokhu ezidlula ayitholakalanga ikuphi emhlabeni.

Kuvela elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo ukuthi esangweni lomuzi ivaliwe izifiki. Ukuze uvakashele Norilsk, izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe kufanele njalo alandele inqubo kokuthola imvume ekhethekile. izinyathelo ezinjalo ngo-2001. Ngaphambi kwalokho, ngo-1991 izakhamuzi zakwamanye amazwe nanikhululekile ukuvakashela Norilsk.

Iziphi izici afakiwe edolobheni?

Ngaphambili, Norilsk kwakungelona labantu isikhungo esiyinhloko ezinjalo. Ngemva ukukhokha imali eningi kuya emadolobheni angomakhelwane, waba okuningi. Norilsk yakhiwa izindawo eziningana:

• Central.
• Talnakh.
• Kayerkan.
• Snezhnogorsk.
• Oganer.

Bonke kuhluke ngokuphawulekayo kusukela komunye nomunye. Ezinye izindawo, ezifana emaphakathi, sekwakhiwe ngaphambi, ngomklamo yabo bamenywa yiLeningrad abaklami. Abanye bangabohlobo kamuva sikhathi. Basuke ikakhulukazi bakhiwe nabo izindlu, enziwe amaphrojekthi imodeli.

Norilsk labantu kanye nezici zayo

Manje kubalulekile esikhulumi ukwenaba umbuzo mayelana izakhamuzi zomuzi wakubo. Ukuze uqale, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukwanda oluqinile labantu Norilsk kwenzeka ngemuva kokuthi enamathiselwe 2 khona iindawo ezinengi zokuhlala, okuyinto uzathwala amabizo Talnakh futhi Kayerkan. Okwamanje, zingabantu ukuthi izingxenye ezithile zedolobha. Kule ndaba, Norilsk labantu ngokuphawulekayo anda.

Ngokusho idatha 2015, izakhamuzi eziningi lwasendaweni 176 251 abantu. Okusanda sekube ukuthambekela yokuthi abantu abaningi ushiye Norilsk. Labantu kwehle kakhulu. Ukwehla sina ngokukhethekile Kwabonakala 2014. Esikhathini sangaphambilini, ngo-2013, inani lezakhamuzi zaba 177.738 abantu, ngo-2014 - kakade 176 559. Ngo-2015, inani labantu yayiqhubeka.

Uma siphendukela uhlu amadolobha Russian ngenombolo izakhamuzi, Norilsk oluthatha indawo 105th, okuyinto impela nani eliphakeme. Sekukonke, uhlu emadolobheni cishe 1114. Ngakho, sifunda okwengeziwe idatha inani labantu edolobheni, futhi manje kuwufanele kokuqhubeka kuhlolwe isakhiwo yayo kazwelonke.

Ukwakheka National sabantu

Kumele zezikhali ngokuningiliziwe, ohlala esifundeni. Norilsk inama Ukwakheka yobuhlanga ocebile. Sekuyisikhathi eside wahlala lapha abantu eziningana yomdabu, phakathi wakhe ubuhanjelwe le Nenets, le Nganasan, Dolgan, Enets. Manje ingatholakala lapha awavamile. Ngokuphathelene labantu umhlali, manje Norilsk ikakhulu ubuswa isiRashiya, Ukraine, Azerbaijanis nezinye izizwe. Bokudabuka lapha zicishe zakhubeka. Idolobhana kakhulu ehlala abantu abathuthela lapha phakathi kanye ekupheleni kwelikhulu lesi-XX, kanye nenzalo yabo.

A kwatheleka esiphawulekayo labantu edolobheni ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa ezibanzi umkhakha nezinye amabhizinisi endawo. It wadalwa inani elikhulu imisebenzi, kanye nengqalasizinda ukuthi wenza ukuphila kule ndawo ngokunethezeka.

