Izinambuzane nezifo yemifino marrows

Ngisho nesiko linesizotha kakhulu zidinga ukunakekelwa, futhi balimi and balimi kufanele ngisebenze kanzima ukuze sikhule isivuno esihle. enkingeni cottagers kakhulu ukuletha isifo zucchini, ngisho izinambuzane ezihlupha. Ukuze sibhekane nabo, isitha kumele ubabone, okungukuthi. E. Kufanele ukukufunda ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi zingayisongela izitshalo futhi kanjani ukulwa naso.

Izimbangela isifo

Umthombo ukutheleleka ngokuvamile, isikhunta namagciwane. Yize bengebona emhlabathini, isivuno uzohlupheka unyaka nonyaka. Ukutheleleka sithinta bonke cucurbits, kanye lobuhlungu kakhulu kubo - zucchini. Izifo amaqabunga, izithelo nezinye izingxenye lezi zitshalo zenzeka, ngokuvamile kubanda futhi ezimanzi.

Kunengxenye ekukhuleni zezifo ngenxa yezizathu eziningana: .. okukhulu eshintsha imini nobusuku okushisa, ukungabi izakhi mkhondo, ngokweqile noma, kunalokho, ogelezayo nokumanzisa enganele zenhlabathi, ukuchelela ngamanzi abandayo kakhulu, njll A isilinganiso esihle zokuvimbela sidzingeka efaka umquba ukuhambisana ngomthamo, nokugcina nomswakama edingekayo, ukhula. Ngo greenhouse avaliwe ukuvimbela batusa besebenzisa bleach ukwenza magciwane. Udinga ngokushesha basabela izimpawu abasafufusa kwanoma iyiphi zucchini weni nasekwelapheni tifo ukuqala ngaphandle kokulibala.

anthracnose

Kulo ahlupheke zonke izingxenye phansi zalesi sihlahla. Lesi sifo iqala lapho kumiswa ngokuvamile babanjwa amaqabunga izindawo aphuzi ansundu, okuyinto lihamba phezu izithelo neziqu lapho ukuthola oblong. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, endaweni ezindaweni ezithintekile liyakhula, zivela qwembe mucoid. Amaqabunga ibuna ngenxa yalokho, nesithelo liyoshwabana, abe ukunambitheka ababayo kanye bola. Izimpawu anthracnose ku engxenyeni basal simila - uphawu olucacile ukuthi isitshalo uyafa. Lokho kwenza ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo, bese umswakama ngokweqile kanye ukuthambisa phakathi nesikhathi ezishisa kakhulu zosuku.

Anthracosis ivame izitshalo esekhulile zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo, nakuba Amagciwane cishe noma iyiphi inkundla isifo squash evulekile (nge isithombe isitshalo yilesi sifo ingatholakala ngezansi) iphatheka kabi kakhulu. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka kulo lonke yokukhula.

Amagciwane kungaba iqhubeka izitshalo abagulayo isikhathi eside, ubusika on ezilinganisweni yayo. ukulawula ukutheleleka kuyehla kube ezikhethwe ngokucophelela izithombo kanye nokwelashwa imbewu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bonke asebehaqwe izitshalo kanye kwalokho zokukhipha igciwane abamba ukushisa kumele zisuswe ngokushesha. Kuyasiza babhekane nalesi sifo Bordeaux ingxube noma sulphur Colloid.

bola white

Ihlanganisa neziqu, ishiya izitshalo obukhulu eziqhakaza emhlophe. Lokhu imizimba fruiting we sclerotia ukhunta, okuyinto agent causative of zucchini isifo (ekhanyayo avaliwe azizwa ukhunta kahle ngokulinganayo). Ezilimele izicubu isitshalo ithambisa, amahlamvu ibuna kanye nezithelo jikisa mass pasty. Lesi sifo asakazwa kubanda futhi ezimanzi, ikakhulukazi uma ukufika ngokuqinile uqweqwe. Okuningi ukungenwa ke squashes ngesikhathi fruiting. Ukutheleleka ngokuphelele walondoloza emhlabathini futhi izinsalela izitshalo ezilimele. Ukonakala okungenziwa singenzeka ngendlela ehlukile kakhulu - ngokusebenzisa komoya, umonakalo mechanical ngesikhathi yesondlo.

