Medicine izimpawu - ibonisa izindlela zokwelapha izizwe zasendulo

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi uphawu imithi - indebe ne inyoka, nabantu Entela ebizwa "toscha udle ice cream." Kodwa siyini lesi isibonakaliso, uyazi yini wonke umuntu. Yini enye ingabe izimpawu elisho imithi, basuka kuphi futhi yini lokho ezazikusho ngempela? Yilokhu sizoxoxa ngani kulesi sihloko.

Lapho kukhona bezilokhu ziwuphawu yezokwelapha

Ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene namasiko ahlukene wathatha izimpawu zabo kanye izifanekiselo imithi, ezibonisa ukuqonda kanye nombono ukuphila nokufa, iphuzu umfanekiso umelaphi kanye lokwelatshwa. Ukukhuluma izimpawu ezihlukahlukene zezokwelapha, kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula onkulunkulu abadumile - abashisekeli imithi, izindlela ukwelashwa lasendulo kanye nezinye izici.

Uhlelo oluyisisekelo oluthi kakhulu futhi uphawu eminingi yasendulo ye imithi - inyoka. Kuyinto isithombe sabo ezihlukahlukene iye yasetshenziswa ukuze ubheke ukuphulukiswa. Umlando ukusetshenziswa uphawu iphindela impucuko aseMpumalanga, Greece naseGibhithe lasendulo. Ngokwesibonelo, kuba inyoka oboshelwe ngapha nangapha umzimba unkulunkulukazi u-Isis, umGibhithe usanta zokuphulukisa. nyoka futhi ephelezelwa umbhalo insika Sesostris mina eKarnak, lapho kuthiwa: ". Mina nika ukuphila, ubude besikhathi sokuphila impilo ... inkosi yakwa Lower futhi elibangise eNhla neGibhithe" Ngokuthakazelisayo, uphawu yesimanje wezokwelapha akulona ngaphandle isithombe inyoka. Lapha silwane izimboze inkezo, ngamunye izingxenye zalesi isibonakaliso kuphawuleka ngokukhethekile.

Nge ekukhuleni komphakathi, okwandisa izinga ulwazi mayelana nemvelo kanye emhlabeni izinhlamvu, sibonakalisa izenzakalo ezahlukene zishintshile futhi ukuchaza kabusha. Namuhla, ukuphathwa lokusinda uphawu sokuphulukiswa babe ahlukahlukene ngempela. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-amahlanu Izimpawu ezahlukene etshengisa imithi, kodwa sizocabangela kuphela ezivame kakhulu.

amalogo zikahulumeni nezizimele ukuphulukiswa

Ukuze uthole Ucwaningo olunzulu umbuzo, kanye nezindlela eziningi ucwaningo elisetshenziswa ekutadisheni izimpawu wezokwelapha kanye indlela langempela kanye zomlando.

Imithombo labaluleke kakhulu ekutadisheni ndaba Numismatics futhi Bonistics. I sokuqala sixoxa zemali, amathokheni, izindondo oda, kuyilapho sesibili sidingida imali yephepha-aspect mlando, kwezomnotho kanye wobuciko. Kuyinto ku zemali banknotes ka nangenkathi ezahlukene zingatholakala yisibalo esikhulu sabasebenzi esingakaze izimpawu wezokwelapha kanye izifanekiselo sokuphulukiswa, futhi kwezinye izimo - ngokuvamile komthombo isiqinisekiso khona kwabo ngokomzimba.

Ochwepheshe ukutadisha izifanekiselo nezimpawu wezokwelapha bavame ukusebenzisa esigabeni ekhethekile, owawuthi zonke namagama akhona zingahlukaniswa zibe ngasese futhi wabelane. Ukuze ukukhathazeka yangasese:

• iconsi legazi - uphawu iphrofayela kuhlinzwa;
• lily yesithombe esigodini;
• enema (clyster);
• uhlangothi, ishayela palpable - isibonakaliso lodokotela;
• Isithombe se-Florence umntwana;
• amathuluzi Pentagram kuhlinzwa, ezifana nommese;
• urinary;
• nasekwenzeni pestle noma ngaphandle - kukhona izifanekiselo esetshenziswa kunodokotela noma imiphakathi yezokwelapha;
• izimpawu wezokwelapha lempi (logo).

izimpawu wezokwelapha Jikelele idume kakhulu. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• inyoka;
• Asklepius induku (Æsculapius) - inyoka induku;
• inyoka emhlabeni isitsha;
• izinyoka ezimbili laqina induku Hermes (Mercury);
• iqanda;
• inyoka tripod lika-Apholo;
• isibani;
• I-ANC Impoteha;
• izinyoka entwine esibukweni;
• iqhude;
• elilodwa noma amabili coiled emhlabeni ikhandlela noma isibani izinyoka;
• inyoka Delphi inkaba omphalos;
• Ithoshi noma ikhandlela;
• inhliziyo ezandleni zakhe, kanye nabanye.

