Mammography - wukuthi for ucwaningo? Kanjani ukuqhuba mammogram?

Mammography - a Luhlolo webele nge mammography (-X-ray umshini). inqubo enjalo - indlela ezivame kakhulu webele luhlolo. informativity yaso engaphezu kuka-90%. Mammography lembula yomdlavuza webele ngendlela efanele usaqala. ekuhlonzweni lesi sifo kuzosiza ukuthola ngokuphelele balahle noma ukunciphisa umonakalo obangelwa inqubo umdlavuza.

izinga luhlolo incike imishini, amakhono radiologist. I Isithombesi sikhombisa ngokusobala webele isakhiwo - izicubu yezindlala kanye zezinzwa, imithambo yegazi kanye mapayipi. Lapho lokuthola foci okungavamile usayizi engashintshi, indawo, isimo, isakhiwo.

Yiziphi izinkomba inqubo? Ingabe ingozi X-ray? Kukangaki udinga ukwenza mammogram? imibuzo efanayo yalawo abesifazane, ukukhathazeka ngempilo yabo.

Uyini mammogram

Mammography - a x-ray emisebeni ngezigxobo ongaphakeme. Inqubo indlela Ukuhlolwa ekuxilongeni webele. Kuvame ebekiwe ngenhloso ukuthola izifo webele.

Mammography - kuyini? Izithombe inqubo kuyinkomba yokuthi indlela non-koda of luhlolo. Okusho ukuthi, emhlanganweni akukho ehlasela umzimba womuntu owakheke ngayo ngosizo izinaliti noma ezinye izinto zokwelapha.

Mammography kwembula sowesifazane isimila, uphawu noma ezinye izinguquko ebeleni.

Lokhu kubonisa mammography

mammography Lonyaka lembula isifo oncological ngendlela efanele usaqala. Ngakho-ke, odokotela belulekwa ukuba ibhekane njalo lapho ngihlolwa. Ikakhulukazi olufanele le nqubo ngabantu besifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kweminyaka engu-40. Ngalesi ubudala uqale ukushintsha kwama-hormone engaholela kwezinso e izigaxa ebeleni. Qiniseka ukuba balungise inqubo uma:

• abe osenyameni evela ingono;
• kwakukhona zamanzi, ubuhlungu besifuba;
• kwenzeka ngo webele ukuma noma ukusonteka we ingono.

Mammography - nenqubo ethile yokuthola isifo ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuhlola isimo lesiguli. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-35-ke ayimpoqo bonke abesifazane. Kwanele ibhekane inqubo 1 yonke iminyaka engu-2 ukuze ukuthola izimila. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-50 ekwenzeni mammograms ngonyaka.

Uma kukhona yofuzo (Umlando womkhaya wokusebenzisa kabi isifo webele), kufanele ibhekane mammography kusukela eminyakeni engu-30.

Uma kukhona isimila esibulalayo, inqubo kumele kwenziwe 1 isikhathi ngenyanga. Kuyoba ukulandelela Dynamics ukuthuthukiswa kwemfundo.

Ehlonza inqubo?

Nge mammography singakwazi ukubona neoplasms ingozi nesibulalayo. Inqubo ivumela ukuhlaziya izinguquko indlala mammary kanye nosayizi nokusakazwa kwayo.

- A simila. Lokhu ingaphakathi uketshezi - into kaningi nezindlala mammary. Akusona umdlavuza. Kodwa mammography, ngeshwa, abakwazi ukuhlukanisa nginesimila kusukela isimila esibulalayo - kudingeka ukusihlola.

- fibroadenoma. Isimila ekwakhekeni, okuyinto angaphansi nokwanda. Kuyinto evamile ngaphezulu abesifazane abasebasha. Ababona ebulalayo.

- Calcinates. amaqoqo amancane amaningi calcium nosawoti izicubu kungase kube inkomba yokuqala esigabeni sokuqala umdlavuza. Usayizi enkulu imfundo kaningi ngaphezu not exhumene umdlavuza. Noma kunjalo, khona calcifications ebeleni kungenzeka kubangelwa khona inqubo umdlavuza.

Ngisho noma kukhona uphawu ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela, inhlolovo iqhutshwa kokubili amabele. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuba izithombe eqhathanisa ukuthola izinguquko ezinye webele. Uma une izithombe izinqubo esidlule, kufanele sibabonise kuya radiologist.

Izimo inqubo

Mammography webele - kuyinto x-ray nge umthamo encane yokukhishwa kwemisebe. Ngakho-ke, odokotela musa batusa ukwenza:

• kwabesifazane abakhulelwe;
• nabancelisayo.

