Kuyini inethiwekhi yekhompyutha

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kule minyaka yamuva, amanethiwekhi computer ezisetshenziswa embulungeni yonke, ngezinye izikhathi abantu unenkinga nokuqonda injongo, imile leli gama. Isimo kuvamile impela, hhayi nje kuphela ubuchwepheshe bama-computer. Kulokhu, igama elikhulu kufihla ezivamile bonke inethiwekhi computer ezaziwa.

amanethiwekhi Ikhompyutha zivame kudidaniswe izinhlelo Computing basakaza. Okwakushiwo umsebenzi wabo itholakala lokuthi ukuthi umnikazi we-computer nokufakwa ugijima isimiso esikhethekile iklayenti. Ngokuhambisana esifakiwe (ukumodeliswa ukusabela zenuzi, ukucwaninga kwezokwelapha) kokungenzi lutho Computing umsebenzi amandla ukulayisha, umphumela lapho ithunyelwa server akude. Kubalulekile ukuthi ikhompyutha yakho ngeke ulindele ngokugcwele yonke inkinga, futhi ezinye ingxenye yayo. Izibalo asele zihlukaniswe phakathi umqalisi esemqoka kanye namanye amalungu inqubo Computing. Isibonelo esidumile - Ifolda & Ikhaya. Igama elithi "inethiwekhi ikhompyutha" nabanye ukubhuka ingasetshenziswa imisebenzi enjalo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, igama elithi namanje elivame ukuqondwa ngayo kancane xaxa.

amanethiwekhi computer uhlelo lokuxhumana kwanoma yiphi impahla ikhompyutha. Ngakho, ama-computers amabili zixhunywe inethiwekhi, asikho isidingo ukudlulisa ulwazi kunoma izisekelo Lesisemkhatsini. Ukusebenzisa modulated kagesi ezithwalwa wire; ukukhanya in the ye-fiber-optic noma kazibuthe esimweni zokuxhumana ezingenazo izintambo uhlobo, kungenzeka ukuxazulula inkinga esebenza kahle kakhulu kangakanani bi Ohlangothi ukudluliswa kwedatha.

Ukwakha inethiwekhi Ithoma ngokuhlathulula circle imisebenzi. Uma nje udinga ukuxhuma Computing kumadivayisi amaningi aphethwe yi-umsebenzisi efanayo, njengoba umthetho, kuba wesifunda elula. inethiwekhi okunjalo kwezinkolo kubizwa ngokuthi PAN (Eng. indawo yoxhumano lomuntu). Okuningi wendawo amanethiwekhi ukusabalala (LAN). Basuke izimpawu ingqalasizinda avaliwe avaliwe, esangenza ukufinyelela kuphela inani elilinganiselwe abasebenzisi. Ukufinyelela nakwamanye amanethiwekhi ngokuvamile muntu nhlobo. Isibonelo salokhu amakilabhu computer, lapho bonke imishini axhunyiwe ngokusebenzisa LAN; Amahovisi ahlukene (kuhlanganise okufana ne izakhiwo ngabanye), lapho amakhompyutha eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa esetshenziswa nokunye.

Ukudala amanethiwekhi wendawo engenziwa ngisho ngumsebenzisi nge noma benolwazi oluyisisekelo kuphela esingabonisa ngazo udumo. Yilokho kubangelwa ungqimba "Lokaloka" ezidumile ikakhulukazi ezikhathini ukufinyelela ezingafinyeleleki noma ezibizayo ku-inthanethi emhlabeni wonke. Ngakho, ngokusebenzisa pair ezisontekile noma ikhebula coaxial izisebenzi zokuzithandela wajoyina inqwaba kwamakhompyutha ngaphakathi esakhiweni ezinezitezi eziningi. inethiwekhi enjalo angase Akunwetshiwe ngu ihlangana ne izindlu LAN engumakhelwane. Zayixazulula izinkinga eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa: ukuthi abelane ngolwazi, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, ngaphandle kokushiya ekhaya, kanye bavunyelwe ukusebenzisa umhlinzeki wesevisi ye-Inthanethi, ngokuhlanganyela ukukhokha yokugibela.

Okwamanje, izindleko ukufinyelela amasevisi inethiwekhi Inthanethi global (Eng. Wide Area Network, WAN) zitholakala, ngisho umuntu abahola Ngokwesilinganiso, ngakho isidingo kulezi amanethiwekhi zendawo ekhaya ngoba abaningi esikhathini esidlule. Manje, ngaphezulu LAN ngokuyinhloko elihlangene kumadivayisi Computing ezihlukahlukene izinhlangano zamabhizinisi, lapho izixazululo ezinjalo zihamba phambili. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuxhuma ama-computers amabili ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi yendawo ungaba scanner, abanyathelisi nokunye. Lokho empeleni kusho ukonga. Nge inqwaba imishini umphumela kwezomnotho evelele kakhulu.