Ngakho, singaphetha ngokuthi lo jikelele izimpawu ukuphulukiswa kusho ngokuvamile, futhi enzelwe ukuhlukanisa imithi yangasese izikhombisi-ndlela.

Kungani le nyoka - uphawu imithi

Ekuqaleni impucuko, nje umphakathi bakudala nascent, lapho totems lokuqala zibonisa ukungabi lusizo indoda nemvelo kanye imvelo, inyoka kwaba omunye abalingiswa abasemqoka abazizwa ngayo. Njengoba sekunama yokukhulekela izinyoka chasiselwe imvelo ezimbili okuhle nokubi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abakubonisayo ukukhohlisa njengoba singahambi ngobuqili, futhi ngakolunye - babe iwuphawu ukuhlakanipha, ulwazi kanye nokungafi.

Kuyathakazelisa, kodwa izinkolelo uphawu imithi lasendulo babengene zonke izinyoka non-enobuthi, nibe ethule kangaka. Lokho babizwa ngokuthi "Eskulapovy inyoka." Lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo babe ohloniphekile izakhamuzi lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa izikhungo wezokwelapha eRoma bese kuba iGrisi. Izinyoka sebehamba ngokukhululeka besuka ezweni endlini, awa kabi - ikhotha amanxeba. AmaRoma namaGreki babekukhonzile kakhulu izinyoka lwakhe wagcina nabo emizini yabo, ngezinye izindawo zokugeza, namabhati.

Emiphakathini eminingi inyoka lifanekisela sithomo esihle, kuletha ekhaya inhlalakahle, impilo nenjabulo abahlala kuwo. Futhi, ngokusho legend, inyoka amanxeba futhi bayakwazi ukufundisa ukuhlakanipha zokuphulukisa.

Ezinganekwaneni lasendulo, inyoka wawubuye uhlotshaniswe impilo zabantu nokwelashwa kwazo, futhi emazweni Afrika komculo umuthi. Mhlawumbe lokhu kwenzeka kuphela lapho kungenzeka ukulandelela uchungechunge izinhlangano. Iqiniso liwukuthi e-Afrika, abantu Ukwelapha ithatha nabathakathi kuphela, futhi nazo izinyoka ezinesihlungu lutho nakubathwebuli nakwabanemimoya nakubabikezeli. Futhi kwakukhona uchungechunge izinhlangano: wizadi - Inyoka - ukwelashwa. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nabathakathi seliphelile, kodwa inyoka, niphulukiswe futhi wahlala umsipha eqinile.

Emazweni European, ngokungafani Afrika, le nyoka ongakaphathelani abathakathi ngokuhlakanipha azani bebonke. Liluphawu wobusha okuphakade - rejuvenation kulokhu limelela molt yonyaka, isikhumba ushintsho. ikhono Lokhu inyoka ukuba ngokoqobo 'uphume ngokwabo "atholakala ukubonakaliswa ezithakazelisayo ezinganekwaneni zaseGibhithe. Phakathi kwamabili, omkhulu welanga uRa nge nabasizi bakhe emkhunjini elikhanyayo futhi engena emzimbeni inyoka enkulu. Ekuseni ngo-GUTS bakhe bonke abantwana futhi ahlale emkhunjini baqhubeke nohambo lwabo esibhakabhakeni. Kunjalo, ngokuvumelana nabaseGibhithe lasendulo, ngosuku usuthathelwa ebusuku.

Okunjalo izinganekwane rejuvenation nokungabhubhi khona yezinganekwane Afrika, lezi zindaba nesi nezinganekwane ngesiGreki. Njengoba i uphawu imithi lasendulo, inyoka wayechazwa ngaphandle anezele kanye nezimfanelo. Kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuphela okuningi, zaqala ukungena kwabasebenzi, tripod, esibukweni noma inkomishi abadumile.