Ikakhulukazi ayehlala emzini

Kufanele futhi sinake izimpawu nobuntu ukuphila lendawo, lapho kukhona impela eningi. Lezi zici kwamiswa isikhathi eside, kucatshangelwa isimo sezulu, isimo sezulu kanye nemibandela ezindawo lapho kukhona Norilsk. labantu kulo muzi kunjalo ngokukhethekile ukulungiswa kokudla kanye reception yayo. Phakathi izakhamuzi inombolo enkulu labadobi abazingeli. Ngenxa yalokhu, isidlo kuyinto izoso futhi suguday. On the yesibili kufanele ukhulume kancane ngaphezulu. Suguday - isidlo ehlanganisa izinhlanzi eluhlaza, okuyinto yengezwe amafutha yemifino, usawoti, pepper, onion, apula vukuza, uviniga kanye izinongo ehlukahlukene. Ngokuqondene neminye imikhiqizo ethandwa, izakhamizi ngokuvamile ukudla amakhowe, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, cranberry kanye cloudberry.

Amanani e Norilsk kukhona Ngokwesilinganiso, kodwa eminye imikhiqizo ezibonakala abavamile, ziphakeme kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, isinkwa zingathengwa for ruble angu-60, i-kilogram of inkukhu inyama - I-ruble 132, a amakhilogramu elayisi - I-ruble 70, amafutha yemifino kuwufanele ruble 89. Amanani on nokunye okufana nokolweni e Norilsk isiqalo ruble 160, apula zenani ruble 109, amazambane abiza ruble 53, no-anyanisi - ruble 70.

Kukholakala ukuthi iphathelene Norilsk Taimyr nhlonhlo. Kule ndawo, ungathola izinhlobo ezimbili zokuhamba: amanzi noma umoya. Ground umyalezo lonke Russia (okubizwa ngokuthi ezwekazini) engekho.

Isimo sokukhululeka ngokwenkolo edolobheni

izimo zemvelo kanye sezulu Norilsk ngempela nokhahlo. Leli dolobha ensimini ka eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada, ngokuqondene lapho isimo sezulu sendawo onokhahlo ukuze hhayi ejwayele ke indoda. Weather Norilsk ngokuvamile ezibandayo. Isimo sezulu lapha - Arctic.

Lo muzi ubizwa njengelinye lamazwe enomoya emhlabeni. Ngakho, abaningi banesithakazelo kulokho Norilsk sezulu kwenzeke kaningi? Winter lapha ihlala isikhathi eside futhi esibonakala ngokuqina ashubisa umnkantsha. Ngo-January, nezinga lokushisa mayelana -28 ⁰S. sezulu ejwayelekile ebusika - abandayo njalo nomoya onamandla. isikhathi Cold sihlala 280 izinsuku, uqala maphakathi no-September no-ihlala kuze ekucaleni May.

Summer kuphela setha ngasekupheleni kuka June futhi ihlala kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-August. Ngokuvamile kuba liguqubele epholile. Isilinganiso Julayi lokushisa emhlabeni 10.7 C. Ngokuya nezinga lokushisa, kuba -9.6 C.

Kuvela elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo wukuthi Norilsk uhlu imizana ezinhlanu ezinomoya kakhulu emhlabeni.

uhlobo

Abaningi bafisa ukwazi ukuthi yini endaweni yemvelo iwukuba Norilsk? Kumephu itholakala cishe eNhlonhlweni Taimyr, lapho emathafeni obusa. Lolu hlobo lwe-landscape libhekene izici ezithile. Empeleni, lapha ungabona nasemahlathini, okufakwe lapha nge izihlahlana nezimfunda.

Ngakho, kuyacaca ukuthi kungokwemvelo zone Norilsk. Ibalazwe kungabonakala nakulokho ukuthi inani elikhulu thutheleka fula lapha.

Naphezu elibuhlungu izimo zemvelo, endaweni has impela nezilwane ezihlukahlukene. Nezilwane ehlathini ikakhulukazi emelelwa lemmings, reindeer, shrews, izimpungushe. Lezi zindawo ezidumile phakathi abazingeli.

