Izinzuzo State ukuba izakhamuzi nezingane. UMthetho Federal № 81-FZ ka 19.05.1995, le

Namuhla, sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo usizo lukahulumeni ukuze izakhamuzi nezingane kanye nezinye izinkokhelo edingekayo Ekupheleni emkhayeni kanye. Lawa maphuzu abalulekile kakhulu. Phela, umbuso kufanele ngandlela-thile ukusekela labantu. Kakade waqaphela ukuthi kuleli zwe ngaphasi kwelizinga lebuphuya ikakhulu emikhayeni lapho kukhona okungenani 2 eyingane. Futhi kulesi simo kubalulekile ngandlela-thile ukuphuma. Yini ungalindela ukuba abazali eRussia endabeni ethile? On izinkokhelo isimo kusho uMthetho Federal №81 kusukela 19.05.1995. Futhi hhayi kuye kuphela. Ngakho-ke ubeka abazali endabeni ethile? Hlobo luni ukwesekwa abazilindele?

ukubhaliswa kwangaphambilini

Nazi izinhlobo usizo lukahulumeni ukuze izakhamuzi nezingane, zihlukahlukene. Eyokuqala, nakuba hhayi kakhulu abalulekile yokukhokha - ukheshe isinxephezelo ekuseni yokubhalisa kanye izimali. Kungase wafanelekela ukuba izakhamuzi abazisebenzayo nalabo abangasebenzi. I oyisisekelo kokuthola yokukhokha - ladluliselwa isikhungo sokwelapha sokubhalisa izinyanga kuze kufinyelele 3 zisuka yokukhulelwa. Emva kwalesi sikhathi, ukukhiqizwa ayoshaywa indiva ekuseni.

Kungakanani uthola kulesi simo? Hhayi okuningi kakhulu. Kusukela 2016 unina Ngubani owazala ingane (ezibalulekile: imali ikhishwe kuphela ngemva ukulethwa!) Ukuze ukubhaliswa ekuqaleni naye uzothola ruble 576 83 kopecks. Akusekho, lokungekho ngephansi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wake wasebenza ngaphambi, noma cha. Le nkokhelo indaba ezingeni wesishayamthetho osayizi isilungisiwe.

isibonelelo evalelwe

Lokho bonke. Ngaphezu ukubhaliswa ekuqaleni, lapho namanje aqokwe usizo lukahulumeni ukuze izakhamuzi nezingane, okuthiwa "sokubeletha". Kungaba abathi isakhamuzi ukusebenza. Qaphela ukuthi kumele enze umsebenzi wabo inkampani ethile iminyaka emibili.

Kungakanani oyithola isimo njengoba kusekelwa? Okuningi kuxhomeke ekutheni ukufunde umholo wakho (esemthethweni). It is kunakwe-100% wemali ukuthi ngenyanga eminyakeni emibili edlule. Kufanele ufake isibawo yokukhokha emnyangweni ezimali kumqashi wakho.

isakhamuzi Angiqashiwe aze athole inzuzo sokubelethisa nokukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile, labo abanomkhuba kungukuthi ngokomthetho baqashwe, wabeka izinzuzo ambalwa. Kuwufanele ukuliqaphela.

Inkokhelo eyisamba sokubelethisa

Olunye uhlobo ukukhuthazwa imindeni lapho umntwana osanda kuzalwa - inkokhelo eyisamba ukuzalwa kwengane. Zonke ikhokhwe kanye kuphela ezincane ngamunye. Akunandaba ukuthi umama wasebenza noma cha. Futhi isibalo sezingane wenkokhelo akuxhomekile. Okungukuthi angabonelela komntwana wokuqala, wesibili okwalandela izokhishwa amanani alinganayo imali.

Okwamanje isamba semali kuyinto ruble 15.512 futhi 65 amasenti. Kuyadingeka ukuba isicelo noma umqashi noma isikhwama zikamazisi. Ukubhaliswa yenkokhelo kuzodingeka izinyanga eziyisithupha kuphela kusukela esethulweni olusanda kuzalwa ozalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazali balahlekelwe ikhono ukukhiqiza lo mhlahlandlela.