Lahla bola ezimhlophe zingase asibhubhise ngokuphelele kuphela ezingxenyeni elinegciwane zalesi sihlahla, prisypaya Imi namalahle ukuzihlikihla noma isigamu-iphuzu isixazululo zethusi sulfate. It kusiza ukuvimbela isifo esifike ngesikhathi yokuhlanza ukhula, ukusetshenziswa amanzi afudumele ukunisela, ukuvundiswa foliar ehlanganisa sulfate yethusi, zinc sulfate kanye urea ngesilinganiso 2 g, 1 g-10 g, ngokulandelana, ngalinye 10 amalitha amanzi. Izingxenye isiqu, okuyinto kuphela kubonakala izimpawu ukuvela elimhlophe-bola, ungakwazi Sula ucezu uhala ufafaze wokulinganisa oluyimpuphu noma namalahle.

grey isikhunta

Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezikhiqiza amaqanda abasha, bese ngidlula phezu amahlamvu. Izingxenye abathintekayo zalesi sihlahla babe lwamanzi, wathamba futhi imbozwe touch of gray. Ngaphansi ifilimu lungaphezu kungenzeka yilesi zucchini ebolile. Izifo endaweni evulekile ensimini okudlangile phakathi yezimvula ezinamandla ngokuvamile kuphela noma kubanda.

Lwegciwane botrytis liwumthombo oyinhloko ukutheleleka. Uyakwazi uphikelele enhlabathini okweminyaka emibili. Kunomthelela ekusakazekeni kwezifo futhi izinambuzane abahlebayo ukhunta ezinhlamvu komunye isitshalo kwenye.

Uxwayise grey ukubola, njengazo zonke izifo zucchini, kungenziwa kuphela ogcina imithetho kwezitshalo, abhubhise ukhula ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, nokwenza yokudla ezidingekayo. Kutholwe ku isitshalo abathintekayo esibelethweni futhi lilokhu amaqabunga kudingeka asuswe ngokushesha.

impande bola

Ngokuvamile lesi sifo kwenzeka emhlabathini evikelwe. Ebonakaliswa yokuthi izimpande ziqala mnyama, ebesengenile kancane kancane uphendulela ensundu stem. amahlamvu Lower phuzi futhi azikhuli. Umsuka bola Lesi sifo siphatha kakhulu ukuba izitshalo buthaka. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle, zingabantu ethintekile ngaphezulu ukhunta yisinanakazana. Ukuba negalelo isifo zokutshala ekuseni kakhulu, eshisa kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi abandayo ukunisela, bese umswakama ngokweqile emhlabathini. Lokhu kanye nezinye izinhlobo bola - ngokuvamile ezithinta zucchini isifo. Impi yokulwa kubo Kwenziwa mayelana efanayo futhi kuhambisana ubuchwepheshe yezolimo, magciwane inhlabathi, ukugcina okuqukethwe umswakama kwenhlabathi.

powdery isikhutha

Lesi sifo wokuqala kuthinta amaqabunga simila. Bakha a izindawo grey okuxekethile plaque, okuyinto ngokushesha ahlanganisiwe, elithatha ngeziqu. Lona sporulation we ukhunta, okuyinto agent causative lesi sifo. Uyaphula inqubo ye-photosynthesis, zikwazi ukuthola izakhi, okuholela wehlise ezithela. Kwakheka kleystokarpii ukuthelela izitshalo ngesizini ezayo. Lesi sikhunta iyagcinwa ngokuphelele phakathi nobusika, ukuchitha ku ukhula izinsalela. Kusukela ngesikhathi ukutheleleka kanye phambi izimpawu zokuqala zokugula, kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingu-3-4.

Iningi uhlushwa squash powdery isikhutha, lapho kukhona ekushintshashintsheni elibukhali nomswakama, ngokweqile kukamanyolo nitrogen, ukuthambisa enganele.

