KaMasipala kwangasese ngokubambisana: yencazelo yesivumelwano, umthetho

UMthetho Federal №244 "Ngo lobambiswano kwezinkampani ezizimele kanye nohulumeni, ubambiswano kamasipala kwangasese" ngo-July 13, 2015 okuhloswe ngawo ukudala izimo ngenxa yokwanda ukukhanga ukutshalwa kumnotho wasekhaya, ikhwalithi yamasevisi, izimpahla kanye isebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye ukuziphatha kwezitho kwamandla wombuso kanye izinhlaka zakuleli. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we ikhomba nezici eziyinhloko isiqondiso wezomthetho elihambisana ubudlelwane, namandla nezikhungo ezinomthwalo. "On the ngokubambisana kamasipala kanye yangasese" umthetho umisa iziqiniseko of izithakazelo amaqembu wokwenziwe. Sabe cabanga nezici eziyinhloko ukulawulwa.

WokuLawula kaMasipala lobambiswano Private

I-MO ukuphetha izivumelwano supply kwemikhiqizo, kubulawa imisebenzi kanye nezinsizakalo izidingo zabo. I-oda yeziboshwa yabo kunqunywa izenzo normative we RF. Izinkontileka usekelwa kuphela esebenzisa isabelomali zendawo, akuzona izivumelwano ngokubambisana kamasipala kwangasese. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, empeleni, iqukethe kuphela ukuzibophezela sohlangothi olulodwa isevisi, ukwenza umsebenzi noma izimpahla endaweni umnqamulajuqu oluthile ukuze intengo bavumelana. KaMasipala ukubambisana yangasese - ubuhlobo lapho inikeza izinkontileka co-ngezimali ezivela ibhizinisi kanye ukusetha izibopho esihambisanayo DOD. Ngo umkhuba yasekhaya, ukuthengiselana okunjalo ziphathwa njengokutshala imali.

ubudlelwane ukuqasha

Yini kungaba ngokubambisana kamasipala kwangasese? Lesi isilinganiso kusekelwe ukuthengiselana ezahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, inhlangano zingasebenzisa impahla nsuku leasehold. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, akuzona zonke ukuthengiselana okunjalo elizoba ngokubambisana kamasipala kwangasese. Izibonelo zibandakanya lapha. Inkampani oqashe ukwakhiwa, ulisebenzisela izidingo ukukhiqizwa. Umasipala, wedlula izinkampani isakhiwo, ihlose ubuyise isabelomali wendawo ngezithukuthuku ukukhokha izindleko zokuhlinzwa kwakho. Umshado onjalo engathathi isinyathelo njengobuhlobo bokuphila kamasipala kwangasese. Ukunqunywa isikhungo iqukethe inkomba babambisane finance ukuqaliswa izidingo DOD. Ngamanye amazwi, inkampani ithatha into ukuze iqashwe ngemibandela ethize ikhambi imisebenzi yabo abalulekile emphakathini. Inkontileka kuleli cala kungenziwa ebekiwe nye sizo inkampani. KaMasipala ngokubambisana yangasese, esekelwe ukuqasha, ingasetshenziswa ukuxazulula izinkinga nentuthuko yezenhlalo nezomnotho zensimu. Lokhu kungase kube ngcono kwenkululeko services izakhamuzi, ukunwetshwa ibhizinisi amancane naphakathi, ababasekelayo kwezinye tinhlaka temphakatsi, kuvuleke amathuba emisebenzi emisha, nokunye.

KaMasipala kwangasese ngokubambisana: isimo

Ukusayina inkontileka, amaqembu anikeza imininingwane imisebenzi namalungelo abo, eqondiswa Code Civil. Njengoba omunye izinzuzo nobuhlobo obunjalo ukuba khona ukwesekwa zokulawula, ukusebenza ukuze silondoloze ukulawula kumnikazi womhlaba. Ngakho, ngokubambisana kamasipala kwangasese evumela umnikazi ukuqapha abulawe efanele yenkontileka. ngaleyo ndlela i-MO has a ingozi iphansana, akusho ukuchitha izimali mali, uma idluliselwe ukusetshenziswa izindawo ezivele zikhona. WokuLawula kaMasipala ngokubambisana yangasese sihlinzekela kungenzeka ukuba afeze eyisakhamuzi utshalomali emuzini, okuyinto kwakhe.

yokunivumela

Leli fomu wokubambisana manje uthathwa njengoba ethandwa kakhulu. Njengengxenye yesivumelwano yokunivumela, amaphrojekthi ezahlukene ngokubambisana kamasipala kwangasese. I efanele kakhulu ahlanganisa izinkontileka emkhakheni izithuthi zomphakathi, izindlu, imfucuza ukuqoqwa nokulahlwa. ERussia, kwakukhona umthetho ahlukene olawula esiphethweni yokunivumela izinkontileka.

