Loluhlelo zendaba "Priemysh". DN Mamin-eSiberia, "Priemysh": isifinyezo

Ngo imisebenzi izincwadi Russian kulula kakhulu ukuba uthole bedidekile: ngokuchichima izincwadi ezibhalwe abalobi futhi ungenza ukudideka ezingqondweni abadala unshod okukhulunywa ngakho, ngakho, yebo, futhi izingane ezincane. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kutuswa ukusebenzisa umkhuba wokubhala amapulani capacious kuzokukhumbuza schematically ku amaphuzu enkulumo ayisihluthulelo elandisayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizobe ukwethula plan indaba "Priomysh".

Ukuqala izindlela zokudala kumbhali

Loluhlelo zendaba "Priemysh" kungeke kwanikezwa ngaphandle iphuzu kwachazwa ukuthi kuyinto impilo kumdlali. Kungani Mamin-Siberian wadala-product efanayo nalena? Uhlobene kanjani ukuba yomlando wakhe?

Iqiniso liwukuthi, owazalwa ngo-November 1852 edolobhaneni nge igama ezithakazelisayo Shaitan-kwencika ukuthi isifundazwe Perm (manje Visim Sverdlovsk esifundeni), Dmitry Narkisovich, indodana umpristi ekuzwa, waba nesithakazelo izincwadi kusukela zisencane. Ekuqaleni, kulandele indlela ezingokomoya, lomncane kunatsi sonkhe usele wami, ngemva efundisa eYekaterinburg esikoleni zenkolo (1866) kanye Perm Theological Seminary waqaphela ukuthi ibandla akabe kuningi esifana. Imfundo ekulesi sikole zokugcina yavula ithalente labhaliwe; kulapha lapho waba umlutha imicabango waseHerzen, Dobrolyubov, Chernyshevsky futhi baqala ukuzama yena ngokubhala ngisho noma ngaleso sikhathi namanje buthaka kakhulu, kodwa noma ngaphandle kwenzalo izindaba.

izinhlobonhlobo inhlanhla

Nokho, uyini lo ukubaluleka inothi oluchaza iwukuba plan indaba "Priomysh"? Kusengenzeka ngempela lelikhashane kakhulu. Ngemva zokuphila kombhali sashintsha isigubhukane Vector yayo, futhi wenze ukukhetha esivuna entfutfukweni yabo kwezinye izinkomba, sengathi isiphetho uqobo ekuqaleni ukufaka kuye izinti eziningi amasondo.

Ngemva kokuphothula kulesi sikole sobufundisi ngo-1871, Dmitry waya Petersburg, lapho babhaliswa lokuqala ngesikhathi vet, bese ngesikhathi womnyango wezokwelapha we Medical Steel-Academy, bese - abe ubuhlakani yemvelo Petersburg University, okuvela kulo ngemva 2-Yebo idluliselwe emkhakheni wemisebenzi yezomthetho. Nokho, lapha ikusasa umlobi odumile futhi waqala nezinkinga ezingathi sína bazenza wazizwa ubunzima impahla, yempilo engeyinhle, ngisho ukuthuthukiswa isifo sofuba.

Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-1877, Dmitry wabuyela Urals lakubo ngalesi sikhathi uyise eshona. Ukunakekela labazalwane nodade ababesiza okudingeka ukufunde, waba semahlombe umlobi. Phakathi nale nkathi, ngemva kokuthuthela eYekaterinburg, umbhali ngenkuthalo wafunda ngomlando, ezomnotho kanye yemvelo engafani Ural. Ngaphezu isithakazelo izakhamuzi amahlathi namasimu, waba kangcono izakhamuzi emizaneni nasemadolobheni. Kuyinto lezi 2 emhlabeni, futhi kuyobonakala imisebenzi ikusasa UMBHALI uzobe kuhlobene ngentambo.

Ngokokuqala ngqá ke luyokwembulwa iqoqo Tindzaba "Kusukela Urals eMoscow." Ngalesi sikhathi, Mamin ozalwa uthola Mamin-eSiberia; wathatha ngemvume izindaba zabo umkhuba mbumbulu "D. ESiberia "futhi usanda kujoyina zezindlu isibongo ngegama etemibhalo. Ngo eYekaterinburg, umbhali nabo bahlangana kumkakhe wokuqala, Mariey Alekseevoy.

Ukudala kwezinhlansi izigemegeme ezenzeka

Ngo-1890 Dmitry Narkisovich wahlukanisa nomkakhe kuqala bese bajoyine ifindo okwesibili nge ezahlukene okhethiweyo -proslavlennoy ngenkathi umculi eYekaterinburg Drama Theatre M. Abramova. Lo mbhangqwana wathuthela ukuze Petersburg.

