Izinkinobho: umlando wesenzakalo, izinhlobo, isicelo. Inkinobho yegolide. Izinto zokugqoka

Ukuhamba nsuku zonke ukusebenza, ukufunda noma ukuhamba, asihlanganisi ukubaluleka okukhethekile ezinkinobho zokugqoka. Ziye zaba izesekeli ezijwayelekile futhi ezivamile ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi aziqapheli nje futhi zastegivaeshsya nge-inertia. Kodwa umlando wenkinobho uyathandeka kakhulu futhi ucebile. Sizokwazi ngokusondelana kakhulu naloluhlobo lwe-clasp.

I-semantics yamaconsi

NgesiRashiya, leli gama libhekisela ku "scarecrow", "pugachom", "wesaba". Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaSlav abizwa ngokuthi umsebenzi ovikelayo nowesabisayo. Futhi, ngokusho kwesichazamazwi sikaDahl, izilimi zesiRashiya igama elithi "pugalka" lagcinwa isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke ibizwa ngokuthi yi-accessory yebell ekhethekile, eyayinamathele kwikhola noma ixilwe ngochungechunge. Kusukela kumaSanskrit yasendulo "pug" - "isabha", futhi "Vic" - "birch", "induku", "isibhamu". Futhi kwenzeka ukuthi inkinobho yayibizwa ngokuthi inkinobho, isibhamu noma i-pugoprut. Okungukuthi, kwakukhona nomsebenzi wokuvimbela.

Kusukela esiNgisi, "inkinobho" ( inkinobho ) isho "ukuhluma" - imbali engavulwa. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi eNtshonalanga Yurophu, izingxenye ezincane zokugqoka zenza umsebenzi ongeke uzibophezele, futhi ubuhle, umsebenzi wokuhlobisa. Ngokwencazelo ye-Romance, kwakukhona amagama aqhathanisa nezwi elibhekiswe kwi-syllable yokuqala: "isinkwa", "ibhodlela" ne "botao". Bathi "ukubhoboza", "ukubhoboza", "ukucindezela".

"Inkinobho" ngesi-Arabhu yi-homonym ye-rose futhi izwakala njenge "zarra". Kodwa ngenguqulo yasendulo yasePheresiya, leli gama lisho "igolide." Kungacatshangwa ukuthi ezikhathini zasendulo izinkinobho zalezo zindawo zazifanekisela ilanga, ngakho-ke zibafaka kuphela ezintweni eziyigugu.

Izinhlobo

Ngenxa yokuthi inkinobho inomlando ocebile kakhulu, lesi sici sokugqoka sinikezwa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zombala nezinhlobonhlobo namuhla. Okuvame kakhulu ukuhlukahluka okujikelezayo. Kodwa ungaphinde uhlangane ne-convex, spherical, oval, cylindrical, triangular, square, ngesimo sezilwane nezinye izinkinobho. Ifomu ngalinye linikeza isitayela esiyingqayizivele, ngakho-ke abakhiqizi befashini kanye nezinaliti zezinyosi bakhetha ngokucophelela izinkinobho zokuhlanganisa nesitayela nesitayela sezingubo.

Izakhi ezinezimbobo ezimbili noma ezine zidinga kakhulu, zivame ukuba nezintathu. Isibonelo, izinkinobho ezinjalo zamama-pearl zaba umehluko wezingubo zesilisa zegama elithi "Van Laak". Ukubamba ngomgodi owodwa (kufana nobuhlalu obuphambene) noma ube ne-eye, yochungechunge luni na oluqinisiwe. Izinguquko ze-jeans azigciniwe, kodwa zifakwe kwizingubo. Le nkinobho ine-stud-stud nekhanda elithantayo. Kukhona neCanada. Inemifantu kanye nezintambo ezimbili ezihlangene, lapho zihleliwe khona nge-tape.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuqinile, izinkinobho ziyahlukahluka ngobukhulu. Izindwangu ezinkulu nezindwangu zihlanjululwa emigqumeni enesisindo kanye nezingubo zangaphandle. Futhi izinkinobho ezincane ezincane nezincane zamaparele zilungele izinto zokukhanya.

Clasp Imisebenzi

Lesi sici sezingubo siguqule kuwo wonke umlando. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, kwavela ukuthi izinkinobho ziyahlukahluka ngenhloso. Imiphi imisebenzi abangayenza?

