Klinker Brick ambozwe: Ubukhulu

Clinker ine omuhle kakhulu izakhiwo zokuhlobisa futhi ihlala isikhathi eside ngokuphawulekayo. Kuyini nobukhulu bayo? Kuyini ezahlukene osayizi, amafomu, imibala kanye indlela yokwenza atholakale abathengi? Lokhu kuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko.

Kuyini clinker?

Ngenxa nhlanganisela eyingqayizivele ukubukeka zikanokusho kakhulu handling izakhiwo, ngeziningi zezinto zokwakha kubhekwa elite. isicelo sayo kuzosiza ekhaya bheka aesthetically elimnandi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukunikeza ukuqina olungaphambili lwesonto kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside. Clinker kuyabiza kakhulu kunamanye izinto enamathela, kodwa izinga ufaneleke izindleko. It yasungulwa futhi kwaqala ukukhiqizwa ngezinga ezimbonini Netherlands ekhulwini XIX. Igama layo lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu izindlela Dutch "ukushaya". Ekuqaleni lalisetshenziswa kuphela kuvuleke imigwaqo, kodwa kamuva yaba omunye izinto ezidume kakhulu yangaphandle futhi ingaphakathi.

Izici

Clinker ebhekene isitini anezakhi ngokomzimba kanye zokuhlobisa esiyingqayizivele. Basuke odalwe amasu engavamile ezokukhiqiza kanye ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphinde zisebenziseke ekhethekile. Brick umkhiqizo kuphela okuthiwa ubumba mafutha nge wokuqukethwe lelisetulu asebenza ngebhethri isihlabathi. Ingxube kwaba udayi amaminerali refractory futhi basalt mlilo kungenza ukungezwa. I okusezingeni eliphezulu lokushisa isihlabathi uguqulwe ingilazi. Imigomo kokudubula izikhala zihluke kakhulu standard. Ukuze uthole izinga wayefisa umkhiqizo lokushisa kuhhavini kufanele kugcinwe ngokunembile ngaso 1300 ^C. Ukuze uqhathanise, kule nqubo yokushisa, isitini abavamile ngokwanele ^mayelana 900 C. Ukulandela mibandela inqubo uqinisekisa porosity okungenani impahla kanye kwabantu bayo. It ozuza amandla kungemalengiso futsi aphansi kakhulu umswakama ukumuncwa.

Ukuvikeleka nokuphepha

Clinker olungaphambili lwesonto ebhekene isitini akudingi banakekelwe futhi imizamo ukulondoloza ukubukeka yobuhle. Ukungcola akusho ukungena kwamanzi futhi kalula wageza off ngamanzi, kunikeza eliphansi kakhulu porosity impahla. Lesi sici futhi kuvimbela ukubonakala moss ezindongeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo umbala isitini akusho ukudunga njengoba udayi amaminerali kunezelwa ngqo ubumba at the stage of amalungiselelo. Lokhu kwaziswa ulwelwesi azigcina ngayo kuqala for a lifetime.

Ngamagama yezikhwepha clinker ebhekene isitini kabili evamile. It has ezingeni lelisetulu ukumelana kokucindezelwa nokuzabalazela umonakalo lokukhanda. Architects ulisebenzise ukuze kwakhiwe izisekelo kanye ezindlini zezakhiwo, athwala isisindo ukwakhiwa futhi kumelwe ukumelana imithwalo esindayo.

Amanzi ukumuncwa futhi isithwathwa ukumelana

Isakhiwo sangaphakathi kakhulu clinker ukuminyana ngenxa izinto precompressed wadubula ashisa kakhulu. Ukungabikho pheze ephelele ikhule ezimbotsheni ezincane ukuvimbela Ukungena umswakama. Clinker ebhekene izitini ukuncela 3-5% yesisindo sayo yamanzi. Uma umkhiqizo has a ebusweni ezicwebezelisiwe, ayikwazi ukudonsa umswakama. Ukuze uqhathanise, nangezinye izinto, bangamaphesenti 25%.