Phakathi izinyoni zivame ukubonakala tinhlobo letehlukene partridges, isikhova seqhwa nabanye. Le ndawo iyikhaya yezinyoni eziningi ezifudukayo.

izoni yesikhathi

Sifunda oluningi mayelana nemvelo kanye sezulu, okuyinto Norilsk. Isikhathi lapha futhi ifanele ukuba siyicabangele ekhethekile. Settlement ungaphakathi umkhawuko wesikhathi ngokuthi "Krasnoyarsk isikhathi." Umahluko eMoscow 4 ihora. Ngakho, lapho eMoscow 12:00 Norilsk kakade 16,00. ERussia, le izoni yesikhathi ubizwa ngokuthi msk + 4. Ngokwe-notation Umhlaba, idolobha Itholakala UTC + 7 zone. Ngaphezu Krasnoyarsk Territory, lapho kukhona Norilsk, it is osumisiwe endaweni yelinye 5 izifunda of Russia. Ngakho, sithola ithuba lokwazana umkhawuko wesikhathi lapho itholakala Norilsk. Isikhathi ayikahunyushwa, njengoba kwezinye izifunda yezwe.

Izikhangibavakashi & Culture Norilsk

Kufanele futhi sikhulume ngalokho ifa zomlando izinto ezikhona kuleli dolobha elihle. Norilsk usebenza iminyuziyamu eziningana, ezifana Indawo yokubukisa ngobuciko kanye Museum of History ukuhlola nokuthuthukiswa yalesi sifunda. Gallery sisakazwe kabanzi futhi ethandwa kakhulu. Lona iqoqo art lonke Krasnoyarsk Territory lesibili ngobukhulu. It iqala umsebenzi wayo ngo-1980.

Ngo Norilsk, vula nje kuphela Museum, kodwa futhi ithunyelwa emahholo amabhayisikobho. Isebenza Drama Theatre yaqanjwa V. Mayakovskogo futhi Youth Theatre. Kafushane, empilweni yamasiko lapha kahle futhi uvezwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Omunye kufanele uvakashele izikhungo ohlwini, efika Norilsk. Uphenyo iminyuziyamu ikakhulukazi omuhle yaseshashalazini. Ikakhulukazi budonsa izivakashi igalari, ngoba agcinwa khona umsebenzi othile esiyingqayizivele. Futhi e Norilsk kunezinye ezikhangayo ukuthi bayakufanelekela ukunaka.

ezikhangayo ezakhiwo Norilsk nezici zabo

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kwezinye izindawo Norilsk Akumangalisi okusikhumbuza Petersburg. Abaningi bangase bazibuze ukuthi kungani la madolobha amabili abe zifana? Lena ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokuthi Norilsk wamenywa ukuba abaningi Leningrad abaklami owaklama izakhiwo ezahlukene. Uma senifikile lapho, kufanele nakanjani ukubona indlu, esisogwini Leninsky Prospekt futhi Guards Square.

Ngemva kwesikhashana nesimo sesakhiwo esikhulu edolobheni ishintshile kusukela ngawo-1960, lapha, njengoba kwamanye amadolobha eziningi zaseRussia, yazuza izinhlobo ethandwa zezakhiwo.

Ukwakhiwa kanye izakhiwo Norilsk has a ton of izici. Bahlanganyela ezihlobana yokuthi lapho kwakhiwa izakhiwo ku eyiqhwa kudingeka acabangele izici ezithile. Lapha, abakhi wakwazi ukuthola engavamile yokwakha ezinzima kwemvelo. Esikhathini esizayo, lolu lwazi isetshenziswa kakhulu amadolobha sezulu efanayo.

