Kwencika Functional zemininingwane zingubudlelwane

Imininingwane bekulokhu i ashukumisayo ezanele kwezinhloso zenzuzo. Development, izizinda zemininingwane zingubudlelwane nolwazi ubuchwepheshe izilimi izinhlelo Sakushintsha kakhulu lokucuketfwe nekuhlela isithakazelo. Kukhona othile esiqinile ukumelwa uhlelo. Semthethweni, izibalo ngqo kanye nobudlelwane kanambambili babé eliphumelelayo elikhula ngokushesha, indawo ubuchwepheshe nolwazi.

Izwe engokwemvelo Imininingwane ayikashintshi Dynamics yayo nasekuthuthukiseni lokucuketfwe nekuhlela, akhwela kuya ezinyoni. It has simise bushelelezi, futhi ngokwemvelo akukho "unxande". Imininingwane Yiqiniso, zibe semthethweni, kodwa has a ashukumisayo, ukushintsha hhayi kuphela idatha kanye algorithm processing zabo, ukushintsha imisebenzi ngokwabo, namasimu abo kwesicelo.

Imininingwane> semthethweni idatha >>

Ulwazi iguqulwe ibe idatha (imodeli idatha, ulwazi isakhiwo, data base ...) njengoba ubona uMklami. Asikho isiqinisekiso sokuthi lo mbono ilungile, kodwa uma uhlelo uyayixazulula inkinga, idatha sethulwa ngendlela ngokwanele kungenzeka.

Umbuzo kolwazi semthethweni kanjani kahle - kuyindaba isikhathi. Kuze kube manje, umqondo Dynamics (self-lithathelwe ekushintsheni imibandela yokusetshenziswa) - abagcina lwezinhlelo.

kwencika Functional: "isinqumo esifanele = Uhlelo (uMklami)" futhi isimo "inkinga ukuhambisana okuqhubekayo" avumelekile ezimweni eziningi, kodwa ndawonye kuphela. Kodwa lokhu akulona njalo zezibalo, esetshenziswa ukudala yolwazi.

isitatimende Direct: Dynamics yemvelo futhi okuqhubekayo kolwazi tinkinga tetibalo algorithm ngempela njalo. A database zingubudlelwane kuyinto maqondana kanambambili + wezibalo esiqinile design esisemthethweni olunembile + ...

Idatha, amafayela yolwazi

Indlela idatha egcinwe isikhathi eside akusho lutho, kungaba inkumbulo noma nedivayisi yangaphandle. Hardware ingxenye ifinyelele elilingene yentuthuko kanye nokuqinisekisa izinga okuhle omningi.

ongakhetha isitoreji Main, embodiments sihluke ukusetshenziswa:

• amafayela;
• egciniwe.

Eyokuqala kunikezwa yibhece uhlelo (ukuthi irekhodi, kulokho format, indlela yokukwenza, indlela ukufunda ...), owesibili ngokushesha kuletha isidingo ulwazi ukuncika elula sokusebenza.

Izinga izibonelo zalokho futhi ukuqopha ulwazi amafayela (yobukhulu ezinengqondo futhi hhayi yezinkanyezi) kuyashesha kakhulu, futhi ijubane efanayo semininingwane ukusebenza ngezinye izikhathi kungaba kakhulu kancane.

ngalakufundze emphilweni, ukuhlakanipha lilonke

Emlandweni kube nemizamo ukuya ngaphesheya Umkhawulo is ufinyelelwe, kodwa kuze kube yilolu suku abuse yolwazi zingubudlelwane. A ingcebo ezingaba theory, umkhuba Onjiniyela olunzulu - oqeqeshiwe.

Lo mbono sokuncika obusebenzayo semininingwane Onjiniyela Sigcizelela uMklami, ngisho nobe loyo muntfu Akahlosile ukusebenzisa ingcebo yolwazi zezibalo-okunengqondo yokwakha eziyinkimbinkimbi izakhiwo ulwazi, izinqubo, umsebenzi nabo, izibonelo zalokho futhi ukuqopha ulwazi.