Ukuze abafazi lempi

unkosikazi wezempi, futhi, yaqashelwa. Uma abayeni babo kuzo zonke izigaba kamuva yokukhulelwa abesifazane kwakungasehlane laseBeti ucingo, ningaqiniseka ukuthi usizo lwezimali kusukela wombuso. Okubalulekile: elithi azoya "isimo ezithakazelisayo" kumelwe hhayi ngaphansi kuka ezingu-180. ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo kuphela ongafaka isicelo emagunyeni afanele ukuthola imali.

Kungakanani uthola ngale ndlela? Lokhu usizo lukahulumeni ukuze izakhamuzi nezingane, ikhokhelwe isamba semali e inani ruble 24 565 89 kopecks. Musa ukudida ngayo isamba sokubeletha - owesifazane wakhe, futhi, ukwazi ngemva ubelethe umntwana.

iminyaka nesigamu

Umthetho Kuzuzisa inombolo Umthetho 81 ka-19 Meyi 1995 sihlinzekela usizo lwezimali lokusiza izakhamuzi ababonisa ukunakekelwa ngayo lapho usana. Nokho, eminyakeni eyodwa nengxenye. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ungase esikhathini esibekiwe ukuze uthole imali. ubungako bawo kuxhomeke ekutheni isakhamuzi ukusebenza (Hhayi umama) ngesikhathi eminyakeni emibili kanye iholo inkathi ethile yesikhathi. Inani lezingane ezingabekwa nakho kunendima okuyifezayo.

Uma umama (noma omunye umuntu phakathi kwezihlobo abayoba unakekele ingane kuze iminyaka 1.5) ayisebenzanga, ungalindela kuphela inkokhelo encane ukuba ube usayizi isilungisiwe. Nokho, e-Russia ubonelela indexation ukusekelwa ngokwezimali.

ukunakekela Isihlobo usana, ngenyanga uthola u-40% isilinganiso somholo izinyanga 24 - uma kuba ngesikhathi ukuvela ilunga lomndeni elisha umuntu wasebenza. Kodwa isakhamuzi abangasebenzi bangathembela kuphela, njengoba kuye kwashiwo, inani elincane. Ekuqaleni ingane ikhokhelwa 2908 ruble 62 kopecks. Kodwa angabonelela ingane yesibili kuze iminyaka 1.5 ngeke azisizi ruble 5 817.24. On izingane okwalandela ikhokhwe imali efanayo.

Izinkokhelo kuze kube ngisho nalapho sengineminyaka emithathu

Bambalwa amahlamvu izingane eminyakeni eyodwa nengxenye ukuze ufake kabusha umsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, uhulumeni uye walungiselela isabelo esincane ingane eneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-3. Kuyinto ezimbalwa lapho abantu benesithakazelo ngenxa Ubukhulu mancane. Manje eziningi inkulumo mayelana nendlela yokuthuthukisa lolu sizo ngemali abazali.

Bangaki uzothola enakekela ingane ngesikhathi kusuka 1.5 kuya eminyakeni emi-3? 50 kuphela ruble. Njengoba abazali abaningi, akukho umuzwa ekuklanyweni isinxephezelo. Phela wamaphepha obuhambisana nenqubo, iletha nemibi ezingaphezu kuka izinzuzo ekugcineni. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi ingane bazuze kuze iminyaka 3 usalokhu. Ungathola uma ufuna. Paid wenyanga wathi inkathi ngaphambili.

Okukhishiwe izinzuzo ukuthi kufanele inikwe bafazi servicemen. They zuza support esezingeni elifanele ngempela. 10 528 ruble 24 kopecks ngenyanga ngo-2016, abantu abanjalo kufanele kube. Nokho, it is kunakwe kuphela inkathi lapho noyise wengane babekhonza ucingo.

