Kuyini izitsha zobumba? Semikarakorsk zobumba

Omunye izinhlobo Folk yezandla ukudala zobumba. Iqiniso lokuthi Ceramic ezinjalo, lapho zilwane ihlukaniswe, ngenxa yemikhiqizo yakhe, ukufunda lesi sihloko.

Uhlolojikelele

Kuyini izitsha zobumba? Lokhu zobumba, zinyanga nqubo yokushisa. Gone izinkulungwane zeminyaka ngaphambi kokuba abantu bakwazi ukwakha ke incazelo emfushane. Man balithanda womshini imikhiqizo ubumba, kwathi esamile indlela yabo ayimizulane zokuphila futhi waqala ukuphila ukuphila ixazululwe. Development of yezandla nomthelela okunamathiselwe endaweni unomphela lokuhlala. amakhono abo abantu basukile Isizukulwane esidala kwencane.

Kungenzeka ukuthi into Ceramic esokuqala wadala umuntu. Kuyini izitsha zobumba? abantu sidilizwa akazange ayamukele imibono yakhe. Ngo okuthiwa umqondo imikhiqizo yayo ngobumba oluhlanganiswe lime, asebenza ngebhethri noma feldspar. Master konke lokhu kusetshenzwe ku mass ukungaguquguquki, umkhiqizo ezakhiwe ngesandla, futhi kamuva isondo a yombumbi, wasishisa.

Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi izitsha zobumba?

Ehunyushiwe ezivela olimini lesiGreki "ubumba". Kuyini izitsha zobumba? Eqinisweni-ke inhlanganisela ngezinto zemvelo ezifana ubumba, isihlabathi, zircon nabanye. Craft ukwenziwa imikhiqizo Ceramic ngesimo umuntu ajwayelekile kithi ngahileleka kusukela wafunda ikhono ukuncibilika izinhlayiya organic ngamazinga ashisa kakhulu - kuze kube degrees 2,500.

izinga ubumba Ceramic uthola ngomlilo. Imikhiqizo ukwenziwa asebenzisa udaka mncane ezimhlophe abizwa ngokuthi zobumba. ngobumba olumhlophe kuhambisana asebenza ngebhethri isihlabathi - ke faience. Imikhiqizo ezenziwe obomvu ubumba - zobumba kanye izitsha zobumba.

izinto ezenziwe ngobumba

art Ceramic kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo iyona yezandla. Imikhiqizo ehlotshiswe wokuphila kwabantu, baye kuyingxenye ebalulekile ekuphileni kwakhe. Ngisho ke izinto Ceramic ziyehluka okuncike senqubo yokukhiqiza, izinto zokusetshenziswa, a izinjongo enamathela kwengoma. Benkathi Ephakathi zobumba senziwa imbali amabhodwe, izimbiza ubisi kvass, nezitsha ezahlukene, emathileyi kanye nezinye izinto eziningi ezazisetshenziswa ngayo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.

ubumba Yemvelo izakhiwo (ductility futhi ithoni impahla) lihambisana ezihlukahlukene anemibala glaze lula yokukhiqiza lezi yobuciko. nangenkathi ezahlukene Ushiye izici alandisa ngalezi zindaba. Okwamanje, izinto ezenziwe ngobumba emhlabeni isibe wehlukile futhi iphile. Bayalithakasela Isasasa Esinalo ubuciko bokubeka ugciniwe.

Namuhla, izinto ezenziwe ngobumba iye kabanzi emaqaqasini isikhala yangaphakathi kanye olungaphambili lwesonto sangaphandle izakhiwo. Kusukela makakutholele grilles zokuhlobisa futhi izindonga, fireplaces, zokuhlobisa panel, isitsha sezimbali, izinti, izitsha, izitsha. Izwe bandile zobumba amaphethini ekhethekile, izihloko ngokokuhlobisa. Ukubumba iyona zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• Ubumba - kusuka izindlela Italian "umhlaba wabhaka". I impahla eluhlaza womshini ubumba ezinemibala isakhiwo ukungena nakwamanye amazwe. Imikhiqizo kungukuthi ngezinkomishi ezinamekwe ngomthofu. Isetshenziselwa yasendlini, izidingo ukwakhiwa nangezinjongo kwezobuciko. Ubumba esetshenziselwa ukwenza izinto, izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu tile, tile, udonga tile, okwamanje eyenziwe "Ceramics Jade" - umkhiqizi Russia anothile.

• Ukubumba zobumba - imikhiqizo kudingeka okwengeziwe kusetshenzwe. Ngaphambi kokudubula bushelelezi phansi izindonga zawo (loschat) hhayi kudlulele ngalé kwawo uketshezi. Lokhu kwenziwa nje bucwebezele livela. Umkhiqizo ke ibekwe kuhhavini kudambe nekubeka intuthu isikhathi eside. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi "moraine" ezaziwayo. Asebekhulile kuhhavini umkhiqizo ithathwa kanye emanzini ufulawa. Lokhu "park" noma "obvarka". Kwamanzi ihlanganiswa ne mshini amahle amanzi. Ukubumba zobumba esetshenziselwa ukwenza ukusetshenziswa yasendlini.
• Majolica - umkhiqizo owenziwe zobumba ubumba enamathela ngemibala glazurevym. Le nqubo ibizwa esetshenziswa akhiqize panel zokuhlobisa, ama-tile, architraves, izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu izitsha kanye neminye imikhiqizo.
• Zobumba - kuyizimpawu umbala omhlophe, ukungafihli izinto nokuphatha odongeni mncane. It has ikhono hhayi avuze. Kuye imithelela okushisa aphakeme zobumba uthambile futhi liqinile. Eyokuqala isetshenziswa ukwenziwa imihlobiso, kanti eyesibili - for izitsha.