Ngisho esimweni elula, uhlelo kuncike logic egciniwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi akhetha ukusebenza. Akukho isifiso ukulandela canons, ungasebenzisa amafayela uthole okuningi amafayela, futhi eziningi esibhekana nazo ekuphileni. isikhathi esiningi siqu uzobe wachitha, kanye nenkinga ziyoxazululwa isikhathi eside.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lunzima kangakanani zingavela izibonelo sokuncika ukusebenza, lokhu akusho ukuthi kujule ekujuleni incazelo kanye logic. Ngokuvamile, kufanele siqaphele ukuthi ukuhlakanipha collective ukwazi ukudala yolwazi ehlukene, usayizi ezahlukene nokusebenza:

• Oracle okuqinile;
• efuna ukuphuca i-MS Server SQL ;
• MySQL ethandwa.

- esihle yolwazi zingubudlelwane nge idumela elihle, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, okusheshayo ezandleni onekhono. Ukusebenzisa kwabo konga isikhathi futhi aqede isidingo ukubhala ishidi ikhodi asizayo esilandelayo.

Izici Programming neda

Ngo izinhlelo Sekuyisikhathi eside isifo ukuthi njalo kabusha, ukuphinda umsebenzi ngaphambili, ukuthi ngandlela-thile okuthile ukuzivumelanisa Imininingwane zishintshile, umsebenzi, noma izimo yokusetshenziswa kwawo.

I engavamile kokwethembela obusebenzayo wukuthi, njengoba ngesiphambeko izinhlelo kungaba eqolo. Umsebenzi yinto engelula neze. Ngokuvamile, ngesikhathi esisukela kumhla zi ulwazi etholwe umfanekiso eziyinkimbinkimbi idatha. izakhi zabo ngokuvamile likhonjwa ke basuke exhumene ubudlelwano ezithile eziyinhloko, bese kokuba algorithm esungulwe uhlobo amatafula, imibuzo, imininingwane ukubuyiswa algorithm.

Ngokuvamile ongowenani elikhulu kuboshelwe ukufaka ikhodi. Akubona bonke yolwazi ukunikela izixazululo mobile zingaqhubekela sibhekene MySQL ubukele kahle kanjani, lapho sithola yolwazi kweshumi, ukusebenza kakhulu futhi uzinze, ephoqa unjiniyela ukwenza base nanye ezifana nalezo kakade lapho.

Kunezikhathi lapho ukusingathwa wabelane kukhawula ukusebenza PHP futhi kuthinta izinhlelo lokufinyelela egciniwe.

Ngo lanamuhla umthwalo izinhlelo elingana neholo Uhlelo umthwalo algorithm kudalwa imodeli idatha. Bonke kufanele basebenze, kodwa kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ugxumela Maze le mfundiso.

DB: Ubuhlobo lesilula idatha

Okokuqala, umqondo egciniwe - lokhu database njengoba indlela yokuphatha yolwazi (isib MySQL), kanti ezinye isakhiwo Imininingwane khomba izinto idatha kanye nobudlelwane phakathi kwabo. Omunye database MySQL «ukubambelela» ku ngokwaso njengoba abaningi izakhiwo ulwazi izicelo ahlukahlukene. Omunye Oracle egciniwe ingase inikeze ulwazi izinqubo inkampani enkulu noma amasheke ukulawula ezokuphepha kanye nedatha ubuqotho ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, kokuba esisogwini iqoqo kumakhompyutha kukhona at amabanga ezahlukene ezahlukene ithuluzi ezindaweni.

Ezamukelwe ngokuthi isilinganiso iyona eyisisekelo imodeli zingubudlelwane. Kuvele maqondana aphansi - iqoqo kanye nemigqa nge amagama namanani. Classic "ibhokisi" (bheka ithebula) - a intuthuko elula nephumelelayo. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi futhi ukwencika obusebenzayo database iqala lapho "amabhokisi" sebeqala ungene ubuhlobo nomunye.

Igama ikholomu ngayinye etafuleni ngalinye kumele ahluke ngokomongo yenkinga. Kungokufanayo nangokuzihlanganisa kungeke kwanikezwa amatafula amabili. Yazi ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuthi imiqondo:

• "Ukuchaza okushiwo";
• "Ungafaki komsebenzi";
• "Ubuhlobo okungaguquki";
• "Ukuze siqinisekise ukunemba."

- i aphansi udinga ukusebenzisa database bese wakha imodeli idatha umsebenzi othize.