Kanjani ukuze balungiselele mammogram

Ngaphambi inqubo, abesifazane ukukhathazeka ngokuvamile nesithakazelo: "mammography - kubuhlungu noma cha? Yini Ngizizwa? ". Mammography - kunemidanti ngokuphelele kobuhlungu. Kuthatha cishe imizuzu engu-ayi-10-30. Iziguli ngaphambi inqubo, udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi yini usuku ngokwenza mammograms. Nokho, akuyona kubalulekile ukuxilongwa okusheshayo lomjikelezo suku.

Abanye besifazane bangase babe ukungakhululeki esifundweni uma sebebabonile ubuhlungu esifubeni. Ngakho-ke, ku-iseluleko sikadokotela, bangakwazi angabelwa amavesi athile ukuba amaphilisi ezinhlungu.

Phakathi imigexo kumele zisuswe inqubo. I izici ngamunye iziguli kuyoba eliyisisekelo sokubalwa lokho sosuku mammograms. Ngokuvamile kuba izinsuku 6-12 kusukela ekuqaleni lomjikelezo.

Ephambi kwezinduna webele izimila kufanele azise udokotela. Ngosuku inqubo Awukwazi ukusebenzisa isiqedaphunga, ukhilimu. Axilla nasesifubeni endaweni abe ohlanzekile, ukuze singathwesi avele mnyama ifilimu.

Injani inqubo

Iziguli abanesifiso ngaphambi inqubo: "mammography - kuyinto ultrasound? Kangakanani luhlolo? ". Bobabili izindlela akudingi ukuqeqeshwa kubesifazane. -X-ray luhlolo lihlukile ultrasound.

Ultrasound ikuvumela ukulandelela isimo kwezicubu ezithambile. A ngeso elingcono yesigayegaye kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini kwi mammogram. Ngakho-ke, uma isimo lesiguli sibonakala sethusa, it is ebekiwe kokubili survey.

X-ray idlule emzimbeni womuntu, ukulungisa isithombe ungene ifilimu. Mammography - inqubo ukwenziwa esigulini esingalalisiwe esibhedlela. I-radiologist ubeka esifubeni sesiguli emsamo bese ukukulungisa. Made ezinye izithombe (kusukela phezulu kuya phansi kanye eceleni), futhi phakathi naleso sikhathi isiguli eshintsha isikhundla.

Ukuze izithombe ezicacile owesifazane kufanele nime futhi ukubamba umoya wakhe. Umgomo we inqubo ungathi esifubeni X-ray. Kodwa, ngokuphambene, le radiologist uthatha izithombe webele ngalinye ngokuhlukile. Ngesikhathi inqubo, isifuba onomfutho kancane kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita. Kungani lo wenze oku?

• Ukuqondanisa ukujiya webele futhi maholoholo.
• Ukuze uthole isithombe esicacile.
• Ukusabalalisa izicubu zomzimba ezithambile uphawu futhi nangama imfundo kungenzeka.
• Ukuze wehlise isilinganiso sokushisa - ingaphansi ungqimba Indwangu, umthamo ephansi iyadingeka ukuze umfanekiso ephelele.

Emva kokuthatha izithombe radiologist ihlaziya kubo futhi inikeza amaphepha udokotela. Kwezinye izimo, incazelo mammography uthole izandla zakho phezu. Ngokusho imiphumela inqubo udokotela angase akunikeze ukuhlolwa eyengeziwe ukuze uthole eminye imininingwane kwesifo.

izinhlobo mammography

Kukhona 2 izinhlobo zama-X ray mammography Izindlela:

1. Film.
2. Digital.

Film mammography (kusukela Mamma Greek - "umama" futhi grapho - "ukudweba") isetshenziswa ne-yalolucwaningo 60 leminyaka elidlule. Isithombe le ndlela, kulotshwe ifilimu.

Eminyakeni yamuva, i-ethandwa kakhulu ozuza mammography digital. It ikuvumela ukuba afeze Ukutadisha nezindlala mammary e kabanzi abesifazane, kunciphisa ngemisebe ukuchayeka emzimbeni.

On injongo engqondweni kukhona 2 izinhlobo mammography:

1. Zokuzivikela (aqokwe udokotela ukuba khona ngesikhathi nesineke ukufinyelela kweminyaka ethize).
2. Yokucwaninga (inikezwa neoplasm okusolwa).

Izici mammography digital

Esikhathini digital futhi ifilimu mammography - I-isithombe esihamba phambili - ebeleni icindezelwa phakathi plate amabili. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi 20% Ukuhlolwa ifilimu awayiboni khona umdlavuza webele.

Enye into - mammography digital. Okungukuthi, sixoxisane kakade. Futhi ziyini izinzuzo zayo? Ngo digital ze-X ray ifilimu luhlolo indawo imitshina (ngathi khamera). Aguqula X-ray sibe amaza kagesi. amasignali okunjalo kungaba inyatheliswe, ukulondolozwa kwikhompyutha ukwenza amakhophi.

mammography Digital - ukhetho kangcono:

• iziguli ezine amabele obukhulu;
• Abesifazane kuze kube iminyaka engu-50;
• iziguli ngaphambi menopause (noma uma ukuya esikhathini ihlala esingaphansi konyaka 1).