Ekugcineni, sifika ukubaluleka, ngokuya ekubhaleni uhlelo zendaba "Priemysh" ingxenye, siqala ukukhuluma mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinhlelo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwencazelo ukuthi ikuphi ukuhlupheka Mamin-Siberian esiye sabhekana nazo esikhathini sakhe. Ngemva konyaka unkosikazi umshado umbhali othandekayo washona ngesikhathi sokuzalwa nzima, kusale izandla komyeni wakhe indodakazi ogulayo Alena. Lesi senzakalo kwaba ukushaqeka wangempela umbhali, njengoba kufakazelwa izincwadi zakhe siqu nabangane nomkhaya.

Yayiyini ukuzwakalisa Dmitry Narkisovich? Ezemfundo kanye anakekele indodakazi yakhe, kanye umsebenzi, okuyinto isibe ububanzi elithelayo. Kube ochungechungeni lwezincwadi ezithi "Alenushkiny Tales" zezingane, esahlanganisa kokubuyekezwa futhi kulesi sihloko, "Priomysh". Mamin-Siberian ngomoya ophansi wahlala Petersburg kuze 1900, waqhubeka ukubhala ngoba indodakazi wakithi nangami, wadala, phakathi kwezinye izinto, inoveli omangalisayo "Isinkwa" nemiqulu emibili yethi "The Tales Ural". Nokho, isifo sofuba ubizwa kancane kancane kukhathalekile. Ngo-November, Dmitry Narkisovich wafa, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emibili nje ufile indodakazi yakhe Alena, okuyinto, ngaphezu nezinye izindaba eziningi ezinhle, wanikezela indaba yakhe "Priomysh" Mamin-laseSiberia.

isifinyezo

Indlela zihlolisisa uhlelo umkhiqizo ku? Ngemva ehlaziya emfushane futhi alupheli, njengoba esimweni sethu, oluchaza futhi zomlando, kufanele uthuthukise kuzo ngokuphathelene izikhathi ayisihluthulelo umlando, ukuthi ukuphendukela Isifingqo yayo Executive. Isihloko "Priomysha" Mamin-Sibiryak - ubuhlobo phakathi komuntu nemvelo, zamagama abo indissoluble. Lokhu kungabonakala owokuqala umugqa wokugcina: kuvula isiqephu elandisayo yale umzingeli iza wayovakashela umngane wakhe omuhle, a abadobi engenabantu ubudala abahlala kuleli chibi ngo ibanga kusuka kwamanye zokuhlala. Umfundi amawashi njengoba yemlandzi-umzingeli ihlangabezana inja Sobolkov; ngemva kwesikhathi eside oseyili isikebhe futhi umnikazi ngokuthi Taras, ngezifiso phambi dada emhlophe. ukwabelana Umdobi nomngane: abazali zezinyoni abasha ebulawelwa kumnandi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kuba - uyintandane, Priomysh, futhi uyinakekele, ngaphandle Taras, akekho.

Lo mfundi wabe esechaza indlela Umkhulu yakhe iboshelwe enhle, inyoni esinesithunzi. Emkhonzayo at umphefumulo wakhe, futhi ngenxa yalokho sebekubeke enqaba ukuthena "izidalwa zikaNkulunkulu" amaphiko ukuhlanganisa uxhumano nomsebenzisi yakhe kuze kube phakade kweqhugwane. Yiqiniso, Taras abakhohliswa: ucabanga ukuthi leli dada uzohlala naye kuze kube phakade, lapho le nyoni, ngemva kokungabaza eside, namanje endiza climes ukufudumala nozakwabo bomdabu. Lokhu umfundi ubona ungayichaza kanjani ngonyaka olandelayo ngemehlo umzingeli, umdobi futhi ubeke izinto eqhugwaneni. Ngakho, icebo kwendikimba kwendaba izokuba izinto 4 ezilandelayo:

1. Ukubukeka dada emphilweni Taras.
2. Ubungane Sobolkov futhi Yokutholwa Ingane.
3. Swan futhi umhlambi nabo.
4. Ukuhlukana noMsindisi.

Sichaza le nkinga futhi umqondo

Uma isihloko kucacile, izigcawu ukhiye asethwe, sekuyisikhathi ukushintshela kwezinye izigaba ezifanele ukuhlaziywa umkhiqizo. Sibona inkinga, okuyinto reflection yesizungu womuntu. Taras bangaya kubantu futhi silwe izinkumbulo Priomyshe, kodwa angakwenzi, ngoba uxhumano nemvelo kubaluleke ngaphezu kwanoma ukuxhumeka kwezwe labantu futhi ungaqondakali, kodwa isithombe nice ehlanzekile wokuqala ke kuyabiza ngaphezu falseness futhi artificiality yesibili. indaba umqondo ukwenza kugcizelelwa umbono yokuthi isondele kuya ngobunjalo babantu isikhala; ngisho noma abameleli balo inkululeko abathanda umphakathi abakhethiwe nomusa ube nokunakekela, kodwa namanje abantu, ezivulekile, izigodi, amahlathi namasimu, akufanele ingathukutheli nemvelo futhi ukuqalekisa wakhe, ngoba inkululeko yakhe yena muhle.

