Kuyini eqondile ukuthi kuyini lokho?

Njengoba sazi kusukela geometry, "oqondile" kusho into ongenawo esonta kanye ematfuba. I isiqondiso esiqondile, onguthelawayeka bushelelezi, obizwa nangokuthi ingxoxo frank ngezwi elifanayo. Lo mqondo, yebo, isetshenziswa nakwezinye izici zokuphila, kuhlanganise izincwadi futhi yokukhulumisana evamile phakathi kwabantu.

Yini ubizwe ngokuqondile

Ukuze ukubhekana ne incazelo yegama elithi "oqondile", khumbula, ukuthi sisisebenzisa kanjani enkulumweni yansuku zonke. Sibe sesiya e-ngokusebenzisa into ngayinye eceleni. Ngakho, uhlu elula angabizwa ngokuthi imishwana elandelayo ngegama elithi:

• endleleni enqophileko;
• inkulumo ngqo;
• angle kwesokudla;
• okusobala;
• umugqa oqondile;
• Inani ngqo;
• inkhulumongco;
• indiza ngqo;
• isiqondiso phambili;
• nokunye.

Kuzo zonke izimo, abakuzuzile incazelo kuyoba zihluke kakhulu, yize kwasetshenziswa kuzo zonke imishwana ye esho izwi elifanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, isiqondiso phambili - kumane nje inkomba okuyinto indlela ukuhambisa. A indiza ngqo - umlayezo othi ukunyakaza kuyokwenzeka kusukela kwelinye iphuzu eya kwelinye ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kanye umzila izinguquko.

Indlela ukuhlukanisa ngqo, lungisani ijika

Kuyini ngqo? Esikhathini izincwadi ka-geometry Amelelani lo mqondo. Straight okukhulunywe nje njengoba isimo Jomethri - emgceni locondzile, kungekho isiqalo nasiphelo. Iphahlwe amaphuzu amabili emgqeni ibizwa ngokuthi ingxenye. Yiziphi ngokuqondile futhi usike, siyazwisisa.

Noma yimuphi umugqa kungenziwa agobile noma mihlobiso, okungukuthi ijika. Uma njalo nje ukuxhuma eziningana ezimele, "sisalokhu" izingxenye ngaphandle kokubona one direction (bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene), sithola ijika noma umugqa eziphukile. Lapho umugqa yakhiwa lwesikhathi, Curves, futhi badedelane bushelelezi, ubizwa ngokuthi lwalugobile, mihlobiso. Uyini umugqa geometry? Uma uya kusukela reverse, okungukuthi, umugqa ngamunye engesiyo ijika inamagquma, agobile noma umugqa eziphukile.

Yikuphi ukufana phakathi nengxoxo ngqo nenkhulumongco

Ngokusho incazelo izichazamazwi ogunyaziwe, okuthiwa uQondile Xoxa ingxoxo sina, okudinga nokuvuleka futhi ukuba yiqiniso bonke abahlanganyeli kule nqubo. Akubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi inkulumo ngqo, eqinisweni ukhuluma ngalokho uyabuzwa noma enze iziphakamiso ethize. Phakathi izingxoxo ngqo ngezinye izikhathi uphenyo imininingwane ehlukahlukene imfihlo noma ezifihliwe izenzakalo. Iningi lezi zingxoxo zenzeke phakathi izihlobo, abangane noma izihlobo.

Kodwa ukuze adlulisele ngokunembile noma ukurekhoda le ngxoxo ephepheni, isivele kudingekile kokukhumbula zokuloba okungukuthi inkhulumongco, amazwi umbhali kanye neminye imibandela etemibhalo.

