Izindlu ezisezindaweni isitayela Art Nouveau. izakhiwo Modern eRussia

Indlu Art Nouveau Yavela ngasekupheleni XIX - ekuqaleni XX leminyaka. Abaningi banesithakazelo ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphinde zisebenziseke entsha nomumo. Kafushane, kwakukhona isifiso ukubaleka zabuna. Ngaphansi kwethonya lezi zici, izakhiwo uye savela. Modern kwekhulu lama-20 kuyinto imiva ezahlukene. It libhekene ukusetshenziswa eziphambili izindlela lobuchwepheshe kanye amamaterial.

Uhlolojikelele

Projects kwezindlu e-Art Nouveau isitayela elinesimo yokuntuleka engeli kwesokudla futhi imigqa. Futhi, lesi sitayela kuhilela khona Umumo oyindilinga. Isici esiyinhloko endlini e Art Nouveau isitayela (izithombe uyoboniswa ngezansi) kukhona Motifs ezimibalabala. Ezweni ngalinye, lesi sitayela libizwa ngendlela ehlukile. Nokho, izakhiwo modernist Russia ubanjwe on kwaba ngaphansi kwaleli gama.

imphawu letibalulekile

Lapho wakha indlu e amakhosi Art Nouveau ukufuna ukwakha into eyodwa futhi imvelo ngekwendzawo. Ngenxa yale njongo, emgqeni arc emise. Ethonya wukuthi sebeqala agelezele ngokwabo.

Izici mbumbulu

Lapho wakha indlu e Art Nouveau isitayela ezimweni eziningi, abakhi esetshenziswa ukhonkolo nensimbi. Abenzi lutho zazifihlwa ngaphansi usimende. inhloso yabo ngqo yobuhle eza ziza kuqala. Futhi, kukhona iqoqo izakhi ingilazi. Sikhuluma mayelana KaMose ku le odongeni lwendlu olungaphambili izindlu, kanye ingilazi ibala amafasitela kanye emasangweni.

The main tesakhiwo

I Nouveau lihlukile? Izindlu zikhanga kakhulu. gqamisa ngokuyinhloko umbono wezangaphakathi kusukela ngaphandle. Ngakho, ukubonakala amaphuzu bayo of kusakhiwo futhi ukusebenza esakhiweni sisonke. Kepha mbumbulu azilingani nokwelashwa kwezobuciko, zifanekisela bakwazi nenduduzo amakamelo. Isikhathi esining impela kukhona izindlu isitayela Art Nouveau, ezenziwe ngokhuni. Zivame ehlotshiswe izakhi elandelayo:

1. balcony Rough.
2. Isitebhisi.
3. Amasimu.
4. Loggias.
5. Galleries.

Basuke zihlukaniswa khona eziningi Umumo ezihluke nobukhulu iminyango namafasitela.

kwezinye izindawo

A legatsha ehlukile isitayela - Northern modernist. Izindlu zakhiwa ngokuhambisana canons zalo, kobukhulu ezahlukene. Lokhu kuyinkomba yesimo kwabanye. Kukhona isici esasenza lesi sitayela zihlanganisa amafasitela bay, amafasitela olunezinhlangothi nophahla abukhali-angled.

okhethekile

Kube walala, iyafana amaphrojekthi kwezindlu e isitayela Art Nouveau. Eminyakeni engu-80 isiqondiso sekuqalile ukuvuseleleka, kodwa kuphela igama elisha. Yiqiniso, sikhuluma neomoderne. isitayela okusha ngiyilahle ngokuningiliziwe esiyinkimbinkimbi frills ezingadingekile. Umklamo zalezi zakhiwo Kunjengokulinda ongakhetha ehhovisi kuka indawo yokuhlala.

Izici izakhiwo lokhuni

izindlu Esihle Art Nouveau isitayela babe ngakho sibonga uhlobo ngokuvumelana. Kwesinye isikhathi "lokhuni" isiqondiso ngokuthi yimikhuba. Sikhuluma phezulu umsebenzi wokwakha. It libhekene nomhlobiso bushelelezi nangobuciko imigca ngabanye. Konke lokhu kwakubonakala sengathi imvelo wadala. Yangaphandle futhi ingaphakathi sekuhlanganisiwe. Yonke imininingwane ikhethwa ukunambitheka, asemngceleni elibi. Zonke isikhala okungezona zokuhlala imbozwe umqondo angokomfanekiso ukufanekisa ngezimpawu kanye namanye eyodwa isigqi zokuhlobisa. Isitayela wavuka emanxiweni ababengenakuzifinyelela uStalin nomenklatura classicism. Domestic Nouveau lokhuni kuyinto hybrid izitayela nangenkathi. Ngokuphathelene Dynamics isakhiwo, kuba ibala futhi izindonga zigcwele ubuhle bangaphakathi kanye olinganise lihle.

ezingokoqobo zamanje

Lokho, empeleni kuyinto Art Nouveau? Kuyinto izingoma eziyinkimbinkimbi ngezinto ezahlukene kanye indlela yokwenza, imigqa engonxantathu futhi filigree imihlobiso plastic. Njengoba ungalindela, le imisebenzi yezandla noma imisebenzi wombhali ukuthi lwenziwa eyicela. Amanye ama-elementi benziwe ikhophi eyodwa. Ikakhulukazi, lokhu kusho panel zokuhlobisa, izindonga zaveza Uphahla lwangaphakathi, futhi zensimbi ezicijile. Ngakho, iphrojekthi kuba eliyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi kuyabiza kakhulu. Ngokuphathelene ekwenziweni kwamaphrojekthi e isitayela izindlu, ke Liyindawo nzima. Kudinga ukunakekela imininingwane kanye enkulu umdwebo imiklamo. element ngayinye idinga ngokucophelela.