Ukuhlaziywa bokubanga nokwenza njengoba izingxenye saziso umsebenzi plan

I bokubanga esiyinhlekelele, okungukuthi abanothando ithoni imisebenzi, ikakhulukazi kwembulwe isigqoko sendaba, ukuthi iphuzu ukunakekelwa Priomysha nge kweqembu nezinye ahlanzekile agcwele izinhlanzi namahansi, kodwa umoya dreary yokudabuka usukela kulo lonke icebo lendwangu wendalo. Lokhu sikubona ukushayisana ezifihliwe ezenzeka umphefumulo umdobi sika. Taras zimpi yangaphakathi naye, ngoba wayethethelela kakhulu linamathele inyoni, kodwa, nokho, njengoba indoda abanolwazi, ngaso sonke isikhathi waqonda - ke kuyodingeka uyayekela ngokushesha noma kamuva.

Ukwakheka umkhiqizo "Priemysh" Mamin-laseSiberia, umcondvo lobalulekile okuyinto isidingo somxhaso futhi mhlawumbe ngisho kuthuthukiswe esibuhlungu ngokomzwelo, kodwa namanje ukusiza, ukwesekwa, ubungani phakathi kwendoda kummeleli izwe zemvelo eziyingqayizivele, ilula. It inezingxenye 6:

• Esanduleleni sayo kunala mazwi, lapho amehlo master-umzingeli echazwe abode umdobi ethafeni nendlu yakhe;
• ukuchayeka, lapho umfundi amawashi eseyikhehla ngifuna kude eqhugwaneni uplyvshego dada;
• the main okuyingxenye, elichaza ukuphila ndawonye omkhaya, kanye Taras, futhi Sobolkov Yokutholwa Ingane;
• emvuthwandaba, kakade ngenhla;
• okuhlangana kuyo, lapho umdobi lihlukaniswe ne master indaba Ukuhamba dada kanye yokuvalelisa kuye;
• isiphetho sendaba, elichaza ukuhlupheka ixhegu kanjani uyabakhumbula kakhulu.

Amathekhiniki eziyisisekelo umhlobiso

Phakathi izindlela eziyinhloko zihlanganisa izimfanelo portrait abalingiswa kanye namaqhawe yesithombe ngokusebenzisa izenzo nangezenzo. isithombe Epic of Taras ikakhulukazi kakhulu wembulela lelandzisako siqu lapho kugxilwa kangako ngomfanekiso izici zalo zangaphandle (ubude, nge lwentshebe grey nesilevu namehlo grey) noma uhlamvu izimfanelo (inhlonipho, abakhathalelayo, onesizotha, uhlobo), kodwa kunalokho sendlela ukuthi kuziveza maqondana nxazonke zakhe.

Rybak kwaba ngenhlonipho ukuba izilwane, ngothando, sengathi umuntu wakhuluma 'smart inyoni ", futhi bebonke ukuhlonipha imithetho amahlathi, amachibi, imifula, emasimini ngoba kwakuyisikhathi owawuqondene naye endaweni lwempela emphakathini, ngalo basebenzisana njalo. Futhi konke lokhu - ne amalunga Taras, ababengeke bakwazi ukukhumbula ncamashi wazalwa nini, namanje amangalelwe nokuthi wayekubonile ngaphezulu ayehlasela isiFulentshi 1812. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, ngokwendlela chronotope kwendaba (synthesis izici yesikhashana futhi ngekwendzawo), + wayeneminyaka engaba ngamashumi 90 ubudala!

Umlandi ubuhlobo Taras

Elinye lamaphuzu yokugcina uhlelo kungaba ibonisa indlela obheka master umdobi. Through the abazingeli sengqondo kuyofikwa futhi ukufakwa umbhali: kuwukuthi la amandla elula kodwa kuyiqiniso emasikweni nasezimfundisweni izimiso zabo abantu wabona nokushayela aphathelene nalokhu kuphila. Hhayi umzingeli angakhulumanga lutho ngaso bomuntu omdala ngokuthi "omuhle, smart," abaningi onolwazi futhi ezithakazelisayo ukutshela yezinganekwane ezahlukene indoda. Kukhona isimo sengqondo esihle kakhulu umlingiswa oyinhloko webhayisikobho umuntu ukuthi unolwazi futhi umfundi.

umbono wakhe

Isihloko unikeza impendulo yombuzo zendlela yokwenza icebo. Uma injongo ekuwulungiseleleni - ke okunye ubhala indzaba noma impendulo enemininingwane ke ukuqedela lo msebenzi kungaba impendulo kancane. "Priomysh ababuyelanga Taras, futhi, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi le ndoda endala ekugcineni kuba into edabukisayo, kuyafana wazi: yena ekuqaleni owakhetha kahle kuphela. Wayengazi ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi Swan - khulula njengoba inyoni, okufanele kube umkhaya wakhe? Kodwa umdobi namanje bamsize lapho wayedinga ke, bese hhayi zigundiwe kwamaphiko aso, enika ilungelo lokunquma ukuthi yini imbangela ngenxa yokuziphakamisa kanye nenhlonipho "- uyisibonelo kanjani ukuqedela ukuhlaziya indaba.