Ukuhlanganyela inhlokodolobha

KaMasipala ngokubambisana yangasese eRussia kungenziwa igcwaliseke ngenxa azimele lemfundo noma ibhizinisi. Ngakho, le nhlangano ebumbeneko kungenziwa corporatized, isabelo izibambiso ke lingathengiswa. isilawuli Wokulawula wenziwa Kulokhu ngokuhambisana FZ "Ngo azimele impahla kamasipala kanye nesimo".

Enye - ukusungulwa kwesiGungu lebhizinisi. It uzoba ubunikazi okuxubile. It ingxenye isabelo izibambiso utawuba eMnyango Wezokuvikela, kanti bonke abanye - zimali. Imisebenzi yezomnotho kulokhu Kwenziwa ngezithukuthuku abahlanganyeli. Ngakho, kukhona zimali abazimele kanye nomasipala. Control esungulwe umphakathi Zithwala ndawonye. ubambiswano okunjalo kamasipala yangasese kuhilela izingozi ukusatshalaliswa ezilinganiselwe ngokuhambisana ukubaluleka inani ababambiqhaza enhlokodolobha. Ibhalansi izintshisekelo izonqunywa ongumnikazi Ukuvinjwa nemabhuloki ukulawula. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ngokubambisana yalolu hlobo kamasipala kwangasese kuhilela yilungu iziphathimandla kubhizinisi. Ngakho, ibhizinisi sinelungelo lokuzinqumela ngempilo yaso ngaphansi kanye nenkululeko ngokugcwele ekwenzeni izinqumo.

amafomu okuxubile

Kukahulumeni, ubambiswano kamasipala hhayi okuchaza kumthethonkombiso. Kule ndaba, practice ezingase zithathwe ezihlukahlukene amafomu okuxubile wokubambisana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezifana angaba khona amaphrojekthi ukuthi kunzima ukuba kuthiwe yimiphi embodiments ngenhla ngokubambisana.

Izinzuzo wezokuVikela

KaMasipala ngokubambisana yangasese angaba khona kuphela ngaphansi isimo nekuzuza ukuze ababambiqhaza. Ukuba khona kwawo ukhonza njengelungu imfuneko nokubambisana. Ngezinye izinzuzo ezifanayo ukuze amaqembu angase abe ezahlukene, futhi kwezinye izimo eziphikisanayo, ngezizathu. Kule ndaba, ngoba ekwakhiweni lesifanele imigomo nokubambisana kudingeka ukuba uqonde uhlobo izinzuzo ngayinye umhlanganyeli ngamunye. Izinzuzo wezokuVikela zimi kanje:

1. Ukuheha ukutshalwa kwezimali ekuthuthukisweni kwezenhlalo nezomnotho. Irisidi kwezimali kunomthelela kahle izimali zabo i-MO.
2. Ukunciphisa isikhathi tinhlelo tekutfutfukisa.
3. Ukunciphisa izindleko zakho siqu.
4. Ukuthuthukisa izinga lezinhlelo, ukunciphisa izindleko zabo.
5. Ukuheha ubuchwepheshe ngaphambilini wangaphambili engafinyeleleki.
6. I Ripple Effect.
7. Ukuheha izisebenzi ezinekhono.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, kuyoba iphutha ukusho kanjalo kuphakama lezi zinzuzo bebodwa futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi sihambisana ubudlelwano. Lezi izinzuzo kumele kuqala uthole ukukholisa ngokoqobo abantu babo abathatha izinqumo zokuphatha.

Izinzuzo Lebhizinisi

Yiziphi izinzuzo yesivumelwano? KaMasipala ukubambisana yangasese anganikeza ibhizinisi:

1. isiqinisekiso ophumelelayo inzuzo elilinganisiwe, inzuzo ngokutshalwa kwezimali, kokukhipha imali lohleliwe.
2. Ububanzi ezivuna, okuvumela ukunciphisa izindleko ngcono kwezomnotho womsebenzi ebhizinisi.
3. Ukuba khona inombolo ethile abathengi noma isiqinisekiso for emakethe.
4. ukutholakala Ephakeme wesikweletu.
5. Okuqinisekisiwe uxhaso uma deal kuhilela iqhaza Wezokuvikela izimali.
6. I kungenzeka esayinda izivumelwano ne icala ngokuhlanganyela futhi abaningana izingozi ezithile.
7. Ukuthola inani yokuncintisana, kuhlanganise nedumela, sibonga izinzuzo imali ozinzile futhi eside ngokusebenzisa iqhaza kumaphrojekthi zisho okuthile okubalulekile emphakathini.

