Kuyini ukucwaswa? Ukubalwa selectivity wesifunda amadlambi

Ngu selectivity ehloselwe ezinamafutha akahle mshini ukuvikelwa izifunda amadivayisi kagesi. Ngenxa fuses noma wesifunda amadlambi is kuvinjelwe futhi ukwehluleka amandla omlilo wiring imithwalo ezixhunywe kulo nge izifunda esifushane futhi exceedances amahlelo at amasayithi akhethiwe, uma lonke wesifunda Sizoqhubeka nokusebenza.

Isikimu of Automata

Lo mbono wokuthi selectivity ezinjalo ingatholakala ngokucabangela scheme ekhaya panel kagesi.

Uma short circuit ekhishini noma ezinye Igumbi kufanele asebenze apharathasi zokuzivikela eyodwa kuphela esiphathelene iketanga. entry okuzenzakalelayo ayibuyi off, futhi uyosingatha ugesi ukuze izigaba asele. Uma nganoma isiphi isizathu inkinobho for ekhishini ayisebenzanga, ke inkinga ngeke ukulawula ukungena okuzenzakalelayo ngokuvala amandla kubo bonke izifunda kagesi.

ngezigaba

Uyini selectivity umshini, kungaba amelwe ifomu amaqoqo zabo, bakha imizila edingekayo yokwenza imidvwebo.

1. Qedela. Uma uchungechunge Daisy amadivaysi amaningi kwi overcurrent iyaphendula nguye eziseduze indawo eziphuthumayo.
2. Kwengxenye. Ukuvikelwa iyafana ngokugcwele, kodwa kuphumelela kuphela kuze kube ethile overcurrent.
3. Lesikhashana. Lapho amadivayisi axhunyiwe ku uchungechunge izici ezifanayo zamanje setha ezahlukene ukubambezeleka kwesikhathi ekusebenzeni izithelo zawo kancane kancane kusukela ingxenye nge ukungasebenzi kuze umthombo wamandla. Isikhathi ukubandlulula imishini ezosetshenziswa ngenhloso hedging nomunye ngejubane ukuvala shaqa. Ngokwesibonelo: owokuqala kwabangela ngemva 0.1 imizuzwana, kwesibili - 0.5 imizuzwana, eyesithathu - 1 isekhondi.
4. Yamanje. Selectivity isikhathi esifanayo wukuphela esiphezulu cutoff zamanje. Amadivayisi akhethiwe bebheke ukunciphisa setpoint emthonjeni amandla izinto umthwalo (isib 25 A kuya input bese okwengeziwe ukuze kundawo 16 A no 10 A - ukuze izibani).
5. Isikhathi-zamanje. Imishini kuhlinzekelwe yokusabela kuya wamanje, kanye - isikhathi. Imishini zihlukaniswe amaqembu A, B, C, D. Bahlela isikhathi selectivity awenzanga iphutha (short circuit) kunzima ngoba izici amadivayisi esikhulu komunye nomunye. Umkhawulo umphumela zokuzivikela kufinyelelwa eqenjini A, okuyinto okungcono esetshenziselwa kagesi. Okuvame kakhulu uhlobo idivayisi C, kodwa ngokungacabangi noma kuphi futhi akutuswa ukuba zisetshenziswe. Iqembu D lisetshenzisiwe drive izinhlelo nge inrush imisinga ezinkulu.
6. Zone. Ukusebenza amandla supply qapha wokulinganisa iyunithi. Lapho kombundu setpoint (predetermined embundwini value), idatha idluliselwa ku isikhungo control, okuyinto ekhethelwe ukuvala shaqa ngokuzenzekelayo. Indlela obusetshenziswa embonini ngoba nzima, ibizile futhi zidinga ahlukene segezi. Kube esetshenziswa ukukhishwa electronic: uma iphutha itholwa umshini esezansi kutshela enhla umuntu eqala ukubala isikhathi sokuphumula yisilinganiso esingu-50 ms. Uma elise ngezansi inkinobho phakathi nalesi sikhathi kungaphumeleli, vula ukuthi, esemgwaqweni ngenhla iketanga.
7. Amandla. Machines abe ngesivinini, lapho wamanje isekhethi akanayo isikhathi ukufinyelela esiphezulu.

Amafomu ukucwaswa

Ukuvikelwa selectivity uhlukaniswe ngokuphelele noma isihlobo, okuya ngokuthi yikuphi amasayithi zikhutshaziwe. Ukuze Icala lokuqala inhlamvu enokwethenjelwa kakhulu fuses esigabeni ezilimele kwe-circuit. Esikhathini imishini yesibili unqamukile engaphezulu, uma wokuvikelwa ungakhishwa wasebenza ngezansi ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene.

ithebula selectivity

Ukuvikelwa okukhethwayo usebenza ngokuyinhloko lapho kokweqa okuzisholo wesifunda full mina _n, t. E. Ngezinye accelerations ongaphakeme. Lapho esifushane izifunda ukufeza kuyinkimbinkimbi zayo okuningi nangokwengeziwe. Kuze kube yimanje, abakhiqizi ukuthengisa imikhiqizo amatafula selectivity, ngawo ungakha izinyanda ne ezithothene zikhethe. Lapha ungakhetha iqembu amadivayisi umakhi eyodwa kuphela. selectivity kwetafula abekwe ngezansi, ungathola kuzo futhi kumawebhusayithi izinkampani.

