Kubhaklazeka Smoke: izinhlobo, imisebenzi, ukufakwa

Fire, futhi uyalilandela ukusabalala intuthu egunjini akugcini ngokuletha umuzwa ukulahlekelwa kwezimali, kodwa futhi ukuba ukufa. Iningi sicabangele ukuthi main umlilo ingozi ivela ukuchayeka okushisa aphakeme, kodwa izibalo edabukisayo ebonisa ukuthi umphumela izinto eziyingozi kanye nemikhiqizo omlilo akuyona kancane ingozi empilweni.

Umgomo we operation

yemvelo intuthu ohlelweni qeda kusekelwe isimiso emoyeni ukushisa ukugeleza. It has izindlela eziningana ukulawula izindlela: akude control intuthu kubhaklazeka usebenzisa infrared, ukulawula panel kanye nemishini ekhethekile yokuthungatha futhi inkinobho ngesandla.

Yemvelo ukupholisa uhlelo nogqozi ingasetshenziswa zonke izinhlobo ikamelo, nje kudingeka sithathe busebenze kunesidingo. SNIP (yenhlanzeko Sisungule Regulations) ichaze yonke imingcele ledzingekako umlilo ukumelana uhlobo izakhiwo ngamunye.

Kuye injongo kwamabhizinisi kanye patency yayo ungafaka inhlanganisela ezahlukene ohlelweni: amawindi ehlukile control electronic amabhizinisi nge cluster elincane labantu noma izinhlelo ezikhethekile eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuthi ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko kakhulu ukuphepha umlilo.

Design kanye ekubalweni intuthu kubhaklazeka

Design intuthu ukususwa izinhlelo wenziwa izigaba eziningana.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukutadisha yonke imibhalo lobuchwepheshe kusayithi ukufakwa.

Isiwombe sesibili kuhilela Ukuhlola ukupholisa imiphini abakhona (uma ikhona) kanye nokuhlaziywa yabo enemininingwane. Futhi kuphela emva sikwazi uqhubekele ukubala.

Ukuhlola design into - isigaba kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba nje ngemva kokuba Ungakhetha ofanele kakhulu egumbini imishini. Esikhathini engekho ku-site ukupholisa imiphini Ochwepheshe ukunquma ukuthi kukhona kungenzeka ukuxhumana olwengeziwe. Uma leli thuba elihle kangaka, ungaqala ukubala.

Imisebenzi awuthunqise kubhaklazeka

Kubhaklazeka zihloselwe zisebenzisa bakwazi ukufeza:

1. Yemvelo okukhanyisa iyunifomu. Njengoba yaziwa, ukukhanyisa phezulu kabili ohlangothini ngempumelelo. Njengoba lichanyuselwe intuthu ihlanganisa cishe zonke imitha square isikhala, ukonga ukukhanyisa izindleko ngempela eningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emini zemvelo kwandisa ukusebenza kahle futhi kuthuthukisa impilo, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu emahhovisi.
2. ukupholisa Yemvelo. I ukuzungeza njalo nomoya opholile igcina lokushisa ukhululekile egumbini, okuyinto futhi ikuvumela ukuba ugcine izindleko ukupholisa yokufakelwa.
3. Intuthu ukususwa. Ukususwa kwezimiso intuthu esimweni esiphuthumayo kwenza ekusetshenzisweni yokuphunyuka imizila abantu kanye nokusebenza ngempumelelo izinsiza zokutakula.
4. yokuncishiswa Obalulekile kwezimiso zobunjiniyela. Kubhaklazeka awuthunqise ezimweni ezithile kungaba isidingo yokufakelwa emoyeni offtakes.

Control izinhlelo awuthunqise kubhaklazeka

intuthu kubhaklazeka ziphethwe usebenzisa izinhlelo ezikhethekile ezintathu izinhlobo: uhlelo ukupholisa control, lawula ukusekela ngokulondoloza uhlelo bese intuthu qeda uhlelo okuxubile.

uhlelo naye ehlukene ngokusho uhlobo lokulawula indlela. Zingaba ka ezintathu izinhlobo: womoya, kagesi womoya kagesi.

Kubhaklazeka awuthunqise elawula uhlelo icushiwe ngokuzenzakalelayo esebenzisa nemishini ekhethekile yokuthungatha, isabela ukwanda lokushisa emoyeni noma intuthu egunjini. Nokho, ngokuvumelana uhlelo ikhasimende intuthu kungenzeka eminye ifakwe amadivaysi futhi akude isiqalo manual, futhi ugijime ngokusebenzisa uhlelo umlilo alamu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulawula kubhaklazeka nobudlova kungenziwa ifakwe izinzwa akhethekile esiteshini Meteorological. Kulokhu, e imimoya enamandla kanye kwezulu dymoudaleniya kubhaklazeka izovalwa ngokuzenzakalela.

izincomo Eziwusizo ukufakwa intuthu kubhaklazeka

Isimo main ukufakwa intuthu kubhaklazeka angabhekwa elifanele ngaphansi okuyinto - kuyilungiselelo yabo iyunifomu ophahleni lwesakhiwo. Nokho, izinto uma ikamelo elise ezahlukene amandla omlilo umfutho kuvunyelwe engalingani ukusatshalaliswa manholes.

Uma ufaka mgodi kufanele bacabangele engela ukuthambekela ophahleni: uma kuba degrees ngaphansi kuka 12, ibanga esiphezulu kusukela emaphethelweni ophahla kuya dweba 10 metres, uma ingaphezu 12 metres - ibanga luyanda kuze kube ngamamitha angu-20.

Ibanga phakathi manholes akufanele engaphansi kwengama-20 m hhayi ngaphansi kuka isamba izinhlangothi eside nesembozo ezimbili (noma diagonal).

Kusukela iphuzu eliwusizo umbono kuba esebenza kahle kakhulu kangakanani umsebenzi wabo uyoba ukuphatha inqwaba kubhaklazeka encane, kunokuba inombolo encane enkulu. ophahleni emthambekeni esingaphansi degrees 12 kusho ukufakwa esiyisibopho okungenani oyedwa dweba 200 sq. m, ezingaphezu kuka-12 degrees - sq 400. m.

Intuthu kubhaklazeka angase afakwe ku uphahla nezinhlobo ezahlukene ezinengilazi: ulwelwesi, ngokhonkolo njalo nakakhulu, njll Kuphoqelekile acabangele ukubekwa nowesifunda umthwalo ebalelwa esigabeni design ... Umphumela njalo iningi amaphutha kulesigaba - overcooling egumbini ebusika futhi okweqile kule sizini hot.

izidingo ezikhethekile

Ekunqumeni inani intuthu kubhaklazeka ezindaweni aminyene endaweni ungakwazi ukukwenza kufanele kulingane noma ezingaphezu kwezingu-3% of the indawo yesikhala phansi.

Izindlela kokubala square intuthu kubhaklazeka yaseshashalazini simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: uma endaweni esiteji phansi engaphansi kuka 150 sq. m, lichanyuselwe intuthu kumele okungenani ibe 3% walo. Uma indawo ephindwe yesehlakalo idlule 150 sq. m, umusi kubhaklazeka endaweni ibalwa ifomula: A = 0,5 √2F-100 (F - ndawo ubuso phansi esigabeni).

Ngakho, mininingwana sihloko izinhlobo intuthu kubhaklazeka nemibuzo yokumiswa yabo.