• Sobumba - efana zobumba, kodwa akunjalo mhlophe futhi esobala. Crock mkhulu isakhiwo ukungena nakwamanye amazwe, kancane, eliqinile, ukudlulisa umswakama. Kusukela ke kwenziwa izitsha, izindlu zangasese, nokucwila, amathayili zokuhlobisa. "Jade-Ceramics" - ibhizinisi, okuyinto umholi kukhiqizwe yokugcina emakethe Russian. izinga lomkhiqizo kuqinisekiswa zobuchwepheshe izinqubo okwenziwa ku imishini yesimanje Italian neSpanishi.

Semikarakorsk zobumba

Okunjalo isihloko ethola behlonipha umuzi Rostov esifundeni. Emakhulwini amabili eminyaka edlule kwakukhona potteries abaningi Semikarakorah. Kodwa yoma kwekhulu elidlule kwakunebandla elilodwa nje kuphela, lapho workshop elalisanda kwakhiwa futhi namuhla ukukhiqiza zobumba esiyingqayizivele. Master ngesikhathi esifushane eyakhe nesitayela sabo kwezobuciko, yokukhiqiza ubuchwepheshe kanye anhlobonhlobo imikhiqizo. Semikarakorsk imidwebo libhekene izigcawu ubunjalo ezicacile, ezimibalabala ngokuvumelana emibalabala ibonisa ukuthi isimo sengqondo abalobi futhi unike isimo zemikhosi.

Izici Semikarakorsk zobumba

On isitayela bokubeka Ochwepheshe umkhiqizo wasebenza baxgeki. Imihlobiso baye basungula abaculi abaziwayo wezwe lakithi. Scenes efana Gzhel ngesineke: ezihlukahlukene amaphethini ezimibalabala kuboniswe njengembali yezimila usayizi esikhulu. Semikarakorsk zobumba - liphinde flora asemaqeleni nezilwane ezihlukahlukene Don ngaphansi kwesimo ezimhlophe zobumba, namathafa ocacile enkulu nokuningi. Kuze kube manje, umsebenzi uqedwe kumiswa ehlukile isitayela izinkomba Semikarakorsk imidwebo amasu.

Isici ehlukile ukusetshenziswa umsebenzi wezandla enqubeni imikhiqizo imidwebo amafomu yasekuqaleni. Master - abadali wangempela okuzakhela futhi izinkondlo ukukhethwa lokubhalela. Ingxenye esemqoka lo msebenzi Ceramic kukhiqizwe nezobumba, lapho lo mdwebo ngegolide leaf isetshenziswa. It isetshenziswa umkhiqizo ngaphansi ungqimba nopende ocwebezelayo. Ethandwa kakhulu izibalo abesifazane Cossack egqoke izinto zokubhukuda bendabuko, kanye nezinye izinto eziyisikhumbuzo: izimoto, ushukela-izindlu ne zamabhodlela, amabhodwe, nezinye amathempeli.

Amagama imikhiqizo Ceramic

Zikhona okunhlobonhlobo. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Wall panel - ngosizo lwabo Igumbi abavamile iba esiyingqayizivele, kukhona ukuzinza kanye nokuhlonipha abanikazi endlini noma ehhovisi. Wall panel kukhona samuntu wonke fantasies: izindaba fabulous futhi zomlando, abantu Motifs, imidwebo abstract.
• Faka - umdwebo eyenziwe Ceramic of usayizi encane. Zokubhala amathekisthi abo wizadi isebenzisa imidwebo noma impumuzo.
• I zobumba ngobuningi - izitsha (isitsha sezimbali, amabhodwe, njll). I fashion kwalolu hlobo zobumba awasoze.
• Izimbiza izitshalo - izitshalo ezihlobisile kwanoma iyiphi ekhaya kuzokhulisa izikhathi eziningi, uma umthamo ukuba eyenziwe izitsha zobumba.

Ukusetshenziswa tableware Ceramic

Kuyini izitsha zobumba? Ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu babengazi leli gama. Ngemva kwalokho-ke bambiza zobumba, okuyinto egcina izandla efudumele okuyinhloko. Ukubumba benawo ayelapha, futhi konke sibonga zemvelo Clays izinga nekhono layo ukuncela amandla elanga.

Sekuyisikhathi eside endaweni ukugcina imikhiqizo abantu wakhetha izimbiza ngobumba, kokuba ikhono lokulawula izinga lokushisa ngokwemvelo. ubisi esiqandisini e nojeke akuyona isikhathi eside ukufudumeza kanye amanzi ashisayo - cool. Uma ulungisa ukudla ebhodweni, kuyoba ezithambile kanye namanzi.

Isicelo kwezinye izindawo

Indaba isetshenziselwa ukuvikela izikhali, izindiza kanye nezinye izimoto zempi. Ukusetshenziswa kabanzi ingilazi futhi izitsha zobumba atholakala umkhakha zezindiza.

It is lisetshenziswe imithi lokungenela kuhlinzwa ngoba amathambo wokufakelwa e amathambo kanye nezinye izindawo. Tile ezifuywayo "Jade-Ceramics" esetshenziswa Abaklami ekuklanyweni Interiors kanye exteriors zezakhiwo.