Ngubani Undunankulu wase-England (UK)? Uhlu Prime Betindzaba England (UK)

Njengoba yaziwa, ngesimo uhulumeni United Kingdom kuyinto ohlanga eyakhelwe ngaphezu komthethosisekelo. Nokho, umthethosisekelo njengoba enjalo kulelizwe ayinayo, nezici ezifihlekile eziningi zokubusa zinqunywa amasiko eminyaka ubudala. Nakuba namuhla iyinhloko le nkosi British, empeleni izwe eliqondisa undunankulu. Yiqiniso, indlovukazi inamandla cishe ngokuphelele, kodwa ukusebenzisa izwe abanye abantu. Mayelana lapho uhlala eBritish uNdunankulu, kufanele aphendule ngalokho nalokho amandla enza, kanye ezinye nosaziwayo kakhulu kwezepolitiki, okulesi - kamuva kulesi sihloko.

Premiership

Ngu isiko, undunankulu ukhethwa nkosi. Ngokuvamile, umuntu esekelwa kakhulu le House of Commons. Ezimweni eziningi, kuba ngumholi we-party iningi. I sesikhundleni kukaNdunankulu ihlobene eduze kwesikhathi lomsebenzi we House of Commons, ngokusekelwa okuyinto wakhethwa. Undunankulu has a lot of amandla, iqondisa umsebenzi kahulumeni, ngamafuphi, kuba - ummeleli oyinhloko le nkosi nomeluleki.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, endlini at 10 Downing Street e inhloko-dolobha yaseBrithani - London, wadalwa eyisidalwa isipho siqu King Robert Walpole - Undunankulu wokuqala eNgilandi. Nokho, le ndoda yenqaba isipho esinjalo. Savumelana lokuthi egumbini laliyoba isizinda lokuqala izikhonzi wezwe, futhi Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi liye bephila ngaleso ikheli kakhulu kodwa ngabaholi bezombusazwe, okulesi.

ondunankulu British, uhlu okuyinto enkulu ngokwanele, ngoba lesi sikhundla kusukela ngaleso sikhathi yethula wathatha abantu abangu-53 e 1721, baba amaqembu ehlukene kanye nemigomo ehlukene. Ngamunye wabo waba ntshashintshe ithonya futhi abantu babo ukukhumbula. Sethula ngezansi lwati lolufinyetiwe izibalo eziphawuleka kakhulu abashiya uphawu elikhulu emlandweni.

Robert Walpole (1676-1745)

Robert Walpole Waqala inkambo yakhe yezombusazwe ku ukwakheka kwe-House of Commons, lapho eneminyaka engu-25 ubudala. Lapho i-King George III, e 1721, wamiswa njengelungu uNgqongqoshe Chief futhi kanyekanye umphathi we esikhwameni yomphakathi. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, UK isibe isiko lokuqoka kule somthwalo wemfanelo umuntu kwaba ngasekhanda leKhabhinethi.

Robert Walpole, Undunankulu wokuqala eNgilandi, isikhathi eside kunanoma isiphi lwamadoda alandela yakhe yayiphethe lelo posi - wahola uhulumeni iminyaka engu-21.

Uilyam Pitt Omncane (1759-1806)

Wabamba yomnyango isikhonzi wokuqala kabili, kusukela 1783 kuya 1801 futhi kusukela ngo-1804 kuya eminyakeni 1806. Uilyam Pitt Omncane - ungqongqoshe omncane engenathi prime of England, ngoba wayeneminyaka engu-24 kuphela ubudala lapho wamiswa okuthunyelwe okokuqala. Nokho, uvalo ngokwedlulele, okuyinto wayeke ukuzwa ukuba oshayelayo zombuso, kakhulu spoilt impilo yakhe, okubangela isisebenzi wafa ngokulinganiswa ayemncane.

William Pitt Yeminyaka Omncane kahulumeni e-United Kingdom kwakunzima, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi izwe ilahlekelwe ukulawula amakoloni yayo eNyakatho Melika, okuyinto eyangithinta kezomnotho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakudingeka ukuba asabele inguquko French nokuthuthukisa isu impi ngokumelene Napoleon. Pitt akasenzanga umqalisi we coalitions abathathu nababili uNapoleon, kodwa futhi nomthelela nokugcina Ireland njengengxenye England.

Benjamin Disraeli (1804-1881)

Wabamba lesi sikhundla ngo-1868 futhi 1874-1880, ngokulandelana. Lokhu sezombusazwe, ebusheni bakhe eshicilelwe amanoveli eziningana eladonsa eziningi ukunakekela komphakathi, wazibonakalisa kwezombangazwe, okuyinto, kanye imisebenzi umbuso kwabamemezeli nesithakazelo esikhulu sabantu nezinkinga zabantu abavamile. Disraeli wenza umthetho, owawuthi indoda owayesebenza emadolobheni, bakwazi iqhaza okhethweni. Yena uyabandakanyeka ngcono izimo sanitary of ezigudle emadolobheni nemibandela abasebenzi yokuhlala.

Ngo inqubomgomo angaphandle, Benjamin Disraeli futhi baphumelele eside: phambi kwakhe koroleva Viktoriya wathola isihloko Empress yaseNdiya, kanye ne-United Kingdom yazuza ukulawula Suez Canal. Owabe enguNdunankulu of England, kwaba yisikhulumi esihle indoda behlakaniphile kakhulu, futhi uthando lwakhe amahlaya watshelwa ukuthi akamshiyanga ngisho izikhathi zokugcina zokuphila.

