Kuyini isondo ukuphotha: amafomu, imiyalelo kanye impendulo. isondo Ngokhuni ukuphotha nge wheel: incazelo, izincazelo kanye nokubuyekezwa

Uma ngaphandle isondo ukuphotha ke kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba sicabange iyiphi indlu noma intombazane, intombazane kanye nowesifazane. Namuhla intsha ingase alazi nokuthi yini isondo ukuphotha nhlobo. Mayelana wayebukeka kanjani nokuthi wasebenza - ngisho kuwufanele ukubuza. Kodwa uma ucabangela indawo ezimpilweni zabantu wathatha kule divayisi ngaphambi, asikwazi bayakhohlwa uma into kuyadingeka, insimbi.

Kuyini isondo ukuphotha?

Yegama sento kulula ukuqonda ukuthi isondo enjalo ukuphotha - yidivayisi ngoba ukuphotha. Ukubukeka ibamba insimbi njalo siguqula - uma ngaphambilini kwaba nje ezimbili perpendicular ebhodini, kodwa namuhla it is a indlela eyinkimbinkimbi ukhiqiza ntambo of ukushuba nekhwalithi obuhlukahlukene. Ngaphezu imisebenzi yayo eqondile, isondo ukuphotha wayeyilungu amabika ahlukahlukene kanye netinkholelo, akekho, ngisho ocebile, indlu ayikwazanga wacabanga ngaphandle kule divayisi.

amasondo Spinning endulo

Kakade ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu base bazi ukuthi isondo enjalo ukuphotha. Lokhu kufakazelwa yetinsita owawuthi amapaki ongalinikeza, noma zingase zephule intambo yokuphila. Futhi benza lo ngentambo okukuwo, leli sondo ukuphotha. Spinning ayebhekwa ongumvikeli Athena.

ibamba insimbi Slavic

ERussia, isondo ubudala ukuphotha esetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Sebenza kwaba luyingxenye zesifazane, umuntu lowo wavuleka kuphela akhiqiza i-instrument zomsebenzi uqobo. Nge ukuphela kokubuthwa kwesivuno futhi kuya wesipina yokuHlawula bachitha izinsuku zabo futhi ngokuvamile nobusuku kulo mshini. Kuyamangalisa ukuthi isondo ojikeleza komunye nomunye kwakungafanele efanayo. Kunalokho, isakhiwo esisodwa waba munye, kodwa ngamunye ibamba insimbi lihlotshiswe wayehlukile.

Yiqiniso, ekuqaleni kusetshenziswa isondo ukuphotha kuphela ngokhuni - ekukhiqizeni yayo kwaba ngokuhamba Maple, basswood, e-aspen kanye birch. Imihlobiso ahlukile - ikakhulukazi woodcarving.

amasondo Spinning esikweni

isondo Old ukuphotha zazibaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni kwezinceku okhokho bethu, ngoba babengesibo kumane kuyindlela ukwenza izingubo nezindlela zokuthola imali, kodwa nawo afeza indima ebalulekile esikweni.

isondo ayo ukuphotha kwaba njalo intombazane. Wazamukela wakhe lapho ngizalwa futhi washintsha kuphela eshade. Futhi ukusika umzanyana usana wayelamukela ibamba insimbi, noma uthi lokuphotha. Ngesikhathi sokubhapathizwa we ummeli wesifazane intombazane badabula kule divayisi. Ngisho elele intombazane nge wheel ukuphotha - ke yafakwa indlwana for umntwana.

Empeleni kwalo, kwaba ithuluzi zomsebenzi ayikwazi inikezwe muntu, ngisho ukusetshenziswa okwesikhashana: ngokuvumelana izinkolelo, kulesi simo, ngokuqinisekile kwadingeka kubangele umlilo noma kubulawe bonke izinyosi. Ezindaweni esenyakatho yezwe kukholakala ukuthi uma insizwa wabhala igama lakhe intombazane ibamba insimbi, umsebenzi wayo - ukumshada. Emshadweni Kunoma yikuphi, umkhwenyana senziwa ibamba insimbi. Izandla zakhe kwadingeka benze lokhu umfana isipho, zokuhlobisa it njengoba engcono ngangokunokwenzeka.

Winter kwaba ngokuphelele azinikele ukuphotha, ngaphandle sikaKhisimusi. I last ngosuku obekusetshenzwa ngalo ngenxa spinners babe ekupheleni Carnival. Ngalolusuku kwanqunywa ukuba ukukhwela ezinzulwini sentaba. Kukholakala ubude nelineni ngonyaka ozayo kuzoncika kude kangakanani umgibeli ushiye. Uma ezinye skiers kwadingeka imprudence awe isondo ukuphotha, ngembangela yokufa kwakhe namanje kulindeleke ngaphambi kwesizini entsha ukuphotha. Ngesikhathi sikaKhisimusi kanye Christmas zonke amathuluzi Isipina yokucasha e attics kanye zokugqoka ukuvimbela umhlangano wabo imimoya abangase ngamathe ambozwe amathuluzi.