Isipelingi kudinga ukuthi amazwi lesikhulumi abahlukene amazwi umbhali (umlandzi), ikholoni, bokhulunyiwe, okhefana kanye kolayini. On ukwabiwa inkulumo kuthinta indawo igama elithi "iqhawe" embhalweni esigabeni, umugqa, nokunye. Lokho kubizwa ngokuthi inkhulumongco yakhiqizwa amazwi izwi nezwi womuntu kufakwe ngesakhiwo lobalulekile wendzaba.

inyoni enamaphiko futhi amazwi ezinamaphiko

Sithole ukuthi umugqa oqondile geometry futhi izincwadi, kusho ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuba siqhubekele phambili. By the way, emshweni esandulele, izwi elilodwa lalisetshenziswa ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso (ukuthutha). Okungukuthi, lenzeka yesibili, akulona inani ngqo elihlobene ne isihloko esikhulu kuphela. Ukukhonjwa imiphumela sife. Kuvela, amanye amagama ukuthi sisebenzisa, anezincazelo ezihlukile:

• ngqo, noma eziyisisekelo;
• ephathekayo noma lesibili.

Lisho ukuthini igama elithi oqondile wale nkulumo? Impendulo itholakala umbuzo uqobo. Leli gama sibaluli, isenzo, into noma mkhuba, okuyinto ngokushesha kubangela umfanekiso kubo, kungakhathaliseki umongo. Ubumbaxambili nomqondo obumba ukudluliselwa isihloko okunye, nangayiphi indlela exhunywe kwi-main, a kwencazelo eqondile yaleli zwi. Ngokwesibonelo:

• ukuhambisa inqola - ukuhambisa embhalweni;
• igolide - izandla igolide;
• candy - chocolate isikhumba.

Kuthiwa yini le engela ngqo

Okokuqala, iyiphi engela - i sibalo ezimele weJiyomethri. Uma oluchazayo amaphuzu amathathu elele umugqa owodwa, bese onqenqemeni (noma vertex) futhi lokhu ukwakhiwa kuyoba engela. Uma phakathi embuthanweni ubambe imigqa eziningana intersecting, iphoyinti kwabo empambana ezakhiwe engeli eziningana amanani kanambambili. Isibalo sabo ngeke silingane nesibalo imigqa kwenziwe, iphindwe ezimbili.

Zonke engeli kulinganiswa ngokwamazinga, kanti inani isamba sazo zonke engele kumbuthano kuyinto 360. I-engeli ibukhali futhi esingagwegwesi, eqondile enemininingwane, eduze, mpo nokuningi.

Uyini engela kwesokudla? Indlela uthole ke, lapho ukuthola? Ngaphakathi embuthanweni, nanulsu ungenisa ngokusebenzisa isikhungo salo phakathi kwemigqa emibili perpendicular akhiwa engela ezine ezifanayo. Zibizwa ngokuthi ngqo futhi ukubaluleka ngamunye kubo - 90 degrees.

Kanjani ukwakha engela oyifunayo ngaphandle protractor

Ngezinye izikhathi empilweni yangempela noma ufuna ukusebenzisa ukubala inani eliqondile ye-engeli. Kukhona ezinye izindlela ezilula ukwenza lokhu.

• Uma uthatha leaf kusuka kunoma iyiphi ikhompyutha ephathekayo noma incwadi, tonkhe kwakhona 90 degrees.
• Lapho alo ishidi ne Lihle ngokuhlanganisa izinhlangothi ezimbili eduze yakha i-engela 45 degrees.
• Uma uhlangothi tetrad noma yimuphi omunye ephepheni ukukala 10 cm, futhi ngakolunye - 17.3 cm, bese uxhuma la maphuzu nge umugqa, kungenzeka ukuthola iphethini kabani engeli ayalingana 90, 60 no-30 degrees.

Kuyini ukuhlanganisa yi okuqondile okuvela isinyathelo? ezahlukahlukene kungathinta impendulo ethile. Omunye njalo: uma wenza izinyathelo endaweni efanele, ukwenza izinyathelo okungaguquki ukusebenzisa lolu lwazi ukwenza, umphumela uba nakanjani omuhle.