Kuyini dolobha kamama

Kunenye uhlobo ukwesekwa emindenini nezingane. Kodwa-ke alisho izinzuzo izakhamuzi nezingane. Lona okuthiwa womama dolobha. Ikhishwe emindenini e okuzelwe izingane ezimbili, futhi ngesikhathi sokubhalisa yonke imibhalo zingabantu izingane. Lokhu nosizo lwezimali kungenziwa wachitha noma ekwelapheni ingane ubani ukukhokhelwa ikhishwa, noma ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe. Kodwa kungenzeka ukuchitha dolobha ngcono izimo zhilischnyh. Okuwukuphela kwento ezivamile eRussia.

usayizi matkapitala akuxhomekile isibalo sezingane. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lokhu isamba semali. Uma nazo zonke ekhokhwa zonke izingane srl. Ngamanye amazwi, uma ukuzalwa kwengane yesibili uke wakhipha lesi usizo, ngemuva ukubonakala ingane yesithathu matkapital hhayi ikhishwe.

Kungakanani uthola? Ngo-2016, abazali ukubeka okuningi njengoba ngo-2015 Futhi - 26 453 000 ruble. Manje sixoxa kokufakwa ohlwini ukukhokhelwa. Enough ukuqoqa uhlu ezithile kwemibhalo kanye uthole isitifiketi kwabakhulelwe dolobha. Kwenze akunjalo nzima njengoba kubonakala.

omunye umzali

ERussia, kukhona ukwesekwa owengeziwe wezimali uma umzali uletha ingane. Ngokuvamile, izimo ezinjalo iyosebenza izingane abakhubazekile. Uma sikhuluma Esimweni esinjalo, isinxephezelo for ukukhubazeka kwengane yakhiwa iminyaka engu-23. Yena bangathembela umama ongayedwa.

Singaba nethemba ngoba? Inani eyisisekelo ukusekelwa ngokwezimali kuyinto ruble 6000. Inani ezifanayo zokusiza izinceku zakhe ingane kuze kube iminyaka engu-18, okhubazekile 1 noma 2 amaqembu. Ngemva kwakhe nsuku saziso kufanele ahlinzeke ukunakekelwa umzali oyedwa kuphela. Kungenjalo, ungakwazi yini sincike izinkokhelo kubazali. zikhutshaziwe kuphela uzothola impesheni ngenxa yesimo sabo esikhethekile.

Siza imindeni emikhulu

Yini okunye okufanele banake? Umama wezingane eziningi unelungelo lokuthola imali eyengeziwe. Abakhokhelwa ngumqashi, futhi kusukela sikhwama sikahulumeni. Lokho imikhaya baba ezibhekwa imindeni emikhulu? Okokuqala sidinga ukuqonda ukuthi isimo esinjalo kunikezwa lawo nezingane ezintathu noma ngaphezulu ezincane. Ezinye izindaba zika-umndeni abhekwa ezivamile.

Njengomthetho, ungakwazi ukubala emalini yesibonelelo sikahulumeni. Umama wezingane eziningi bangathola izinzuzo ezithile. Kungokufanayo uya for imindeni lapho abangaphezu kuka izingane ezimbili. Kungakhathaliseki bamukela noma izihlobo.

Iziphi izinzuzo bathembele? Okokuqala, u-30% we izindleko nursery nezinye izinkonzo. Okwesibili, izikhungo zemfundo ye ingxenye efanayo sabantu uphiwa ukudla khulula. Izidakamizwa zemithi kuze iminyaka 6 izingane kakhulu ukubeka. Kwezinye izimo, ungase uthole ngisho khulula ngemifaniswano yesikole!

Cash futhi esingeke silitshalwe. Uma kukhona imali enkulu umkhaya ukuba ingane eneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-18 (noma 16). Lena inkokhelo lesifunda nyangazonke, okuyinto esifundeni ngasinye sihlukile. Ngokwesilinganiso, 16 (noma 18) iminyaka, imindeni enezingane banelungelo lokuthola ruble 600. Endaweni ethile lokhu isinxephezelo engaphansi endaweni ethile ngaphezulu. Ngokuvamile ikhokhwe njengoba nje ingane ifunda ezikhungweni zemfundo kanye kungazange kufinyelele yobudala.

usizo Regional izingane

Kodwa akugcini lapho. Zuza for ingane yokuqala, kanye eyalandela, kungaba ngaphezu kwalokho ukwabelwa hhayi kuphela isimo, kodwa futhi ezingeni lesifunda. Yiqiniso, usayizi waso uyophinde zincike esifundeni ohlala kulo.