Ukuze ukuhlole selectivity phakathi enhla apharathasi esezansi kuyinto empambana ilandelana ikholomu, lapho "t" - a selectivity inani, futhi nenombolo - esinqunyiwe (uma iphutha lwamanje ngaphansi kwenani elicacisiwe etafuleni).

imishini Kubalwa selectivity

amadivaysi Avikelayo ngokuyinhloko asetshenziswa e ukushintsha ezivamile, i-selectivity zazo kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa by Ukukhetha lesifanele kanye nezilungiselelo. Isenzo sabo abakhethayo sokuvikelwa efakwe eduze amandla supply bunikezwa isimo elandelayo.

• Mina _s.o.posled ≥ K _nd ∙ mina _k.pred. kuphi:
  - mina _s.o.posled - lamanje lapho Ukuvikelwa icushiwe;
  - mina _k.pred. - Ukuvikelwa isekhethi ekupheleni kwebanga, etholakala ekhelini elithi lide ibanga kusuka umthombo wamandla;
  - K _nd - nokwethenjelwa Coefficient okuyinto incike nemingcele chitha.

Kuyini selectivity ngesikhathi ukulawulwa imishini, ubonakala kusukela maqondana ngezansi.

• t ≥ t _{s.o.posled k.pred.} + Δt, lapho:
  - t t _{s.o.posled k.pred.} - isikhathi ngezikhathi lapho kushiya imishini asikiwe, ngokulandelana, eduze futhi kude umthombo wamandla;
  - Δt - isikhathi esiteji selectivity, ikhathalogu akukhetheki.

Ukumelwa sokuqhafaza selectivity

Ukuze okuthembekile Ukuvikelwa overcurrent wiring badinga selectivity ikhadi. Limelela izici isikhathi samanje amadivayisi wesifunda efakwe serially e neketanga. Lesilinganiso sikhonjiswe ekhethiwe ukuze ngamaphuzu umngcele ukuba ingabonakala izakhiwo zokuzivikela amadivaysi. Ngo practice, selectivity amaphrojekthi ikhadi advantageously ayisetshenziswa, okuyinto kusimo enkulu futhi kuholela ugesi wawuphela abasebenzisi.

isilinganiso Okuzisholo kufanele okungenani 2.5 I-selectivity. Kodwa ngisho babe ukusebenza endaweni evamile, noma encane. ngesikhathi isilinganiso 3.2 kuphela siyenzeka, ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo yabo. Kodwa kulokhu omunye amahlelo ukwazi ulele futhi udinga ukufaka emva wiring ngokuzenzekelayo emikhulu cross-section.

Ezimweni eziningi, le selectivity isivikelo ayidingekile. Kuyinto kudingekile kuphela lapho kungaba kube nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Uma amanani kubalwa etholakala amahlelo ulele Automata ekufakweni setha wesifunda amadlambi noma umthwalo wokushintsha.

Ungafaka futhi imishini ekhethekile zikhethe.

Okukhethwayo S750DR othomathikhi

ABB iveza imikhiqizo S750DR uphawu, lapho selectivity ka ukushintsha bunikezwa zamanje ezingezelelweko akususiwe emva main usuke contact ngesikhathi short circuit.

Lapho kususwa ukuxhumana site eziphuthumayo esezansi abakhethayo contact bimetallic owadalwa isikhathi ukubambezeleka impendulo. Kanjalo eziyisisekelo inkinobho contact ngokukhetha emuva endaweni yayo entwasahlobo senzo. Uma phezu-lamanje iyachubeka ngokusebenzisa ms 20-200 inqanyuliwe Ukuvikelwa ezishisayo ezifundeni eziyinhloko futhi eyengeziwe. Ngakho abakhethayo bimetallic strip amabhlogo disengaging indlela futhi entwasahlobo ngeke bakwazi ukuvala emuva contact main.

Linganisa umshini zamanje inikezwa yi ngokukhetha Resistor 0.5 ohms ukumelana kanye arcing esikhulu ngaphakathi kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita.

isiphetho

Uyini selectivity, kulula ukuqonda lapho sicabangela izifunda kagesi nge uchungechunge uxhumano imishini. Ziyakwazi kulula ukuqhubeka, ukunikeza ezithothene abakhethayo ku sindisa. Ubunzima zenzeka lapho ezinkulu imisinga isekhethi. Ngenxa yale njongo izindlela eziningana, kanye imishini ekhethekile ABB, ukudala ukubambezeleka esikhathini kusebenze.