Izingozi emagunyeni

KaMasipala ngokubambisana yangasese ngaso sonke isikhathi sihambisana Amathuba ukulahlekelwa. Ukuze uthole amandla izingozi ezingaba khona kungase kube kanje:

1. Isidingo zokwenza imali eyengeziwe, uma inqobo nje uma imigomo yenkontileka, noma imisiwe ukuqaliswa kohlelo ukuqedela Ukuyekwa kwezindlela zakhe. Lesi sakamuva kungenzeka endabeni amaphutha ngesikhathi lokulungisiswa kwezomnotho yephrojekthi noma lapho beshintsha nezimo zezimakethe.
2. Ukubambezeleka emphilweni umculi.
3. Ukwandisa inani izindleko zalo.
4. Nqaba e ikhwalithi yamasevisi futhi andise inani yabo ngesikhathi ukuqina ongaphakeme noma ibanga.
5. ukulahlekelwa idumela noma ukwehluleka imigomo phrojekthi hhayi izuzwe.

Ukulahlekelwa ngenxa yebhizinisi

izingozi Business kungaba:

1. Ukulungisa izimo womsebenzi yesivumelwano ngenxa ushintsho izici zezombangazwe ezithile (eziza kuqala zokulawula izakhiwo kwamandla, nokunye).
2. Ukungakwazi sifinyelele nenzuzo kulinganiselwa noma ukunciphisa izinga layo. Leso simo zingase ziphakame ngenxa yezici emakethe, kwezomnotho nakwezombusazwe.
3. Izinguquko ku izintandokazi umthengi.
4. Nciphisa imali lamanje lapho kukhishwa yesivumelwano.
5. Non-kuhambisana sivumelwano ka icala ngokuhlanganyela.
6. ukulahlekelwa idumela uma ukwehluleka yephrojekthi noma ukwehluleka ukuba ngifinyelele imigomo.

utshalomali

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi komasipala ukuthola esitebeleni non-intela futhi intela izindleko into bona ngempela ezisindayo. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, izindleko kuphela ezimweni ezingajwayelekile ingambozwa siqu ngokuphelele inzuzo i-MO. Nokho, ngokuvamile, ingxenye enkulu izindleko abuyiselwe kusukela isukela amabhajethi ezingeni eliphakeme. Ndawonye nale i-MO kakhulu kulinganiselwe ikhono lazo ukumboza kusilela nge zokweboleka. Indlela ephuma isimo bangaba ngokubambisana kamasipala kwangasese. Umthetho uvumela zoxhaso esinqunyiwe noma egcwele ukuqaliswa imisebenzi bemikhakha yetemabhizinisi, ukudluliselwa amabhizinisi impahla i-MO. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwezimayini besithathu izimali kungaba asule ngezithukuthuku abathengi, futhi le nqubo uzobe enwetshiwe ngesikhathi, uma lomthengi amasevisi kuyoba emiswe iziphathimandla zendawo.

I-MO umkhuba ophoqelelwe ukukhulisa izisetshenziswa ezingeziwe ukubhekana nezinkinga okuphuthumayo nentuthuko yezenhlalo nezomnotho zensimu. Njengoba ibhizinisi, umthetho "On the ngokubambisana kamasipala kanye yangasese" inikeza eziningi iziqinisekiso amabhizinisi. Okokuqala kumayelana nembuyiselo izinqubo utshalomali, kanye ezilinganiselwa ngenzuzo isizinda. Nokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi zikhona njalo izingozi ezingaba khona. Le phrojekthi kuyoba ezinkulu, yilapho bezibona khona kuyoba ephakeme.

ukusetshenziswa kwempahla

Projects ngokubambisana kamasipala kwangasese okusekelwe zokuqashisa kanye yokunivumela ubudlelwane, ezihilela ukudluliselwa amabhizinisi ukuba izinto ezithile okungewakho neziphathimandla zendawo. Kulokhu, eMnyango Wezokuvikela ushwele isibopho silondoloze impahla kanye ibhizinisi, esikhundleni salokho, silondoloza imali indalo yayo. Naphezu izinzuzo ezisobala, izinzuzo kungase kungabi okuphawuleka kangako obonakalayo ekwenziweni kwamaphrojekthi ethize. Izinto, ikakhulukazi labo ezihlobene nomkhakha wezezindlu ngokuvamile zisesimweni esibi. Kulesisimo-ke, ukuhlola ingozi ehambisana ne-isidingo of kabusha noma ulungise okumelwe kulungiswe enkulu, kungaba nzima. Ngemva kokuphela kwesikhathi yokunivumela noma uqashe umsebenzisi kumele ubuyele into kumasipala. Kulokhu, kukhona ingozi yokuwohloka kanye nesidingo ukuze afeze nokubuyiselwa kwezimali ezimpahleni ezingasuki phansi.