ESerbia, sathathwa ngosuku olwandulela uKhisimusi, lapho sivakashele izakhiwo izilwane, spin khona ngoboya bemvu obumnyama kancane ezinkomeni wasala jazi. ESlavonia izakhamizi wayekholelwa ukuthi isivakashi okokuqala ukuba kancane ukuze spin lowo nyaka yayikhiqiza ngoba Ifilakisi ukuthi izinkukhu asekhona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, owesifazane osemusha oshadile kosuku lokuqala isimo esisha kwakumelwe angahlangani baphotha emshinini omusha, ngoba kwakucatshangwa ukuthi uthembisa ukuphila ophumelelako.

Abantu bazo zonke izizinda, lapho kwaziwa ukuthi isondo ukuphotha, kwakukhona ezihlukahlukene, ngokuvamile esiyingqayizivele, amasiko nezinkolelo ezihlobene nale nto. Kodwa bonke abantu baphila ngokwalokho aba- into eyodwa: isondo ukuphotha - hhayi nje indlela imali, kodwa futhi umnakekeli indlovukazi yakhe. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Bulgaria, ngisho uya emkhakheni womama bathatha leli thuluzi. avame baphotha ngisho endleleni, uma round Kwakugcwele kakhulu. Ukwelapha izingane ukuba ubusuku lokukhala amantombazane ngaphansi indlwana kufihlwe isondo ukuphotha. Insomnia basindisa ke - neohodimo ukuthi unamathele nge donsa isondo ukuphotha nge Matica, ethi amazwi ekhethekile. Ngisho izinkukhu kusukela anama ukulondolozwa ibamba insimbi - kwadingeka ukuba ukuphosele ngehhoko inkukhu.

izinhlobo amasondo ukuphotha

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngalunye kwakuhlukile, ke izinhlobo amasondo ukuphotha bekungenjalo kakhulu. Ngowokuqala ngqa yisandla evamile, uvele eRoma yasendulo. Ngemva lalibukeka isheshe ukuphotha-wheel. Ngenxa engayiyeki ithuba lokuba ngezandla zombili, ke kwaba ifakwe treadle. Ngakho kwaba khona isondo unyawo ukuphotha. Nokho, ngemva kweminyaka eminingi kwabhalwa, ukuthuthukiswa isayensi kanye nomhlaba obhekwe ugesi, idaliwe elektropryalka. Nokho, kungcono kakhulu ukunquma ukuthi cabangela uhlobo ngalunye ngokuhlukile.

Manual

Ngakho, le wheel ukuphotha uvele eRoma lasendulo, esikhundleni uthi lokuphotha ezivamile kanye nedlanzana ntambo emathangeni akhe. Khona-ke kwaba intuthuko, lula nzima futhi kungaba okulimazayo-labour zesifazane.

Lalinama cishe Amapulangwe amabili inamathelisiwe at engele unelungelo nomunye. Ngesinye ingxenye wesipina babeyohlala ezihlalweni phezulu ntambo yesibili abethela. Ingxenye eyenzelwe bawente, wabizwa eDonets. Kuqondile njengengxenye kwakuba entanyeni lokwela. Ehlotshiswe ngemihlobiso emihle ebaziwe, esikhathini esiningi, it is wavele (njengoba ingxenye enkulu kakhulu ithuluzi).

ukuphotha-wheel

Isipina - isondo ukuphotha isondo ngokhuni - uvele India. Kancane kancane, leli lizwe sithengiswa emhlabeni wonke, kube lula ukuphila spinners.

Umklamo elula kodwa elihlakaniphile yayo: isilinda, lapho uthi lokuphotha is nendawo efakiwe, efakwe kwi ebhodini. isondo ukuphotha Hand, sibonga ibhande, iyakunqanda uthi lokuphotha. Kwesokunxele ingalo wesipina eletha fibre kuze kube sekupheleni abukhali uthi lokuphotha, kuyilapho ilungelo iphendula isondo. Lutho neze uhala "ikhula" ukuze ubude bengalo, it is nilimaza phezu othini lokuphotha kanye inqubo eqhubeka. Ijubane ukuphotha nge obhekwe zinsizakuphila liye landa kakhulu. ERussia, le mishini zihlukaniswe Russian (nge amasondo ahlelwe perpendicular phansi) futhi Chukhonka lapho isondo kuyinto engela.