1. Uchwepheshe. Yilokho, lokhu kuyinhlangano yokuqala yokuzila, ukuqinisa imininingwane yokugqoka.

2. Ulwazi. Ngenkinobho ungachaza isikhundla noma isimo.

3. Imilingo. Kusuka kuzinkinobho wenza zonke izinhlobo zama-talisman kanye nezinkomba.

4. Ukuhlobisa. Ngezinye izikhathi izigqoko zokugqoka zikhonjiswe njengezihlobiso.

Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi umlando wokubukeka kwenkinobho nokuthi yini eyashintsha ngayo isikhathi.

Izingqimba zasendulo

Ekuqaleni, abantu bokuqala abazange basebenzise izinkinobho, kodwa babophe izintambo zezambatho ngefoshi noma badlulisa uhlangothi olulodwa emgodini lomunye. Kamuva, sebevele baqagela ukusebenzisa amabhande, ukuphoqa kanye nezikhonkwane ezivela emathanjeni, izinti, amahlumela, amava ezitshalo nezinye izinto ezilungisiwe. EGibhithe lasendulo, indlela yokugcizelela ngamabhakede yayivele isithandwa. Okutholakele kakhulu kunazo zonke kusukela ngo-2800 BC.

Kamuva (endaweni ethile ngo-2000 BC) abantu baqala ukwenza izinsimbi zensimbi nezombumba ezingenazo izimbobo. Kodwa izibonelo ezithile zazihlanzekile futhi ziqondile kangangokuba zingabanjelwa ngentambo. Futhi zatholakala izinkinobho ezivela kuma-seashells, okungenani, asetshenziselwa njengemihlobiso. Izinto eziphawulekayo, izibopho ezenziwe nge-shellfish shellfish, zithandwa kuze kube namuhla.

Njengoba kuphawuliwe yi-archaeologists, itholakala ngamatshe, eqala ngo-1500 BC, ingafakwa njengento esebenzayo. Okusho ukuthi, abantu basebenzise ukugcizelela, hhayi njengemihlobiso efana namagobolondo. Enye indaba ekhona iyisihlahla. Kodwa izakhi zezingubo ezivela kuso azitholanga. Omunye angacabanga nje ukuthi izinkinobho zokhuni zazivame futhi. Kodwa ngenxa yempahla yabo bavele bebolile futhi abazange basinde kuze kube sesikhathini sethu.

Izinkinobho ezinjengezikhumbuzo

Namuhla, bambalwa abantu abakhumbula ukuthi izakhi zokugqoka zaziyizintelezi ezibalulekile zemilingo, ezesabisa amabutho anonya. Phakathi kwazo kukhona amahlumela, ubuhlalu, ama-embroideries, amabellane nama-fasteners angenalutho, ahlanganiswe neketheni noma ikholomu. Isibonelo, ku-Novgorod itholakala ihembe elinenkinobho enkulu ebomvu. Akazange agxilise noma yini futhi akazange akhonze njengomhlobiso. Umbala obomvu wamaSlav wesaba umoya obi futhi wawuthandwa. Ngoba kungase kubonwe ukuthi inkinobho kuleso simo yayingumlondolozi. IziShayina ngezizathu zemilingo zihlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zama-knot-fasteners, okudume kakhulu kunazo zonke ngokuthi "inkunzi ye-monkey."

Futhi esakhiweni esingenalutho noma izinkinobho zokhuni kwafakwa i-pellet, i-strabble nxazonke noma ucezu lwe-tin, okuyinto, ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, iphume umsindo ozwakalayo, njenge-bug. Bayifakwa emaketangeni njengamaketanga noma ahlanjululwe izingubo. Ngisho nama-mascot asetshenziselwa izigxobo eziphambene nezimbobo ezine. Lapha, indlela yokuthunga inkinobho enjalo yayibaluleke kakhulu. Isibonelo, ukuheha umcebo, ukufakwa kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela ye-Z, ukuze uvikele impilo enhle nobuhle - ngendlela yesiphambano.