Yini indebe

Njengoba uphawu imithi - endishini inyoka ke into elandelayo sizokwazi kahle. Incazelo ezivame kakhulu iqiniso ukuthi waba uphawu lokuhlala indebe okuthile okuhle futhi esibuhlungu, sokuthi kunomuthi, ngenxa bezibona amanzi ahlanzekile e Ezindaweni ezinesomiso wonke. Njengoba izimvula kulezi zindawo bengekho, amanzi aba godsend. Londoloza isipho onkulunkulu wasezulwini ayengakwenza ngezandla zakhe, eligoqiwe endishini, noma amatshe nge anemifantu, sobumba noma insimbi izinto. Njengoba nesomiso yesulwe wonke umzana zabantu, imithandazo imvula ayehambisana izicelo impilo futhi kulondolozwe ukuphila. On stelae baseGibhithe lasendulo futhi yasezindongeni ogulayo, ebhekisela onkulunkulu ukucela yokutakula, ubambe inkomishi ke.

Ukwelashwa ngamanzi isibe tendzabuko emazweni aseMpumalanga sidilizwa naseNdiya. Alchemy ngempela esetshenziswa amanzi noma amazolo wokulungiselela ukuthaka imithi. Angawokuphulukisa esetshenziswa izinkomishi ekhethekile eziqoshwe iziphonso futhi izinhlamvu. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuze kwelashwe yokukhathazeka ( "isifo yokwesaba") amaSulumane esetshenziswa ekhethekile "inkomishi yokwesaba" - zethusi inkomishi, lenziwa ngokukhethekile ehlotshisiwe eMecca futhi amazwi ngobunyoninco ongcwele.

Folk yezinganekwane izikhathi zethu Ukulondolozile inkulumo ethi ezihambisana nezindishi isiko "inkomishi ukuhlupheka", "Ake yendlu iyoba inkomishi ngokugcwele", "ukuphuza indebe kuya phansi," "inkomishi ukubekezela" nabanye. Kulezi amazwi amanga uhlobo ezimbili yesithombe - dvudonny Cup, ukudalwa wezulu nomhlaba. Uma umuntu ophuze indebe yokudala emhlabeni, izibilini zakhe libhekisela zasemhlabeni izinkanuko. Uma uwuphuza indebe ezulwini, umuntu izingqondo ezulwini, izinhloso aqhoshayo, ebugqilini izono yasemhlabeni, neminjunju. Hhayi lutho olunye lwezimpawu of ubuKristu wenhlanganyelo inkomishi - indebe lokukhululwa esonweni.

abasebenzi

Uma ucabangela uhlamvu wezokwelapha, umuntu akakwazi bayakhohlwa a abasebenzi - ifindo isigxobo emhlabeni ngokuvamile zizungezwé yinyoka. Le nto imele induku komgwaqo, okusho abelaphi ezulazulayo. Abasebenzi awugcini nje ngendlela, kodwa futhi kwandisa izinga ukwethenjwa. Izindatshana azibhala Medical of India wanxusa udokotela ukuba baphathe udondolo, ngoba iziguli baba nokuzethemba okwengeziwe abantu unganakile abanolwazi, asebeqinile, ne izibopho izwe.

Kuyinto ngale ndaba futhi waba sibonelo udokotela umoba, ezidumile ikakhulukazi e-England Ephakathi. Ngezinye izikhathi abasebenzi ivezwe njengabantu uphawu wezokwelapha kanye amagatsha namaqabunga. Lwalufanekisela ekuqaleni entsha ekuphileni, rejuvenation.

Ezinye amaphosta awunamatheli khona, kanye nenduku ka-Mercury, noma Hermes. Lokhu unkulunkulu ayebhekwa njengengxenye umlamuleli phakathi kombuso kwabafileyo nabaphilayo, phakathi kwamadoda onkulunkulu. Ngokusho yetinsita Hermes ithole induku yakhe njengesipho esivela Apollo. Kwaba umvuzo yokuthi wasungula insimbi yomculo, efana ihabhu, * kanye virtuoso ukudlala it. AmaGreki ngokuthi lokhu induku kirekiyonom magic, njengoba amaRoma ayembiza kanjalo a caduceus.