Umkhakha nakwezomnotho Norilsk

Njengoba wazi, umuzi maphakathi yokusansimbi kweqiniso. inani elikhulu lensimbi non-ayoni akhishwa kule ndawo, ezifana nethusi, ayibe, nickel namatshe ayigugu: igolide, isiliva, platinum, palladium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapha ukukhiqiza sulphur, selenium metallic, sulfuric acid kanye nokunye okufana nalokho. D. Of nesithakazelo esikhethekile Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi Norilsk ekhiqizwa mayelana 96% nickel, ekhiqizwa eRussia. Ngakho, singasho ukuthi edolobheni ingumkhiqizi omkhulu futhi umphakeli ezihlukahlukene izinto, hhayi kuphela e-Krasnoyarsk esifundeni, kodwa futhi kulo lonke izwe. Ngokokunye ukulinganisela, imali ye-Krasnoyarsk Territory cishe 60% siqukethe izimali lecinisekisa Norilsk. Russia lufaka izifunda eziningi ezifanayo, kodwa lo muzi kubhekwa isikhungo ngobukhulu zezimboni yalolu hlobo.

Ukuxhumana

Kufanele futhi sikhulume ngezindaba ezifana zokuxhumana. Norilsk amafoni ibe namadijithi angu-6. zokuxhumana yeselula wafika lapha ngempela ngasekupheleni kuqhathaniswa nakwamanye amadolobha aseRussia. Kwathi ekupheleni kuka-2001. Manje liye ukusebenza 4 weselula. Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile iqiniso lokuthi Norilsk ayixhunyiwe namanye amadolobha ikhebula imigudu yokuxhumana. Uxhumano kubo Kwenziwa esebenzisa imigudu yokuxhumana satellite.

Udinga ukwazi nezinombolo zocingo obalulekile Norilsk, sizoyaphi uma eziphuthumayo:

1. Ukuvikelwa Fire - (101) 01.
2. Amaphoyisa - (102) 02.
3. Ambulensi - (103) 03.
4. Siza Norilsk sezindiza - 006.
5. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa mayelana sezulu - 007.
6. Nejoka amaphoyisa omgwaqo - 43-54-59, 43-54-58.
7. Nejoka uMnyango Ministry Interior - 47-24-01.

ezokuthutha

Qiniseka ukuxoxa ingxenye ezokuthutha komuzi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi umoya izixhumanisi nezinye nemizana kwenziwe njengoba eseduze nedolobha usebenza sezindiza. Norilsk has 1 emoyeni imbobo othiwa Alykel. Itholakala amakhilomitha 52 kusuka edolobheni.

Lo muzi ubizwa nangokuthi exhumene inethiwekhi ezokuthutha nge Dudinka. Movement phakathi kwabo Kwenziwa nge amabhasi. Ehlobo kungenzeka ukuhamba emhlabeni imizila emfuleni ngokusebenzisa Dudinka ukuze Krasnoyarsk. Ebusika, lapho esebenza khona ezokuthutha izixhumanisi Ingelosi Eyinhloko futhi ngokusebenzisa indawo ecacisiwe. Nokho, indlela elula ukufinyelela sezindiza edolobheni. Norilsk ubhekwa kanzima ngempela ukufika kuleli dolobha.

Inethiwekhi ezokuthutha kuleli dolobha is evuthiwe - I-Norilsk ungazulazula usebenzisa amabhasi kanye namatekisi.

izimo emvelweni

Kuyinto imfihlo ukuthi ngenxa inani elikhulu izitshalo abayingozi imvelo kakhulu sawohloka. izifundo ezihlukahlukene sezenziwe, eyabonisa ukuthi Norilsk kuyinto esivumelwaneni imvelo angcoliswe kakhulu kunawo wonke eRussia. Lapha, sebuningini ezingcolisayo asakazeka emoyeni, ezifana chlorine, sulfuric acid, i-hydrogen-fluoride, selenium dioxide nabanye abaningi. Okwamanje, khona ngokuqhubekayo iqoqwe idatha lwezibalo izinhlobo ezahlukene ukungcola, kanye ucwaningo lwabo. Nature azungeze umuzi is zonakala kwemvelo abaningi bathi le ndawo ingaphezu usongo eliphezulu kakhulu enhlekeleleni yezinto eziphilayo.