Njengoba abesifazane post-menopausal (noma iminyaka engu-50), bahlolelwe ngakulahla nganoma iyiphi indlela, futhi ifilimu, futhi indlela digital ngeke kuphumelele ngokufanayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi webele ukuminyana kuyancipha njengoba ekhula, okuvumela ukuba bathole izithombe eliphezulu kuzo zombili izimo.

ukuthi inqubo eyingozi?

Ezinye iziguli, ngenxa ukuhluleka kwabo, bethi mammography - kuyalimaza. Ifuna umthamo mkhulu, ngakho kungcono kakhulu ukwenza i-ultrasound. Odokotela bathi ecabanga ngokugcinwa kwezinkambiso umonakalo empilweni luhlolo-X-ray kuyoba esincane.

Okokuqala, kukhona ukucaciswa ukudlula izinqubo x-ray phakathi nonyaka.

Okwesibili, ngemisebe enemisebe umthamo sincane kakhulu (indlela esingaphansi lapho fluorography).

Ultrasound futhi-X-ray luhlolo aphelele. Ngakho-ke, odokotela bavame linqume futhi kanye nezinye indlela yokuhlola.

elithola mammography

Kuhlolisisa kwembula kumiswa okungavamile indlala mammary. Mammography ungakwazi ukuxilonga umdlavuza ngendlela efanele usaqala. Lokhu, kuyosisiza ukuba akwazi ukunqoba izingqinamba umdlavuza. Zikhona izindlela eziningi zokwelapha umdlavuza ngo ukuthi isheshe itholakale.

nebubi mammography

Ungase uthole idatha engalungile, ngakho kungcono kakhulu ukuhlanganisa izindlela eziningana webele luhlolo. Endabeni umphumela omuhle ayilungile ukhombe mammography eyengeziwe kanye ultrasound. Rechecked imiphumela ngokuvamile zingaphenduka evamile. Endabeni ucwaningo abesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-30 ukwelashwa kungase kungabi ngempumelelo (webele ukuminyana kwenza kube nzima ucwaningo qualitative).

izindlela engeziwe webele luhlolo

Mammography tomosynthesis nge - umfanekiso esifubeni volumetric njengoba mncane (1 mm) locezu. Le ndlela entsha, okuyinto engazange lidlule inombolo ezanele zokwelapha.

MRI - indlela emnene kakhulu, lokho ayisebenzisi imisebe eyingozi. Kodwa akakwazi ukukhombisa abanye anomalies.

mammography Optical - indlela usebenzisa tomography projector kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita. uhlobo Yokucwaninga zocwaningo asisebenzi. Fluorescent mammography optical kuhilela nokuthuma phosphors izicubu. Kuyasiza ukubona ukukhula yesimila.

US - Ukuhlola ultrasound, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba uthole isithombe esicacile ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Isetshenziselwa phakathi nokukhulelwa kanye lactation, ngoba ayiyona ingozi-X-ray indlela.

Biopsy - izibonelo zalokho amasampula izicubu kuze kuzoqhutshwa kahle uphenyo. Le ndlela yenza kube lula ukuqinisekisa ubukhona nokungabikho umdlavuza webele.

Kuqakatheke ngani?

Ngosizo mammography uphethwe kwenzeka izinguquko nezindlala mammary. umthamo okuphansi-emisebeni akusho ukulimaza impilo lesiguli. Iya kancane ukungakhululeki kwenza kube eliphezulu umdlavuza phakathi naleyo nqubo lapho besanda kuqala.

Ekugcineni uhlu izici ezingezinhle anomthelela emdlavuzeni esemncane:

• isisu;
• kokuya esikhathini ekuseni (ngaphambi yobudala 11);
• ukushintsha kwama-hormone (zokuvimbela inzalo temlomo, abanale nkinga, ukhuluphele noma ezacile);
• menopause ngasekupheleni (uma usuneminyaka eyevile kwengu-55);
• Ingane yokuqala eneminyaka engu-ngasekupheleni (emva kweminyaka 30);
• iziyaluyalu izifo zabesifazane;
• yofuzo;
• izimo ukucindezeleka avamile.

ekuhlonzweni kuzovumela ukwelapha ngokugcwele umdlavuza noma ukuqhuba ukuhlinzwa nge umonakalo sakugcina (isibonelo, ukususa isimila, ukwenza ngaphandle imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali). Ukuhlolwa njalo kuyosiza ukulondoloza impilo iminyaka eminingi.