On imigqa kuqondane and imihlaba kumnandi

Kuyini ngqo? Point - lokhu Umqondo oyisisekelo we-geometry, into ongenawo izingxenye. I flat, umugqa side ngaphandle nasiphetho, okuyinto inenombolo esingapheliyo amaphuzu kuyinto umugqa oqondile.

Ukuze achaze ukuthi parallel imigqa wezibalo esetshenziswa izincazelo ezahlukene kanye nekucatsanisa. Nangu omunye axioms: emgceni locondzile, okuyinto ndawo futhi ungalokothi ingahlanganiswa nolunye, zingabantu ngokulinganisa. Ungasebenzisa enye indlela ukuchaza imigqa ngokulinganisa. Uma iphuzu ngalinye emgceni locondzile up perpendicular (okusho ukuthi engeli ngakwesokudla) kumasegimenti yesibili alinganayo ke lezi imigqa ayikwazi sawela, futhi kuyoba ngokulinganisa.

Yiziphi imigqa parallel ecacile. Futhi kwenzeka ahlobene kanjani imihlaba kumnandi? Impendulo ulula, kusukela kulokhu kukhona imiqondo ukudluliswa okuxoxwe ngazo ngenhla. ngokoqobo Okungenzeka ukuthi asiphambani, futhi eseduze eyethu, esikhaleni esifanayo nesikhathi, futhi ezweni okuhambisana nawo. Kuthathwa isitatimende kweqiniso ukuthi izinqubo ezenzeka khona, azinamphumela ezweni lethu.

axioms eziningana owaziwa

Ezweni wezibalo i Axiom - ukuthi isitatimende, okuyinto akudingi ubufakazi. Ukulandela kukhona amanye ala maqiniso.

1. Noma yimuphi ezakheke ehlukahlukene Jomethri zingandiswa ukuhlangabezana ngezabelo.

2. Olayini ababili iqonde ukuthi washintsha kwelinye direction, qiniseka bukhomba kwesinye.

3. Uma imigqa emibili kukhona parallel lwesithathu, khona-ke abasekho kuqondane and nomunye.

4. Uma imigqa emibili ngqo bukhomba, ababekwenza ukuwela.

5. Uma imigqa nibuthana ndawonye, ngeke ukwazi ukuba nihlukane luhamba luye ohlangothini olulodwa ngaphandle bewela.

6. Ngokusebenzisa amaphuzu amabili, ungakwazi ukudweba indilinga noma umugqa oqondile.

7. Isamba engele ezintathu iwukuba bonke onxantathu okufanayo, futhi ilingana ezimbili kwesokudla engeli nasikhwama somphako.

8. Unxantathu - sibalo nge engele ezine kwesokudla.

Cabanga ngezwe ngaphandle geometry

Ulwazi into eqondile, usike, iphuzu engela, kudingeka singagcini nje thina abafundi nabafundi ukuze bathole amamaki aphakeme. Zisetshenziswa abakhi nabaqambi, abathungi nabakhi, abahloli kanye zokwakheka komhlaba, ababazi nabakhi automakers, kanye nezinye Ochwepheshe. Ngaphandle kokuba umuntu efuna ukuyigqoka ingubo ugly noma uhlala endlini nge lwalugobile, falling izindonga?

Uyini engela kwesokudla? Line, imigqa, izindiza, amaphuzu kanye engele - kungashiwo, isisekelo bokwakha. Isayensi wokwakha indlu ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle izibalo kanye imiqondo yejeyomethri, kanye nezincwadi ngaphandle amazwi, amachashazi, bokhefana, tibabato, nenkhulumongco.

Kuyini endleleni enqophileko? Lena indlela ehamba phambili kusuka kwelinye iphuzu eya kwelinye (noma umqondo eyodwa kuya kwenye, kusukela umuntu ongenalwazi uye ekubeni erudition, isibonelo), kanye nekhono ayeke ngesikhathi, kodwa ngaphandle ukuphambuka kusuka indlela ekhethiwe.