UWinston Churchill (1874-1965)

UWinston Churchill, ogama emadloti edume Dzhon Cherchill, iNkosana wokuqala Marlborough, wayaziwa emhlabeni wonke ukuphathwa yakhe ngokuhlakanipha United Kingdom ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Nokho, indaba yokuphila kwakhe ugcwele iziqephu egqamile. Ngiseyingane, isazi sezombangazwe esizayo eseyingane ohluphayo, elibuye uvinjelwe ke ekutholeni imfundo egcwele. Ngakho, wanquma ukuba bahlanganyele ezindabeni zezempi.

Ngo-1899, Undunankulu wase-England esizayo, wasula ngangena kwezombusazwe, futhi ngemva konyaka wakhethwa ePhalamende. Ekuqaleni Churchill labetibambile ukubukwa ngoludala, kodwa ngo-1904 yena wajoyina iqembu Liberals, kodwa hhayi kuze kube phakade - ngo-1924 waphindela e-kwababusi emthethweni. Ngo-1939, owayenguNgqongqoshe Okokuqala uNeville Chamberlain yaseBrithani Churchill esimisiwe inhloko Admiralty, kodwa ngonyaka ozayo, Korol Georg VI wammema ukuthi zilawule kobuholi uhulumeni.

Phakathi nempi, uWinston Churchill ayevelele ngumuntu sokuma ezinzima ngokumelene eJalimane lobuNazi, ngenkathi ezinye osopolitiki eziningi wavuma ukuthi kungenzeka Izivumelwano wodweshu. Wenzé neqhaza elikhulu ekunqobeni Great Britain eMpini Yezwe II futhi ushiye kwensika UNdunankulu ekupheleni kwayo, bese wakhethwa ukuba athathe ihlandla lesibili e 1951-1955, ngokulandelana.

Margaret Tetcher (1925-2013)

UMargaret Thatcher, owazalelwa e-umndeni umnikazi izitolo zokuthenga amabili, wemithi ngokuqeqesha ngisho ekolishi ngaba nesithakazelo kwezombangazwe. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili e-okukhethekile, ngo-1948, waqala umsebenzi wezombusazwe, futhi ngaphambi kokuba laba nelungelo amabombo uhulumeni wase- Great Britain, wakwazi ukuvakashela, futhi kuNgqongqoshe Wezemfundo Eyisisekelo kanye Science, futhi umholi we-Conservative Party.

Kusukela ngo-1979, entsha Undunankulu wase-England - owesifazane ngohlamvu eqinile, okuyinto kamuva elibanjwa lwayo olucijile kweSoviet Union ngokuthi "Iron Lady". Nokho, lezi zimfanelo eyamsiza ukuba ahlale ku njengoba uNgqongqoshe lokuqala Uhulumeni iminyaka engu-11. Ngezinye izikhathi kwakudingeka ukuchitha hhayi ngemizamo yokuletha utshintsho ethandwa kakhulu ukuthi yize kunjalo wanika imiphumela emihle.

Ngaphansi kobuholi Margaret Tetcher Conservative Party iwine ezingaphezu kweyodwa ngokunqoba kwakho, futhi yena "Iron Lady" wakhethwa esikhundleni sokuba undunankulu kathathu, ephula irekhodi kuze kuphele isikhathi sokubusa kwakhe Earl Liverpool, owayehola uhulumeni waseBrithani kusukela 1812 kuya 1827.

UDavid Cameron (b. 1966)

Namuhla, isikhonzi lokuqala Great Britain uDavid Cameron kuyinto, oye aphethwe lesi sikhundla kusukela ngo-2010. Kusukela ngo-2005, yena - inhloko Conservative Party. Ngemva kokuphothula-Oxford University, lapho afundela khona ezomnotho, ezombusazwe kanye nefilosofi, Cameron wathola i-diploma abomvu. Umsebenzi wakhe wezombangazwe zaqala ngo-1988 ngomsebenzi emnyangweni ucwaningo we-Conservative Party Enkulu YaseBrithani. Cameron Kwakuphakathi nesikhathi esithile lapho umeluleki uNgqongqoshe Wezezimali, uye wasebenza eMnyango Wezangaphakathi futhi akhonza ngisho naseNdikimbeni ibhodi kwababusi izinkampani ezinkulu abezindaba. Ngo-1997 wathatha ingxenye okhethweni, kodwa wakhethwa kuphela ngo-2001.

UNdunankulu waseBrithani uDavid Cameron ithobela isikhundla okungafanele enwetshiwe ukuhlanganiswa wezwe ne-European Union, futhi ngesikhathi impi ibambene eGeorgia ngo-2008, wasikisela ukwethula visa imikhawulo, yalahla iRussia okwesikhashana ngaphandle kwalo kusukela Group of Eight.

isiphetho

Naphezu ngokucacile kwemithetho British, eziningi zazo khona kuphela ngesimo amasiko futhi ngokuvamile okunemibandela izimiso ukhetho nokuxoshwa lwekhanda kuhulumeni, futhi kwamanye ezicashile ohlelweni lokubusa kuleli zwe siyasebenza ngempela, futhi kungaba sibizwe nangokuthi yeningi. Futhi Undunankulu wase-England (UK) kule sakhiwo umuntu wesibili emva kwenkosi esihlalweni sobukhosi.