Izinzwa - kungcono ... imithi yokubulala izinzwa Local

Anesthesia - inqubo amandla in iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinza. Isayensi okhuluma ukwehla ubuhlungu phakathi nokuhlinzwa, isayensi yokubulala izinzwa libizwa. Ngaphezu izinzwa kuhlinzwa esetshenziswa kwamanye amagatsha emithi. Ngokwesibonelo, amazinyo, ngenkathi ephethe izivivinyo ezithile wezinsimbi (EGD, colonoscopy). Ukuze Numb endaweni ethile, usebenzisa ukubulala izinzwa engxenyeni ethile. ukungenelela Abaningi kuhlinzwa adinga umphumela bendawo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ukwethulwa nesineke imithi ubuthongo. Ngenye indlela, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi izinzwa izinzwa.

Izinzwa - Iyini?

Ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu, imithi ebulala izinzwa esetshenziswa. Kuye kobukhulu yokumelapha kuyakhethwa, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa. Okwamanje, kubonelelwa kakhulu ama-a izinzwa wendawo. Okukhishwayo kuphela yilabo ezimweni lapho ukuhlinzwa lisabalele kakhulu isikhathi. Futhi imithi ebulala izinzwa esetshenziswa ngesikhathi imisebenzi ezinganeni futhi abantu okuthile engqondweni. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa jikelele noma wendawo izinzwa, zombili lezi zinhlobo basonta imithi ebulala izinzwa. Ububanzi wabo ngempela ezibanzi. Izinzwa - ikhemikhali kusiza ukuphungula noma ususe ubuhlungu. Ngokwengxenye enkulu isetshenziswa ngezinhloso zokwelapha. Izikhombisi-main kwesicelo yayo:

1. Ukuhlinzwa - zonke izinhlobo imisebenzi izitho zangaphakathi.
2. Dentistry - analgesia yokwelapha kanye nokususwa amazinyo.
3. Trauma - I-waphuka, dislocations, nemilenze elula.
4. Yezemithi - unezela analgesics e ukwakhiwa ehlukahlukene (si izinsini ngenkathi teething, rectal suppositories hemorrhoids).
5. ukuhlola Visual - ukubulala izinzwa engxenyeni ethile ngesikhathi EGD, colonoscopy futhi broncho.

izinhlobo

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinzwa - umuthi kwadingeka kwezinhlelo ukukhululeka ubuhlungu. Kuye isakhiwo sazo sekhemikhali le mithi zihlukaniswe fast- futhi short, abanamandla nababuthaka, nokunye kwezidakamizwa. D. ngezigaba kusekelwe uhlobo ithonya ekwakhekeni komzimba womuntu. Kulesi sisekelo, analgesics zihlukaniswe imithi yokubulala izinzwa oluhlelwe ngezihloko futhi jikelele - izinzwa. Ngayinye yalezi amaqembu has izici zayo siqu. Futhi imithi ebulala izinzwa zihlukaniswe bodwa kuye indlela yokuphathwa.

izinzwa Jikelele kuhilela izinzwa kanye nokuphathwa kuHlelo womuntu imithi ubuthongo. Lolu hlobo lwe-izinzwa isetshenziselwa imisebenzi omkhulu futhi yesikhathi eside. Izindlela yokuphuza imithi ngaphansi izinzwa jikelele - the parenteral futhi ephefumula.

Ngaphansi izinzwa wendawo, analgesia libhekisela umzimba ingxenye, okuzokwenziwa zokukhwabanisa zokwelapha. Isetshenziselwa ekufezeni imisebenzi ezincane, ukwelashwa kwamazinyo, kanye neluhlolo koda.

Izinhlobonhlobo ukubulala izinzwa engxenyeni ethile

Ukuze izinzwa wendawo usebenzisa imithi ehlukahlukene. Isakhiwo amakhemikhali basuke ngamaqembu amabili main - ukufaka endaweni amides futhi esters of acid elimnandi. La maqembu zaziwa cishe kuyo yonke indawo - kuyinto lidocaine futhi procaine. Ngaphezu ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali a izinzwa wendawo libhekwa ngokwendlela indlela yokuphathwa. Lokhu ngokwahlukana kuyadingeka ukuze sithole ukujula nobude isenzo izidakamizwa:

• Surface izinzwa. Lolu hlobo lwe-izinzwa iyona elula. Le ndlela yenza kube lula ukwehlisa ukuzwela kwesikhumba futhi nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Ikakhulu esetshenziselwa amanxeba ezingabalulekile.
• Ukungena ngobuqili enhlanganweni izinzwa. Indlela liqukethe esethulweni egqinsiwe imithi ebulala izinzwa. Isetshenziselwa afeze cut ejulile kwezicubu eligcizelela ukubukeka kwangaphandle, kodwa futhi ezijulile, njengalezi amafutha ongama futhi imisipha hhayi kuphela.
• Conduction izinzwa. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, lolu hlobo izinzwa luhlukaniswe izinzwa epidural spinal.