Ukudala design

imihlobiso Japanese kanye motifs ezimibalabala zitholakala yonke indawo. Ikakhulukazi, kumayelana imibala ifenisha, iphethini iphepha tapestries kwezicubu. Kwamanye amagatsha usesimweni kwakhiwa Nokwelukiweyo emapheshana nezimo. Umhlobiso izindonga kungabonwa shades ezithakazelisayo lokuthengisa ngokunsomi, omnqumo esiliva. Ngenxa inhlanganisela enjalo kudala inkohliso khona izilwane zasendle. Lolu hlobo isisekelo ugqozi abaculi.

ingaphakathi Izici

Ifenisha emizini, eyenziwe isitayela Art Nouveau, ukusebenza kanye zokuhlobisa ngasikhathi sinye. Ingaphakathi layo lihlotshiswe endaweni iris saziso, somkhaya futhi Tulips. Ukubukeka izihlalo, emasofeni futhi SOFAS nazo libhekene khona isitshalo izici. Okushukunyiswa bavezwa lwalugobile imigqa bushelelezi. Okwamanje ethandwa kakhulu emishinini ukuguga izakhi. Isetshenziselwa lapho zokuhlobisa izesekeli ifenisha. Kepha izindlu Art Nouveau isitayela endlini, lapha kukhona ingilazi isitsha sezimbali nezibani. Ziyakwazi izithombe izibalo kwezilwane non-akukho. Kube asivamile ukubonwa ophahleni eziyisisekelo ukukhanya. Ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zalapho ukukhanya nezibani. Ingaphakathi izindlu kuyinto kalula ezahlukene futhi kalula. inkohliso enjalo bungatholakala usebenzisa izakhi kokuzihlanganisa futhi esobala izindwangu olandelanayo. Ngokuphathelene ukubonakaliswa owayephila ngesikhathi lesi sitayela ke ziqokonyiswe izesekeli kwendle nemiklamo ezihlotshisiwe. Ezenziwe Ngesandla ubukeka original kakhulu. It is uvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa yayo sekulingisa komgwaqo. Izakhiwo izigaba ajwayelekile kakhulu podiums.

Imininingwane zomlando

nje Modern ngesikhathi kushiwo eMoscow. Ngaleso sikhathi, ngaqala ukusakaza imfashini ukuze kwakhiwe izindlu "ujike ukhiye". Kule ndaba, ngoba abakhi enkululeko zokudala ivulekile. Lesi sitayela yayidumile kakhulu kule minyaka engamashumi amabili. Ngakho, abaningi abaklami inhlokodolobha bese waphendukela izakhi zalo. Ngekusetjentiswa kwabo eziningi zezakhiwo eMoscow zazakhiwa. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi okulandelayo:

1. Yaroslavsky Station.
2. Skoropechatnya Association Levinson.
3. Cum.
4. "Metropol" ehhotela.
5. Ukwakhiwa Insurance Company "Russia".

Ingxoxo elandelayo igcizelela ezindlini tenement mansions yangasese.

izindawo ezivelele

Ikakhulukazi, kukhona ezimbili eziyinhloko farmstead phrojekthi. Basuke ubuhanjelwe Vilyam Valkot, ngubani umakhi abadumile British. Wabuye nomthelela ukuklanywa ehhotela "Metropol". Granges eduze komunye nomunye e Prechistensky Lane. Leli yi-oda MTSAO ekhethekile. Kunesikhathi lapho wayebhekwa njengomfel 'kunjiniyela "ezinkulu yenhloko-dolobha. Ngenxa yalesi inkampani okuqalwe ukwakhiwa lezinto eziningana, okuyinto kamuva yaphenduka izikhumbuzo modernist. Sikhuluma inombolo yendlu 10. Wenziwe ngokuhambisana izimiso yesimanjemanje IsiZulu sikubeke. Indlu wathenga Mariey Fedorovnoy Yakunchikovoy, owayenguyise unkosikazi umnikazi efemini yendwangu kanye brickworks. Carl Gutheyl baba abanikazi nezinye izakhiwo. Lokhu eyenani endlini 8. Ekuqaleni XX inxuluma ekhulwini kwaba master yomthengisi umndeni Karzinkin. Eminyakeni ethile edlule, isakhiwo lalungiswa. Okwamanje, kukhona embassy Morocco. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi Art Nouveau akayena ngempela kuyiqiniso, elinesimo olungaphambili lwesonto izinhlangothi zazo ziyalingana. Wazilandela ngokunembile Imuphi umehluko omkhulu ophakathi indlu ngedwa Yakunchikova.