Lapho ngekhulu le-15 ifakwe emaflaya isondo ukuphotha, asikho isidingo ukuthatha amakhefu umoya ntambo ku uthi lokuphotha - ke nje kwenzeka.

ngezinyawo

Ekhulwini le-19 anda kakhulu isidingo le ntambo. Inani elikhulu kunawo kungenzeka ntambo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, isondo ukuphotha isondo sokhuni, okuyilona elidingekayo ukuze uphendukisa uhlangothi, uma ehluleka ukwanelisa umthengi. Ngenhlanhla, kwakukhona izingcweti owayenganikela priladit lo mklamo isinyathelo elikuvumela ukujikisa imilenze isondo. Bobabili izandla liyakwazi le ntambo, okuyinto igijimisa kakhulu umsebenzi. Ezinye izindaba zika-isimiso yokusebenza akukatjhuguluki: i-hola namanje walibheca rừng phezulu neziqu, uthi lokuphotha ijikeleziswa ngu ezimazombe isondo, eseqedile ntambo is nilimaza ku iflaya eziboshelwe ngasekugcineni khulula uthi lokuphotha - kwaba wokugcina isondo mechanical ukuphotha.

kagesi

Okuxakayo ukuthi leholele ugesi design isimiso ayikashintshi. Yebo, kagesi isondo ukuphotha ngokusobala akusho ukukhumbuza noma yisiphi ngaphambili yabo. Nokho, kungcono ithuluzi efanayo, ne izakhi ezifanayo eziyinhloko. Vele namuhla, engu-Minimalism, babheka kancane ezahlukene.

Iyunithi eyinhloko isondo entsha ukuphotha waba njengesixhumo sezindluzele. Siqukethe i-eksisi owathatha lokuphotha, iflaya, izipilingi lekhoyili. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi uyoke usebenze, kulula. isondo lokugijimisa indiphi elenzelwe into esindayo Electric ushayela lokuphotha-axis, ekugcineni okuyizinto hook iflaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhoyili zifakwa kwi oluvala amasondo. Iphinde uzungeza lo isondo lokugijimisa indiphi elenzelwe into esindayo, kodwa kusuka kwenye. Konke lokhu ukwakhiwa is eliqhutshwa i motor ngogesi. lapha kuphela ikhoyili ubukhulu isondo lokugijimisa indiphi elenzelwe into esindayo drive kancane, izingxenye efanayo ukuhambisa uthi lokuphotha. Lokhu kuvumela uhlelo esondweni ngesivinini kuka iflaya bese uthi lokuphotha.

Kwenzekani intambo ukuthi is Kulayishwa isondo ukuphotha? Cabanga ukuthi fibre isixha uvolo kakade zidabukile. Manje ukweqa lesi ngentambo ngokusebenzisa hook, bese kudingeka ukuba baphonse izingwegwe iflaya bese tie lekhoyili. Ukuqala umsebenzi uyaqhubeka ukuphotha isondo ukusonta lenqwaba fibre e intambo. Njengoba ikhoyili iphendula ngokushesha, ke ukudansela isiginci sakhe bese idonsa intambo. Isisebenzi ukudansela isiginci sakhe umucu iyunifomu.

Ukukhetha

Thenga isondo ukuphotha namuhla ilula. Kodwa abaningi bafuna, njengasekuqaleni, zenzele wena. Kungenzeka, ngoba design isondo ukuphotha silula. Kukhona ngisho kudingekile ukwenza umsebenzi lathe. Kungenzeka ukuba ikhiphe ukujiya ezahlukene plywood noma textolite. Ngu lokhu kuzodinga ipayipi lensimbi, Amabha amabili eyenziwe beech noma birch, izinzipho nezikulufi kanye epoxy ingcina. Kodwa kusadingeka iphepha obukhulu. Futhi, kudingeka uthole kusukela motor kagesi umshini wokuthunga, noma into efana nalokho. Ithanda, injini iye lokuqoqa. Kuyadingeka ukuba ulungiselele ukushintsha yokuguquguqula emibili rheostat, elawula kwegazi. Yiqiniso, ungenza ngaphandle yokugcina, kodwa kuzonciphisa induduzo umshini.

wenza kanjani isondo ukuphotha (imiyalelo inhlangano nezincomo izingxenye ngabanye), namuhla kulula ukufunda. Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukwakhiwa, kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela lezi ziqondiso efanayo, hlola amandla akho futhi uxazulule, kubalulekile ukwenza noma nje kulula ukuthenga isondo ngomumo eyenziwe ukuphotha. Lapho uthenga, ungakhetha futhi ukubukeka, futhi Ukucaciswa lobuchwepheshe ukuthi ziyadingeka ezizowusebenzisela yakho. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona ukungabi nethemba isifiso ukuqoqa ithuluzi ngokwayo, kungcono ukuthi ngeke esachitha sikhathi.

Nokho, uma unesifiso namandla, kubalulekile ukukwenza ngokwakho, ngoba, ngisho njengoba kagesi, isondo ukuphotha akuyona ngempela elahlekile lezo zakhiwo okungavamile, okuyinto ukhishwa ke eminyakeni eminingi edlule. Futhi ngisho noma manje ezimbalwa kakhulu abantu abahamba nayo ukuze umsebenzi lo mshini, akekho walibeka embhedeni ukukhala kwengane, kodwa izinto ezihlobene we ambalwa ungumnikazi kufakwe intambo, ngokunjalo futhi umshini ezenziwe ngesandla, ukuletha umnikazi walo akulula imfudumalo injabulo, kodwa futhi kancane umlingo.