Imibono emisha

Ngekhulu le-16, abadwebi baseVenice baqala ukwenza izinkinobho besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamuva. Okushiwo ukuthi i-glass efudumele ifakwe ngokushesha emanzini abandayo futhi athathwa. Ngenxa yokwehla kwezinga lokushisa, ukuqhuma okuningi okwenziwe kumkhiqizo. Babuye baphinde begcwele ingilazi, futhi ngenxa yokukhishwa kokukhanyisa, inkinobho yayithululelwa ngemibala ekhanyayo, njengetshe eliyigugu. Kwakuyi-revolution yangempela!

Ngemuva kwezingcweti zekhulu ze-Florentine zakhula ngomklamo wezithombe ukuze uthole inkinobho. Umlando awukabonanga ukuphumelela okunjalo ekuklanyeni kokuqinisa. Amasters esakhiweni sesiliva noma segolide abeka izingcezu ezincane zeglasi noma ngamatshe ngendlela ehlelekile, kodwa kwaba kuhle kakhulu. Kamuva, isikhumba esinezici eziningi sasibekwa ngaphansi kwesiqephu sesilazi se-fastener. Futhi kakade ekhulwini le-18, izinkinobho zama-koqweqwe lwawo nama-miniatures ezikopishwe emisebenzini yi-Watteau neBushe abaculi babesemfashini. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ubuciko bokuhlobisa imininingwane encane yokugqoka sekufinyelele phezulu.

Inkinobho njengekhadi lebhizinisi

Esikhathini esingaphambi kwePeterrine Russia, kwakungenzeka ukuthi ufunde okuningi ngale ndoda ngama-fasteners. Inombolo yezinkinobho, ukuma kwawo, amaphethini noma izimpawu eziboniswe kubo zikhuluma ngesimo, isimo, ukusondela kwamandla noma ukufaneleka. Ngolunye uhlobo lokugqoka inani lezinkinobho lalichazwe ngokucacile. Isibonelo, ama-8, 11, 13-16 ahlanganiswa ngengubo yoboya, futhi ku-caftan - 3, 8, 10-13, 19. Iningi lale nkinobho kufanele libe yi-tehilya, izikhali ezigqamile ezinezandla ezimfushane lapho abagibeli behamba khona. Futhi, ukwaziswa komkhiqizo kubalulekile. Isibonelo, ijaji lika-Ivan the Terrible lalifanele libe nekhibhodi yegolide. Futhi ku-caftan eyodwa kwakumelelwe inani lezingcezu ezingu-48, futhi kwezinye ezingu-68 ezinjalo zazingena.

Izinga lempi lingabuye lihlukaniswe nezinkinobho. Izikhulu zaziyisiliva noma igolide, namasosha - ithusi, ithusi, itini noma ithusi. Abaqaphi kanye nabaphathi bezintambo bezinkinobho zomzimba, okungukuthi, ngokhozi. Futhi le mibuso, eholwa ngabameleli bomndeni wasebukhosini, yayigqoke izinkinobho ezinesithombe somqhele. Esikhathini esizayo, indima ephawulekayo iyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa. Inkinobho ingasho ukuthi yiluphi umsebenzi owenziwa ngumuntu: i-serviceman, isikhulu sikahulumeni, ososayensi, njalonjalo. Ezinye zezifanekiselo zisetshenziswa esikhathini sethu. Lena inkinobho yegolide enehange efanelwe yifenifomu yolwandle kanye namagatsha e-oki emaqenjini ehlathi.

Ukulingana emasithweni wabesilisa nabesifazane

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izinkinobho zesikhathi eside zazililungelo lamadoda. Futhi ezingutsheni zabo, le mininingwane emincane itholakale kuphela kusukela ngakwesokunene kuya kwesokudla. Iqiniso liwukuthi amadoda azigqoke futhi azinqanyulile ngaphambili kwakungcono kakhulu.

Laba besifazane basizwa ukuba bagqoke njengabesifazane. Kwakukhona izingubo ezaziphethe i-corset, futhi ngisho nengubo enezinkinobho. Ungacabanga ukuthi inqubo yokugqoka ingathatha isikhathi eside. Lezi zintombi sonke lesi sikhathi azizange zijikeleze phambi kwamehlo womuntu ophethe, zonke izinsimbi ezigqoke izingubo zafakwa ngemuva. Futhi baboshwa ngakwesobunxele. Lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi kwakungcono kakhulu ukuthi izinceku zizibophezele, okusho ukuthi umnakekeli angase agqoke ngokushesha.

