Ekhatsi Minsk, kukhona endaweni eyodwa ekhethekile - yisikhumbuzo "Yama". Uma lapha okokuqala, kungase kuqashelwe bemibuso nokudabuka eziqoshiwe. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, engazi umlando Belarus, kunzima ukuqagela ukuthi kusho ukuthini lokhu into kumephu yezwe. Lesi sithombe esiyisikhumbuzo lunikezelwe yizingane eziba yizisulu ezingenacala Kwesizwe. Likuphi iSikhumbuzo, futhi iyini indaba weqiniso?
Mashi 2, 1942 emlandweni Belarus
Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, Minsk kwakuhlezi amabutho esitha kusuka 1941 kuya 1944. Ngosuku lwesithathu ye umsebenzi wonke enihlala umuzi wabaJuda ayeyalwe ukuba nginikeze yonke imali nezinto eziyigugu. Usuku ezisemthethweni isisekelo ghetto angamaJuda e Minsk kubhekwe 19.07.1941. Injongo eyinhloko indalo yayo ekuqaleni kuhlelwe kuqothulwe wonke amalungu akhonjwe khona kwalesi sizwe. Ekupheleni ehlobo endaweni ye Minsk ghetto labantu iziboshwa okungenani 100,000 okuqondene amaJuda. Mashi 2, 1942 - usuku phakade langena umlando Belarus. Yingaleso sikhathi-ke esikhathini ghetto Jewish labhujiswa iziboshwa okungenani 5000. Izidumbu zabantu abangu-izisulu eziningi nje lehla oya de kholokotho. Minsk ayisikhumbuzo "Yama" sidaliwe endaweni yayo.
Dala i-Obelisk
Unya, okuyinto bachuma Minsk ghetto, asikwazanga ukhohlwe ngemva yokukhululwa edolobheni kubahlaseli isitha. Ngo-1947, i-indawo yokungcwaba iziboshwa ababulawa lamiswao i Obelisk. Umbhalo kuso ufundeka kanje: "inkumbulo ukuyazisa sonke isikhathi amaJuda ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu babhubha ebulawa izitha okubi lwesintu - amashinga undlovukayiphikiswa waseJalimane Mashi 2, 1942." Ngokuphawulekayo, umbhalo amagama aqoshwe edwaleni athi Obelisk egwadle, hhayi kuphela e-Russian kodwa futhi Yiddish. Lona lesikhumbuzo ngowokuqala izisulu Soviet Kwesizwe, okuyinto lalimisa ovunyelwe ukusebenzisa Yiddish. Umbhali amayunithi wezinhlamvu - imbongi H. maltinskaya. Ngokuphawulekayo, naphezu isixazululo okuholela umklamo we lesikhumbuzo, kamuva wadingiselwa ekamu Gulag. Wahlupheka indalo yakhe futhi Rockshaper, obesebenza Obelisk - Mordukh Sprishen. Kodwa, naphezu kwayo yonke le, "Yama" isikhumbuzo ukhona namuhla. Itshe yesikhumbuzo ingenye izici ezibalulekile ebaziwe.
Ukwakhiwa kabusha "Pit." Iqembu sculptural "The Last Indlela"
Ngo-2000, laba yisikhumbuzo anikezelwe izisulu Kwesizwe e Minsk, seliphinde lakhiwa. Ngenxa yezizathu eziphathelene nezimiso zokuziphatha, wonke umsebenzi eyenziwa ngesandla, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imishini ukwakhiwa kanye nemishini. Imivubukulo kusayithi yesikhumbuzo futhi awazange olwenziwa. Nesikhumbuzo "Yama" in Minsk kwahambisana laqanjwa sculptural. Kanye ezitebhisini okuholela maphakathi udonga egandayiwe welula umucu iziboshwa, wehla okuthile fa. Izibalo bheka sikhathele siyingcuba futhi engenabuntu kakhulu. Ziyakwazi more like a imimoya ngengoma, kunokuba abantu. Itshe lesikhumbuzo ngokomthetho ngokuthi "The Last Road", abalobi bayo - wezakhiwo L. Levin, Finnish umqophi A., E. Pollock. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi sibalo ekuqaleni kuhlelwe ukwenza iziboshwa bazwakale. Ngokwe-inguqulo yokuqala okusalungiswa, kuhlanganise esasizobhujiswa bekufanele kube: okhulelweyo, umculi, kanye nabamele amanye imisebenzi yokudala futhi emphakathini ewusizo. Nokho ekugcineni evunyiwe Ukwakheka ehlanganisa kabi futhi asexual izibalo womuntu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isitayela iqembu ukubaza iyamangalisa.
Uphi ayisikhumbuzo "Yama" e Minsk? Izithombe lesikhumbuzo
Ukwakheka sculptural isendaweni Melnikaite emgwaqweni. Itshalwe eduze Alley isikhumbuzo we Zilungile, anikezelwe obunokuthula Belarusians ukuzwelana kanye ukuze asize amaJuda phakathi nempi. Ukuthola kule sayithi yesikhumbuzo Kulula ezokuthutha zomphakathi. Eliseduze metro station - "Frunzenskaya". Ungase futhi uthole esitobhini ebusweni ezokuthutha "Ihhotela" weJubili "," amabhasi: 1, 1, 69, 73, 119 kanye 163. I ayisikhumbuzo "Yama" itholakala anganqamuki ukuvakashela, kungenwa mahhala.
Umbono abahlali kanye nokubuyekeza
Abantu abaningi bavakashela yisikhumbuzo esizinikezele inkumbulo ukuQothulwa Kwesizwe izisulu e Minsk bathi le ndawo ikakhulukazi amandla. Yiba lapha kunzima ngempela, futhi bantu izwele akufanele kube ngokomthetho. Nokho, naphezu indaba sakhe esidabukisayo, le ndawo cult abantu abaningi eBelarus. AmaJuda kanye nabamele bezinye izizwe uza lapha njalo ukuze kuhlonishwe imemori iziboshwa okwalapha wabulala we Minsk ghetto. Ezinsukwini yenkumbulo kukhona imibuthano ayeba nezinye imicimbi yomphakathi. Ngokuphawulekayo, naphezu ukubaluleka yayo emlandweni edolobheni, "Yama" kuyaqabukela kufakwe iziqondiso izivakashi. Kodwa le ntshisekelo izivakashi lesikhumbuzo luyanda njalo ngonyaka. Akunzima ukuthola isikhumbuzo "Yama" e Minsk, ikheli ukuthi amasayithi lusizi Street Melnikaite. Nge lesikhumbuzo ukuze nalabo ababulawa ekuQothulweni Kwesizwe exhumene amahlazo eziningana. Ngezikhathi ezithile, "Yama" uhlushwa ekuhlaseleni izigangi, elibangela esingathí sina ukukhala umphakathi.