Izinga eliphansi amanzi ukumuncwa unika nezinzuzo ezingokoqobo. Ulwelwesi ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni elibuhlungu, ngaphandle kokwenza imizamo eyengeziwe ukuze awuvikele imvula. Kukhona ubudlelwano phakathi ukumuncwa amanzi kanye ukumelana frost. Uma isitini ubamba amanzi amaningi, oyiyo libhujiswa ashisa ongaphakeme. Clinker akububonisi lokhu ukushiyeka ngokuphelele zingamelana okungenani 75 emjikelezweni ukuqanda incibilikiswa.

ukuqina

Kuleli ipharamitha okokusebenza ngokuqinile isesikhundleni ehamba phambili. Ngokweyame zonke izidingo zobuchwepheshe ngokuhamba elisetshenziswa ukwakhiwa nokusebenza kwesikhathi isiqinisekiso lingafika iminyaka engu-100 ukuze. Lokhu nempilo ende lokukwazi kuwumphumela izimfanelo eziningi ezinhle ka clinker. Okuphansi umswakama ukumuncwa, okusezingeni eliphezulu frost ukumelana nokuqina kwayo thembeke awuvikele wonke amathonya elimazayo kwemvelo.

Security: nobungane kwemvelo futhi umlilo ukumelana

Clinker ebhekene isitini kuhlanganisa ukubunjwa izakhi zalo zemvelo kuphela yemvelo: ubumba, isihlabathi nezinye izakhamzimba ezihlukahlukene amaminerali. Akenzi ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana iyiphi izinto eziyingozi. Lokhu kwaziswa ukwakhiwa kungenziwa ngokuqiniseka chasiselwe enobungane kakhulu imvelo. Clinker ukumelana ngaphandle ukusonteka lokushisa ukuze 1800 ^C. ngezinga okunjalo lomlilo ukumelana kumelwe ingxube infusible okuyindawo prozvodyat. Ukusetshenziswa le nto ekwakhiweni kwandisa ukuphepha komlilo zezakhiwo.

amaphutha

Uma kukhona sebuningini izinzuzo clinker isitini ulwelwesi has bokwenza ezithile. Lezi zihlanganisa yayo ongaphakeme ekuvikeleni impahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukonga ngokuya ukushisa kuba cishe izikhathi ezimbili ngaphansana ezivamile ngezitini ezibomvu. Kuyinto ephawulekayo ukuthi lo mshumayeli yokusilela kancane inxeshezelwa yokuthi abakhiqizi akhiqiza izinhlobo eziningi eziyize lo mkhiqizo. Ngokwesibonelo, clinker isitini ulwelwesi ngoba kuphela Ingaphandle ezimweni eziningi kwenzeka samuntu ezinjalo. Ubuze kakhulu ngcono zihlale zifudumele.

Fields of kwesicelo

Izinhlobo clinker ebhekene isitini kunqunywa uya khona. Front isetshenziselwa ngombala Ingaphandle, ngokuvamile surface ezicwebezelisiwe umswakama ukumelana nokuphepha esiphezulu. Abakhiqizi zinikeza anhlobonhlobo imibala kanye indlela yokwenza lolu hlobo ngezitini. Gandelwe esetshenziselwa kuvuleke izingadi driveways. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngenxa amandla ayo, inikeza ukumelana enhle kakhulu imithwalo eliphezulu, isibonelo, kunesisindo semoto. Ukwakha ifomu ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha isisekelo futhi fundametov.

Amasayizi kanye nemibala

Kukhona nezindinganiso eziqinile ngokuhambisana lapho clinker ebhekene isitini. Ubukhulu ayikwazi abaphambuki ezingaphezu kuka-4 mm ubude, 3 mm ububanzi 2 mm ukujiya. Ukunemba incike izinga umenzi imishini kanye ziqu of ochwepheshe yayo. Kukhona ngokuyisisekelo ezintathu osayizi ukwakhiwa impahla:

• olulodwa (250 x 120 x 65 mm);
• sesquihydrate (250 x 120 x 88 mm);
• Dual (250 x 120 x 140 mm);

Standard European - 250 x 85 x 65 mm. Imikhiqizo ethandwa kakhulu abakhiqizi German. Russian clinker ebhekene isitini ithatha share emakethe i abangelutho. Abathengi anhlobonhlobo imibala etholakalayo kule nto. Izinkampani ukunikeza yikhulu shades, kudalwe ngokungeza impahla eluhlaza e udayi amaminerali. izici okuhlobisa, ngokuhlanganiswa ukuqina kwenza clinker isitini omunye impahla ezikhangayo kakhulu yokuqedela Ingaphakathi nengaphandle.