Kuyini umkhiqizi ku-ecosystem

Kuyini eziphilayo? Lobu bunye wazo zonke izinto eziphilayo nendawo ezungezile. Ecosystem ukhona njengeyunithi eyodwa, konke kuhlobene nomunye. Kulesi sihloko sibheka ubudlelwano ukudla, okungukuthi enjalo abakhiqizi, consuments, decomposers.

Eziwukudla

Ake uqale nge nomqondo biogeocoenose. Lobu buhlobo obuphakathi kwabangu izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto eziphilayo nendawo abahlala kuyo-non-eziphilayo. Ngakho, ngo-biogeocoenose ngamunye izixhumanisi ezine:

• izici Abiotic. Laba yibo bonke izindlela imvelo eyayibonakala ngazo ezingaphili, okuyinto ngandlela-thile izinto eziphilayo. Isibonelo kungaba ukukhanya, izinga lokushisa nokunye.
• Abakhiqizi. Kuyini umkhiqizi? Lena ngokuyinhloko isitshalo. Bona synthesize organic compounds kusukela wezinto ezingaphili, kulesi sigaba sihlanganisa eminye amagciwane.
• Consuments (noma ngenye indlela - abathengi). Ingabe izinto eziphilayo adla izinto okudalwe abakhiqizi.
• Decomposers (lokhu isikhunta, lenyama, amagciwane amaningi). Bona kabusha efile organic compounds ukuze wezinto ezingaphili.

Kuyini umkhiqizi?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kukhona izinto eziphilayo lapho ukucubungula organic kwakwakhe wezinto ezingaphili. Yiziphi abakhiqizi eziphilayo nendawo hlala? Ake uqale nge yokuthi ke autotrophs, ezitshalweni eziluhlaza. Kuyini umkhiqizi eziwukudla? Lesi isixhumanisi sokuqala kuwo wonke siqala. Kungakhathaliseki eziwukudla ungase beveza, njalo iqala nge simila.

echibini ecosystem

Cabanga semvelo echibini, okungukuthi ingxenye biotic. Kuyini umkhiqizi ku-ecosystem? Lapha badlala indima ulwelwe, izitshalo ezinkulu nezimila phansi. Lapho la magciwane amanzi amaningi eqala tint oluhlaza.

Futhi ukwaba abathengi zamabanga aphansi naphezulu. Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka zihlanganisa izinto eziphilayo zidla izitshalo futhi izinsalela zabo, ubheke izilwane ezidla ezinye yesibili adla abathengi eyinhloko noma, noma nomunye.

Izakhamuzi Okwesithathu semvelo - ke saprotrophs ezihlala kuyo yonke indawo, kodwa ikakhulukazi ekuqongeleleni siyenzeka ezansi inala eziphilayo efile, izinqubo zazo basuke benza.

laboratory ecosystem

Ososayensi ukudala isimiso semvelo laboratory ekhethekile ngesifundo eningiliziwe zonke izenzakalo. Yiqiniso, ulahlekile futhi bioekosistem, kodwa mkhulu kangangokuthi ukuhlola ngokugcwele zonke imininingwane akunakwenzeka. Isibonelo uhlelo esinjalo aquarium laboratory.

Izibonelo amaketanga ukudla

Kungakhathaliseki sithatha semvelo (zemvelo noma laboratory) kuba njalo kungenzeka ukuba wenze eziwukudla. Ukuze kahle ukwenza, udinga ukwazi ukuthi liqukethe amayunithi ezintathu kuya kweziyisihlanu. Ngokwesibonelo, i-aphansi eziwukudla phezu kwala maphuzu amathathu: iklabishi - unogwaja - abantu. Noma neketanga eziyinkimbinkimbi: isitshalo - isinambuzane - frog - ukhozi. Izibonelo ezinjalo kungadalwa mass.

Izibonelo ezingenhla azilona kuphela kungenzeka. Lezi ziimbonelo zemihlobo nedlelo ngamaketanga, kodwa kukhona nekwandzisa amaketanga aqala eziphilayo efile futhi bagcina izilwane ezincane.

Ukusakazwa izidakamizwa

Njengoba sekushiwo, ngokwemvelo konke kungokwemvelo futhi konke kuhlobene. Uma sihlola e kabanzi zonke izinqubo, siphawula ukuthi kukhona umjikelezo omubi, okuyinto akunandlela yokugqashula. Nasi isibonelo: nabakhiqizi izinto wezinto kwemiqondo nge organic amandla elanga (amandla elanga ibe amandla chemical). Lezi organic compounds kudingeka eziphilayo heterotrophic phezu cleavage, okuholela kwetinhlavu compounds wezinto nokunye.

Umhlaba ngokwemvelo ukuba khona kule planethi yethu ebandleni bekungekhe kukghonakale uma abanye isici iphele. Amandla alipheli ngokuphelele, iya kwezinye izifundazwe.