Kamuva, la maantombazane aqala ukugqoka, kodwa, ngokumangalisayo, umehluko endaweni lapho kuqhutshwa khona izibhakede kuze kube yilolu suku. Qaphela ukuthi izinkinobho zezingubo zamadoda zikhona ngakwesokudla, futhi emikhankeni yabesifazane ngakwesobunxele.

Ama-Pug njengemihlobiso

Kamuva, izibopho ezembathweni zabesifazane zaqala ukusebenza hhayi nje kuphela umsebenzi we-utilitarian, kodwa futhi nokuhlobisa. Yilapho i-"boom inkinobho" yenzeka khona. Amantombazane azama ukuhlobisa ingubo yawo yonke ngezinhlangothi ezincane ezizungezile. Futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi yonke ifenisha yayinsimbi, abesifazane abahluphekile bemfashini kwakudingeka bagubhe ukukhanya kwamahora. Ngakho kwakukhona izingqimba, ezimbozwe ngendwangu.

Khona-ke izinkinobho zazikhulu futhi zibiza. Zenziwe nge-silver, igolide, i-porcelain futhi zihlotshwe ngamatshe ayigugu. I-dowry enjalo yayizuze njengefa futhi ishintshe kusuka kwesigqoko esisodwa kuya kwesinye. Futhi akumangazi, ngoba izingubo zingadla izinkulungwane ezine, futhi izinkinobho - eziyisishiyagalombili.

Izinkinobho zanamuhla

Ngekhulu le-19 bayeka ukwenza izesekeli ngesandla, yonke inqubo yayihlelwe kahle. Ngakho-ke, ama-pocket awela emanani futhi atholakala kubantu abavamile. Futhi ekhulwini lama-20, ipulasitiki isakazeka emhlabeni jikelele. Kusuka ezinhlobonhlobo zayo, kwakungenzeka ukukhiqiza noma yini nokudala noma yikuphi ukuma. Kanti phakathi kwamantombazane, ijaji le-jeans enezinkinobho lalidumile. Ngenaye, wabe esefika ekwenzeni izinkinobho ezikhethekile ze-riveting.

Izinkinobho zanamuhla zivame ukutholakala njengama-fasteners kanye nokuhlobisa ngezingubo, amajazi, izigqoko, izigqoko zokugeza kanye nezinye izingubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baqala ukusetshenziselwa njengento yokwakha. Zihlotshiswe izicathulo ze-ballet, ama-vases, amabhande, zonke izinhlobo zezobuciko, ezakha izingqungquthela ezimibalabala ngisho nemidwebo.

Amaqiniso anentshisekelo

• Isambatho esinezigqila kunazo zonke kwakuyiNkosi yaseFrance Francis. Kuye kwagonywa ngaphezu kwezicucu eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-13.5.

• Imfanelo ephoqelekile yesikhumba seshembe lomuntu kwakuyinkinobho encane. Kwabekwa, ukuze amasosha angazizwa ekhululekile ekuzihlanzeni ezandleni zabo.

• Okungathembekanga kakhulu kwakuyizinkinobho zembambano yebutho lamaNapoleonic. Zenziwe nge-aluminium futhi zivele ziqhekeke kakhulu kwiqhwa elikhulu.

• Kuzo zonke izinto zokuphila kwakhe, uLouis XIV wasebenzisa ama-dollar angaphezu kwezigidi eziyisithupha kwi-fasteners. Wayebathanda kakhulu.

• E-England kwakukhona isiko eside sokuqoqa izinkinobho ezinhle kunazo zonke emgqeni noma ngentambo. Uma kukhona 999 kubo, intombazane izothola isigamu sesibili.

Ekuphethweni

Ngeshwa, umlando womuntu owasungula izinkinobho azange alondoloze indaba. Nakuba yena, njengomqambi wesondo, nakanjani ufanelwe isikhumbuzo. Izikhathi zishintsha, futhi izibopho ezinjengezixhumi zezingubo zivela ohlelweni lwesibili. Sebevele bashintshiwe ngezindlela ezingcono kakhulu: umbani kanye ne-Velcro. Nakuba kwezinye izimo lokhu akulungile. Phela, izinkinobho zilula ukushintsha uma zivela noma zifuna ukuvuselela izingubo.