Pentagram kanye tripod

Zithandwa nakho kungokomfanekiso wezokwelapha, le Pentagram kanye tripod ka-Apollo.

Eyokuqala wabo - inkanyezi ezinhlanu enamaphoyinti, edonswa umugqa owodwa. Lesi sibonakaliso elisuka eMesophothamiya naseGibhithe. Kukholakala ukuthi ngale ndlela abangu zixhunywe amahlanu eyaziwa ngesikhathi amaplanethi: Mars, Venus, Saturn, i-Mercury ne-Jupiter. Lolu phawu livame ukusetshenziswa njengentelezi futhi njengentelezi ngokumelene imimoya nezidalwa ezibangela usizi isifo. Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, ngesikhathi ukusabalala jikelele ubuKristu kwaba uphawu yezihlubuki Pentagram futhi salandelwa isithombe isandla ngeminwe ukusakaza.

Eyesibili uphawu - tripod ka-Apollo. Ngokokulandisa, esinqeni seNtaba Parnas Apollon wabulala Python - i silo okubi, esigodini okwezikhali zamaNtungwa. Esizeni impi yayakhiwe ethempelini Delphi, ithempeli lika-Apholo. Omunye izindonga zethempeli wayeyidwala kuyiphi agelezé emfantwini iphunga heady. Eduze tripod segolide ehlezi Pythia - a nompristikazi ukuxhumana onkulunkulu futhi ufunde ngakho bayokuzila. Futhi njengoba Apollo kwaba umxhasi imithi nokwelashwa, tripod yendlu yaso engcwele sasifanekisela ekhethekile esihlanganisa izimiso ezintathu imithi:

• observation siqu;
• ukuhlaziywa kokuma zabanye abantu;
• isiphetho by Isifaniso.

Induku yokuzidla Asclepius

Ngakho, yini liwuphawu imithi, esibonisa induku aqala up inyoka? Okokuqala kuyinto ephawulekayo ukuthi lo mshumayeli phawu liyabonakala kakhulu kusukela mayelana VIII ekhulwini BC. Umlando esivelele zalesi sibonakaliso iphindela zamaGreki. Ngokusho yetinsita Asclepius (amaRoma ayibiza ngokuthi Aesculapius) wafunda ibhizinisi, ubuciko zokuphulukisa, a centaur okuthiwa Chiron. Ulwazi olutholayo, wafaka isicelo ngempumelelo practice futhi waba yini umphulukisi onekhono. Aphatha ngayo abantu kahle ukuze uZeyusi wayesaba ukuthi sibonga imizamo yakhe, futhi abantu baba ongafi. Ngakho wabulala Asclepius nge lokuduma.

Kukhona nganekwane owawuthi omunye Asclepius wamenywa enkantolo King Minos, ukuba avuse indodana yakhe efile. Endleleni eya esigodlweni ku induku Asclepius wancika ukuhamba, ngokungazelelwe akhwela inyoka. Udokotela uyesaba futhi sengimbulele. Njengoba masinyane njengoba he abaphundlwe ukuphila esihuquzelayo, aphume ndawo kwakunomuntu inyoka, esizolokhu utshani emlonyeni wakhe. Ngosizo kweqembu utshani inyoka wavusa intombi yakhe, + futhi bebonke + yazithandela kude. Asclepius basiqonda uphawu onkulunkulu, wathola utshani, okuyinto esiqhutshwa emlonyeni inyoka, futhi wakwazi ukuba avuse indodana yeNkosi Minos.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, isithombe lezisebenzi Asclepius iye isetshenziswa njengophawu olumelela zokuphulukisa udokotela yena phathelana ohlonishwa njengomholi unkulunkulu wokwelapha.

Bowl inyoka

Noma kunjalo, ezivame kakhulu uphawu imithi - esitsheni inyoka. Izithombe lokuqala uphawu ziyiminyaka 600-800. BC. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ingxenye yokuqala isithombe ngokwehlukana futhi kwakukhona imfanelo Hygeia, indodakazi Asclepius - inyoka wayemhlonipha ngesandla esisodwa futhi inkomishi - in the kwamanye. Kwaba izithombe kamuva kakhulu kuphela benziwe yomkhakha owodwa.