Ukwephula yimiphi imiqondo le - nekusebenta eliphansi algorithm, kancane idatha izibonelo zalokho, ukulahleka kwedatha nezinye izinkathazo.

kwencika Functional: logic kanye nencazelo

Awukwazi ukufunda mayelana tuples of ubudlelwano, mayelana lokuthi umsebenzi - iqoqo agumenti afanayo sesethi yamanani kanye umsebenzi - akuyona nje ifomula noma uhlelo, kodwa kumele inikwe sesethi yamanani - etafuleni.

Akunjalo ngempela, kodwa lokho akusho ubuhlungu ukumela ubuhlobo obusebenzayo njengoba:

F (x1, X2, ..., XN) = (Y1, y2, ..., yn).

Kodwa qiniseka ukuthi uyaqonda ukuthi emnyango - etafuleni, okukhiphayo futhi etafuleni noma isinqumo esithile. Ngokuvamile, ubuhlobo obusebenzayo usetha logic of the ubuhlobo phakathi amatafula, imibuzo, amalungelo, trigger, izinqubo egcinwe nezinye izikhathi (izingxenye) egciniwe.

Ngokuvamile, amatafula ibe each nye ngalesosikhathi kumphumela. Kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwencika obusebenzayo akugcini umqondo onjalo. UMklami eyakha ukumelwa idatha ukucinga indikimba yendaba, imodeli lesizinda, ulwazi isakhiwo ... kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuyibiza, kodwa uma usebenzela database ethize, kumele zisekelwe ukuhlakanipha kwaso, acabangele incazelo kanye lwesigodi of Ulimi olusetshenziswa yayo, njengoba umthetho, SQL.

Singasho bathi izakhiwo obusebenzayo ukuncika semininingwane olutholakala lwesigodi esetshenziswa ulimi SQL. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi emva wonke ube nezikhathi ezinzima nezimnandi yentuthuko, hhayi yolwazi bebaningi kangaka abasindayo, kodwa imixhantela eminingi ngolimi kanye imininingwane izakhiwo yangaphakathi kuleli yolwazi, futhi.

Hawu Excel ezimnandi zakudala

Lapho computer siye sazibonakalisa ohlangothini oluhle, izwe kanye ihlukaniswe program nabasebenzisi. Njengomthetho, ukusetshenziswa lokuqala:

• PHP, Perl, i-JavaScript, C ++, eDelphi.
• MySQL, Oracle, MS SQL Server, Visual FoxPro.

lesibili:

• Igama.
• Excel.

Abanye abasebenzisi balawule ukwenza bebodwa (ngaphandle kosizo program) eZwini Database - a umbhedo yangempela.

Okwenzeka abasebenzisi Excel ukwakha semininingwane - okusebenzayo kanye ezithakazelisayo. Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-Excel, ngokwalo, ukusebenza, agqamile esisebenzayo.

umqondo tabular uye kuchazwe umqondo sokuncika obusebenzayo ukubonakala kanye lungeneke, kodwa umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama kukhona at database ngamunye. Wonke umuntu zabo "ubuso", kodwa i-Excel Oracle lokuxhaphaza izikwele elula, amatafula isb.

Uma sicabanga ukuthi Excel - lokhu akukona egciniwe, kodwa eziningi, abasebenzisi (hhayi onjiniyela) it is ngakho wasebenzisa, kanye Oracle - liyinkimbinkimbi futhi enamandla ukufeza iqembu elikhulu Onjiniyela osensimini ka yolwazi, kuba engokwemvelo ukuvuma - database ukumelwa uhlelo oluthile (ithimba) yenkinga ethile futhi isixazululo yayo.

Buyini ubuhlobo obusebenzayo, nalokho, kuphi, kungani ... ngokusobala kuphela umlobi noma iqembu yalo.