ukuphathwa kahle

Imfundiso emakethe umnotho, kukhona umqondo wokuthi izinkampani ezizimele esebenza kahle kakhulu ukwedlula ekuphathweni komphakathi. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, lo mbono isebenza yokuncintisana ibhizinisi imvelo, izikhungo ukuthuthuka komthetho we-civil kanye nobudlelwane zokulawula, kanye namasiko eliphezulu ukuphathwa. inhlanganisela yalezi zici kuphela okwazisa isithakazelo izinkampani commercial ukunciphisa izindleko kanye inzuzo-kabusha umthwalo ngaphezulu ukuze abathengi. Ngakho, amabhizinisi silwele ukuthuthukisa izinga izinsizakalo kanye nemikhiqizo yabo, ubuchwepheshe obusha obusetshenziswa njalo ngcono ukukhiqiza. Ukuze wenze lokhu ngaphakathi kohlaka kamasipala kwangasese ngokubambisana kufanele isungulwe izimo nokuphathwa kwemisebenzi oyokwenziwa ngaphansi kwazo ngaphandle ngabantu abanolwazi. Noma kunjalo, kungase kube amalungu kokubili uhulumeni kanye amabhizinisi ngokwabo.

okutholakele

KaMasipala kwangasese ozakwethu nokuqukethwe kwalo essence zomthetho akahlukile isimo. Umahluko owokuthi ku esikalini zokukhokhelwa nevolumu imisebenzi awenziwanga. State ngokuvamile okuthatha iqhaza ekwenziweni kwamaphrojekthi ezinkulu sokuthuthukiswa ezifundeni ezithile noma imikhakha yezomnotho kazwelonke. I-MO nentshisekelo izinhlelo ezincane ukuziphilisa.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, lo mehluko musa ukushintsha ngemihlahlandlela ekulungiseni nasekuthuleni alandelayo amaphrojekthi. Uma siyibheka izinhlelo kuzoncika kuphela kukhethwa onobuhle noma izinhlobo kokusebenza. Isimo, njengoba ngonotho ukuthengiselana ezinkulu, lapho ukusebenza ngo eziningi ngeke akwenze ngaphandle ukubanjwa kweqhaza komasipala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kwezinye izimo kuba ukubambisana kudingekile neziphathimandla zendawo imibhalo ku ukuhlela indawo, umhlaba amanzi, ukuhlinzekwa izimvume for ekwakheni izakhiwo kanye ekubhekaneni ezinye eziphathelene kwekhono ohulumeni. Kulo mongo, cishe zonke uhlelo enkulu komphakathi nezinkampani ezizimele ezisetshenziswa Ukubambisana eduze namanxusa komasipala.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ezimweni eziningi igunya lendawo unesithakazelo kakhulu ekuheheni ukutshalwa ku insimu yalo. Nokho, omasipala kuncane ngempela angakwazi yabo uma ziqhathaniswa isimo. Ngakho, bakwazi ukusebenzisa ezinye izinkampani commercial nogqozi amathuluzi. Lokhu, aveza isidingo ukudala nezinqubomgomo eziqondene ukuheha imithombo yezimali e abagcinanga nje abamele ibhizinisi, kodwa imizimba kwamandla wombuso esifundeni.

isiphetho

KaMasipala ngokubambisana yangasese, kanye kukahulumeni ihlose ukwenza ngcono ukukhanga emnothweni umphakathi ibhizinisi. I zokulawula nohlaka olubhekele ekhona manje kusivumela ukuba nokuqalisa ukuthuthukiswa kokubili ezinkulu nezincane isofthiwe. Kulesi ngokubambisana kukahulumeni, edonsa zimali, efuna ukubhekana nezinkinga ezibanzi eziphathelene esifundeni noma wemboni komnotho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo lo zikahulumeni ogunyaziwe ungene ezivumelwaneni nazo, ngokuvamile ngeke akwenze ngaphandle ukubanjwa kweqhaza neziphathimandla zendawo. Omasipala, esikhundleni salokho, ungangena ezivumelwaneni abalingani yangasese ukubhekana nezindaba kunazo ukuphokophela olubaluleke indawo. Njengomthetho, nokubambisana Kwenziwa emkhakheni amasevisi umthengi, ezezindlu kanye nezinsizakalo zomphakathi. Okubaluleke kakhulu kuba ukubamba iqhaza zimali abazimele emkhakheni kwemisebenzi yezokuthutha kanye nokwesekwa komphakathi izigaba abaswele izakhamuzi.