Okwakushiwo lesi sibonakaliso yangempela siwukuzibusa debatable. Othile amphathe kahle, kodwa omunye umuntu. Ezimweni eziningi, indebe lihlotshaniswa umthamo ukugcina inyoka Isihlungu, izidakamizwa zokwelapha eyaziwa, futhi inyoka limelela ngokuhlakanipha. Nokho, kukhona omunye ukuchaza. Ngokusho kwakhe isibonakaliso sifana udokotela ngesidingo uhlakaniphe, ngokuhlakanipha ukudweba indebe ulwazi emhlabeni yingqondo yomuntu, esigubuzele umhlaba wonke.

incazelo Iningi inhlekisa uhlamvu yasungulwa abafundela ubudokotela. Ngokusho kwabo, uphawu kusho ukuthi udokotela 'nobuqili njengoba inyoka, futhi uthanda ukuba baphuze. "

Namuhla, le logo uvame ukusetshenziswa lapho kubhekiselwe othandweni umsebenzi ezithaka imithi.

caduceus

Inani uphawu Medicine esibonisa induku ezinamaphiko, azungeze okuyinto izinyoka ezimbili curled, hhayi ngokucacile kakhulu.

Iqiniso ukuthi ezemvelo uphawu caduceus eyimfihlakalo, uphawu evikela ukuxhumana kwezohwebo noma zezombangazwe. Kwaba kamuva waba uphawu lokuhlala imithi.

Ukuze kube lula, logo kufanele ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye eziningana:

• Intonga yobukhosi efanekisela wokuPhila, isixhumanisi waphakanyiselwa emkhathini wezulu nomhlaba;
• Helix double ezakhiwe interweaving zemizimba oyinyoka - uphawu amandla cosmic, ubunye eziphikisanako, webumbacambili imihlola;
• ezihuquzelayo ngokwabo - Umsebenzi iphoqa umhlaba nezinye imihlaba.

Cishe, ekuguquleni umlingisi commercial (zezombusazwe) ku zokwelapha ngenxa yokuba khona izinyoka, enika kokubili izidakamizwa zokwelapha kanye ushevu.

Red Cross and Red Crescent

Uma sicabangela izimpawu wezokwelapha, ethandwa emhlabeni wonke, akufanele sikhohlwe mayelana isiphambano esibomvu kanye ucezu. Isimanga siwukuthi kodwa uphawu okunjalo akusho "okuthile yezokwelapha", njengoba kukholelwa kanjalo ngokuvamile ezweni lethu. It yenzelwe ukuvikela odokotela, abalimele, izibhedlela kanye nemitholampilo phakathi empini. Ngakho-ke akakwamukeli ukusebenzisa uphawu enjalo ku Pharmacy, imoto usizo lokuqala kits, imijiva futhi CAPS abasebenzi bezokwelapha nakwezinye izindawo. Njengoba kuhlelwa, kufanele abe "extra" Inani futhi ingasetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.

A ukubaluleka efanayo:

• Red Cross;
• Red Crescent (emazweni Islamic);
• ilanga ingonyama obomvu (e-Iran);
• Red iNkanyezi KaDavide (Israyeli).

Ngaleso sikhathi samanje, iRed Cross Movement matasa ukuklama izimpawu ezintsha, elingenalo izici zobuzwe nezenkolo.

impilo inkanyezi

Symbol wezokwelapha, isithombe okuyinto abekwe ngezansi, akuyona ethandwa kakhulu eRussia. Lona "Star of Life" - uphawu imithi, owazalelwa e-United States. Ngamunye the eqhwa imishayo elifanekisela umsebenzi esikhethekile sesevisi oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha:

• ukuthola;
• uqaphela;
• impendulo;
• usizo endaweni yesehlakalo;
• usizo nge zokuthutha;
• Ezokuthutha ukuze uthole usizo olwengeziwe.

isiphetho

Ubudokotela, akunakwenzeka ukwazi noma abaqondi izimpawu, ukutshengisa ukuphulukiswa. Isithakazelo esikhathini esidlule, njengoba sazi, kudala ikusasa eliqhakazile. Brighter kwalokho esingakucabanga okuqukethwe nokubaluleka baton kwamasiko, kwadluliselwa kithi izizukulwane ezedlule bathi seziphelelwe elikhulu okubaluleke ngokwengeziwe kuba khona kithi. Ngempela, umlingisi ngamunye okhokho bethu ufake nencazelo ekhethekile, eziklanyelwe inani layo lokuxoxela izizukulwane ezizayo.