Mayelana lapho zengqondo zingubudlelwane kukhona

Kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe intuthuko - okuyinto ebuhlungu kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngendlela enesihluku. Uma ukhumbule lapho database uqalise, lokho .dbf *, kokubili cybernetics uphawu ke wamthanda computer science futhi baqala ukuhlela izithiyo ukuhamba zobuchwepheshe ezingeni lezwe, kuyacaca ukuthi kungani yolwazi zingubudlelwane kukhona olukhuni ngakho futhi ezinhle. Kungani isitayela zakudala kule izinhlelo bukhoma ngosuku, futhi izinhlelo into ezinesejwayezi umane zenani, kodwa ingakamiswa nokudonswa ngekhala.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yayiyinhle kangakanani ubuhlobo obusebenzayo ngokomongo wezibalo:

Leli akulona ubuhlobo kanambambili, noma kunalokho, kuba isikhathi ukuba uhlaziye umbono wokusungula ubudlelwano phakathi sebuningini izimfanelo, ukuba liphenye "okukodwa-abaningi" zokuxhumana, "abaningi komunye", "abaningi abaningi" noma "abaningi, futhi omunye umKristu ngokukhethekile."

ubudlelwane Izinketho ungakwazi yini ukubhala imigomo okunhlobonhlobo. Lokhu iimbalo logic, futhi is luma! Imininingwane - it has wezibalo ayo, okungenxa yezimo ezikhethekile. Kungaba kuphela kube okokugcina icala ukusho kusimo enkulu kakhulu.

Ungakwazi bahlele umsebenzi emnyangweni izisebenzi, bhala ACS for the isizinda uwoyela noma ekukhiqizeni ubisi, isinkwa, wenze ukukhetha ngendlela base enkulu yakwa-Google, Yandex futhi Rambler, kodwa umphumela uyohlale static, futhi iphuzu ngalinye ngesikhathi kuyafana!

Uma ubuhlobo obusebenzayo = logic esiqinile kanye mathematics = isisekelo database, onjani Dynamics singakhuluma. Noma isiphi isinqumo kuyoba esisemthethweni, iyiphi imodeli esisemthethweni idatha + = algorithm azinabo isinqumo eqondile ngalokuvakalako. Imininingwane nobubanzi yiluphi uhlelo eshintsha ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Sample injini search ibinzana efanayo akukwazi okufanayo ngemva kwehora noma amabili, kanye, ngokucacile, ngosuku - uma nebinzana ibhekisela endaweni Imininingwane lapho eziningana sites, izinsiza, ulwazi, kanye nezinye izakhi ngokuqhubekayo ekushintsheni .

Mayelana imigqa kanye netintfo

Ngisho noma uhlelo luyingxenye zezibalo, futhi database yayo ngisho ecabanga Dynamics zonke kukhona njalo umugqa. Futhi kukhona umugqa eside. Futhi akupheli akukwazi. Kungase ngisho kube kwenombolo, variable ngokwemibandela kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma yimuphi database ye zezibalo kanye kanambambili-mthetho sama yabo ziwumthwalo eziningi okusemthethweni, futhi lokhu ngejubane + izinga izibonelo zalokho nolwazi kucutshungulwa.

строки условно-переменной длины с массой бинарных формальностей и строгих математических ограничений. Uma lezi noma nezinye izindima database idatha, ikakhulukazi yangempela umkhawulo niyozenezelelwa: inombolo kancane, khona uhlamvu 'e', isethulo format - ngamafuphi yonke indawo futhi njalo izakhiwo ebalulekile obusebenzayo semininingwane ukuncika: string okunemibandela obuphelele variable ngongqimba kanambambili okusemthethweni futhi esiqinile izingqinamba zezibalo.

Uma ushintsha ithoni ulalele pulse Dynamics, zoke izinto edwetshwe. Esikhathini isilinganiselo lokuqala, igama ikholomu ethebuleni - uyinto, uhlu lwamagama - into efanayo, kuthebula iDemo - i unhlokweni into futhi amagama amakholomu kwesihloko. Futhi ofeleba alikwazanga ...

Nokho, amayunithi wezinhlamvu kungenzeka itafula. Nasendleleni zingaba yinzuzo. Futhi kungani kufanele njalo inombolo efanayo. ithebula square Okugcwele - lokhu ethile, futhi ezimweni eziningi, yangasese.

Uma ukucabanga yonke imiklamo e izinto semininingwane ke, mhlawumbe, akudingeki ukuba ukwakha ubudlelwane kanambambili esiqinile. Lena yemvelo futhi ngomqondo ophelele, uma kuphela ngoba umgomo ka (ngokuqinisekile ngeke zezibalo) logic ibonisa Dynamics of the ulwazi kanye imvelo lapho kukhona imisebenzi.