Lo mshini wezenzo imithi yokubulala izinzwa

Izinzwa - umuthi egqugquzela ukulahlekelwa okwesikhashana ukuzwela senhlobo predetermined noma wonke umzimba. Uhlobo ngalunye izinzwa has indlela yayo yesenzo:

• izinzwa Terminal libhekene ukulahlekelwa nozwela ebusweni kwalapho kuhlangana khona imizwa etholakala esikhunjeni futhi nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa kulolu hlobo izinzwa, - "Benzocaine", "Tetracaine" (amanani abo iyashiyana kwifomu ukukhululwa).
• Ukungena ngobuqili enhlanganweni izinzwa has a indlela efanayo, umehluko wukuthi ketshezi asebenzayo lingene izicubu emzimbeni ezweni ukujula imbobo. Ngenxa yalesi ukusetshenziswa "Novocaine" (ruble 30 - 200 ml).
• Conduction izinzwa kuyinto ukucindezela ukuzwela azo zonke izinzwa (ngezansi isayithi ngokusungula indlela yokubulala izinzwa). Ngenxa yale njongo, sebenzisa "Bupivacaine", "Articaine" (ruble 300 - 10 ampoules ka 2 ml).
• Ukuze uthole ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile isetshenziswa izinzwa inhalational, okuyinto ukungena emzimbeni ukudlula emaphashini. Babopha ukuze receptor futhi abangele impumuzo hhayi kuphela ubuhlungu, kodwa futhi ukupholisa (ukulala).

Izinkomba isicelo imithi yokubulala izinzwa

Kukhona izindlela eziningi abonisa ngoba imithi ebulala izinzwa. Khona-ke abakhululiwe ezivamile zimi kanje:

1. Imiyalelo yimuphi yinkimbinkimbi, kungakhathalekile kwasendaweni.
2. Ukususwa kanye nokwelashwa kwamazinyo.
3. Ukuqhuba izindlela luhlolo koda.
4. Ezinye izinqubo yezimonyo (ukususwa warts esikhumbeni futhi nolwelwesi lwamafinyila).

Zokubulala izinzwa kungezwe ngamalungiselelo ehlukahlukene zokwelapha (suppositories yokugcoba, lozenges, napkins). Afuthwe ngesibulali imithi yokubulala izinzwa amakhondomu nezinye izinto zokuvimbela inzalo.

Lapho is contraindicated imithi yokubulala izinzwa?

I Izimo ezisemqoka ukusabela iguliswa izidakamizwa ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo ka analgesics. Luyingozi kakhulu ukusebenzisa imithi yokubulala izinzwa in iziguli umlando anaphylaxis noma angioedema. Izimo isihlobo nokukhulelwa kanye lactation. Kulokhu, manipulation sipho ukuhlehlisa, uma akubhekwa esiphuthumayo (esindisa impilo). Ukuze imithi yokubulala izinzwa imuncwe kuthiwa contraindicated izifo decompensated ezingamahlalakhona. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene pathologies senhliziyo futhi ezingalapheki ukwehluleka kwezinso. Contraindication ngoba izinzwa wendawo ngesikhathi ukuhlinzwa ubhekwa engu yezingane. Futhi, izinzwa wendawo akunconyelwe abantu abagula ngokomqondo. Kulezi zimo i-ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile.

Imiphumela engemihle imithi yokubulala izinzwa

imiphumela emibi ukubulala izinzwa engxenyeni ethile zihlanganisa ukusabela kabi komzimba ezifana ukushaqeka anaphylactic, edema, urticaria, pruritus. Ukuqhuba jikelele izinzwa esiyingozi ukuboshwa inhliziyo noma ukucindezeleka zokuphefumula (izidakamizwa ukweqisa izidakamizwa). Futhi emva ephefumula futhi izinzwa ngomjovo isiguli kungaba ukusangana yibe yinto exakayo, kukhuphuke motor umsebenzi, buthaka jikelele. Zonke lezi zenzakalo kumele singeqi amahora angu-24 emva lokungeniswa ngokusungula indlela yokubulala izinzwa.

Yingani kumele usebenzise amakhondomu nge izinzwa?

Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo ukulungiswa eziningi isithiyo nokukhandela imbeleko. Omunye wabo - amakhondomu nge imithi ebulala izinzwa. Zisetshenziswa ukuba zinde le ocansini. Lo mshini wezenzo ukunciphisa nozwela umthondo glans. Kuze kube yimanje, i-mnandi ikhondomu ukungezwa ukubulawa izinzwa. Intengo lezi izinto zokuvimbela inzalo zithé ephakeme kuqhathaniswa amakhondomu ezivamile.