Ungathola isabelo lesifunda ngemindeni nezingane. Lena usizo yesikhathi esisodwa zezimali, it is ngokuvamile ezikhokhelwa umntwana ngamunye ozalwa. Ngokwesilinganiso, usayizi salo ruble 15 kuya kwezingu-30. Cacisa izici ekuphathweni wendawo.

Kukhona izinkokhelo gubernatorial. Bona, kanye lesifunda, kuye ngokuthi isifunda ohlala kulo. Futhi ikhokhelwa kusukela ezimalini RF FSS kusukela umbusi. Ingabe yesikhathi esisodwa, wagqoka ingane ngayinye. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Kaliningrad "umbusi" kuyinto ruble 3 500. Hhayi okuningi kakhulu, kodwa hhayi ngokwanele. Xhumana ekuphathweni yesihloko sakho we Russian Federation, ukwazi kahle ubukhulu yokukhokha imali.

Senza nesondlo

Iyini inqubo for ukukhokhwa kwemihlomulo isimo ukuze izakhamuzi nezingane? Enough banxuse Social Support Fund noma umqashi wakho ukuze uthole lezo noma ezinye izimali. Njengoba esinye isixazululo - "omunye inkonzo stop", noma IFC. Ngokuvamile, ukuze kusebenziswe nezinsiza ngokuvamile kufanele ngaso sonkhe sikhatsi yetfulwe:

• izitifiketi zokuzalwa zezingane;
• iphasiphothi lomzali othola imali;
• isitatimende esibhaliwe kule noma ukuthi ukusekelwa impahla;
• ulwazi, okuyinto zizokwenziwa ukukhokhelwa akhawunti yasebhange;
• amakhophi okwangempela yerekhodi umsebenzi;
• isitifiketi somshado / sehlukaniso;
• isitatimende non-irisidi ye kwemisebenzi inzuzo (for the abangasebenzi);
• isitifiketi kusuka emtholampilo sokubhalisa;
• izitatimende yezinzuzo isilinganiso ezinsukwini zokugcina 2 iminyaka (abasebenzi);
• lempi umyeni ithikithi (ngoba owesifazane amasosha) noma omunye umbhalo eqinisekisa inkonzo isakhamuzi;
• sicashunwa umqashi nomyeni wayo awutholi izinzuzo zabo (ngokusemthethweni abasebenzayo - isitifiketi eqinisekisa ukungabi khona namarhubhelo wokungasebenzi).

Imibhalo engenhla kudingeka njalo. Asiza bathole usizo semali esasivela FSS. Ngokuvamile, abantu siphendukele ngokushesha umqashi noma accounting noma ukuphepha komphakathi iminikelo. Manje is kuyanda umsebenzi MFC.

Uma ufisa ukufaka isicelo womama dolobha, kuyodingeka ukuqoqa amadokhumenti amasha. Ngakho, ungase uhlele nesondlo. Imibhalo edingekayo ukuze matkapitala cishe kuyafana. Kuphela uhlu mfushane izikhathi eziningana. Manje kumele atshengise:

• umzali kokuthola iphasiphothi (futhi SNILS);
• izitifiketi zokuzalwa zonke izingane (+ SNILS zabo);
• isicelo matkapital;
• isitifiketi eqinisekisa nokubhalisa umshado.

Yilokho. Ungakhohlwa ukwenza amakhophi bese unamathisela ukuba ifomu lesicelo. Lolu hlu olungenhla yanikezwa Pension Fund endaweni yangakini. Ngamtshela ukuthi uma-ke ungathola isitifiketi esikhethekile matkapital. Akukho nzima noma ekhethekile. I kusengaphambili esikhulu ukuze balungise amaphepha - kuyoba lula kakhulu ukuphila kwakho.

Manje, yebo, ezinye izinzuzo isimo ukuze izakhamuzi nezingane, kuyadingeka endabeni ethile. Ngaphezu kosizo oshiwo ngenhla, ungathola imali yentela. Isiza abazali baqashwe ukukhokha izintela kancane. Esikhathini izingane ezimbili zokuqala iholo emalini ruble 1400, ngokuba wesithathu futhi okwalandela - 3000.