Gwema lesi sifo kungaba, uma Ukuhlakula ukhula esifike ngesikhathi, ngemva yokuvuna ukuba ususe konke doti isitshalo nomhlabathi ukuze umba ujule. Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala kokunqotshwa ngumuntu ukhunta kumele ziphathwe simila ngu yimiphi imithi ezilandelayo:

• sulphur colloidal - kusuka 40 kuya ku-100 g sulfarida 10 amalitha amanzi ukuze kusebenziswe in zokugcina.
• phansi elimpunga.
• "Izofenom" (I-zokugcina - 60 g ngalinye 10 amalitha amanzi).
• Ukumnika of mullein. It ibhalwe kanje: 1 kg umquba uthele amanzi (3 L) futhi ushiye sokunika izinsuku 3. Isixazululo ke elicwengekileyo futhi buhlanjululwe ngaphambi kokwelashwa ngamanzi (1: 3).
• Abalimi ngokuvamile asebenzisa ezivamile potassium permanganate spray - 1.5 g potassium permanganate e 10 amalitha amanzi.

peronosporosis

Squash lesi sifo singangena ngasiphi yobudala. Ekuqaleni, izingcezu izindawo isiyingi avele umbala ophuzi, okuyinto kancane kancane nsundu. Ngokushesha baqala zome futhi sidilike. Sporulation izingxenye elise ohlangothini engezansi ishidi futhi enamathela onsomi. Lesi sifo eba esikhathini lakhula esindayo, inkungu, lapho nomswakama kuphezulu kakhulu. Lwegciwane kungaba emhlabathini iminyaka eminingi.

Ukuze sibhekane isifo kungenzeka igciwane kuphela noma Imininingwane inhlabathi esikhundleni. Omunye izinyathelo zokuvimbela iyona angabiki njalo we abamba ukushisa noma abamba ukushisa.

Askohitoz

I-ejenti causative sithinta amaqabunga neziqu zezitshalo. Ekuqaleni, bakha izindawo lemicu empunga elinamathela othini, okuyinto ngokushesha embozwe amachashazi amnyama. Ukutheleleka iqala njengoba umthetho, ne amahlamvu engezansi, okuyinto uthole kancane emhlabeni wonke, futhi kancane kancane ihamba phezulu. Kuyaphawuleka abathintekayo isivuno of zucchini kusukela kule isifo esibi. Izithelo ekupheleni kwesizini ukulondolozwa kancane - abangenwe ukhunta, bayoba masinyane zome futhi ujike abamnyama. Izimbangela lengculaza okushisa ngokuvamile kakhulu, umswakama high futhi ngokweqile ukuqina lihlala.

Lahla ukutheleleka fungal kungenzeka, ekuqedeni ukuthambisa ngokweqile, hhayi okungenani anawo esifike izitshalo onegciwane. foci elincane wokulinganisa oluyimpuphu eyanele powder exutshwe zethusi sulfate esikhungweni isilinganiso 1: 1. Lesi isilinganiso kuzovimbela ukusabalala ukutheleleka.

black isikhunta

On amaqabunga izindawo ezincane nokugqwala kungabonwa ekuqaleni, okuzokwenza ekugcineni iphenduke patina amnyama. Lona ezinhlamvu ukhunta. Kancane kancane lamina ngaphansi uDries ibala futhi Liyashabalala, okwakumenza abonakale imbobo. Kumisa ukuthuthukiswa sithelo. Lahla lokhu zucchini isifo kungenziwa kuphela evutha ngokugcwele izitshalo onegciwane.

Ukuswaba Isihenqo Sesithombe

I lwegciwane inhlabathi ukhunta okuyinto lingena ohlelweni impande, ezikhulayo izitshalo izigubhu. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka stem bola ngasesinqeni. Amahlamvu embozwe izindawo, sokubuna isitshalo ingafi lephula. Ukubhekana nale nkinga ngeke kuphela ephelele esikhundleni inhlabathi. Ngenhloso lokuvikela ngokuqinile kufanele bagcine imithetho ubuchwepheshe yezolimo kanye ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi ukubhubhisa ukhula endaweni.

bacteriosis

Ukuqala Kwenkathi sifo libhekene ukubukeka phezu cotyledons futhi kuyiqiniso eshiya izilonda ensundu. On izithelo nabo kwenzeke (kuphela ubukhulu ezincane nombala onsundu), okuholela ugobile yabo. Bacteriosis ungase uqhubeke isikhathi eside phezu izinsalela isitshalo kanye imbewu. Buqala bachubekela embili ngekushesha lokungafani okushisa okusheshayo futhi umswakama ngokweqile. I ukusabalala kwesifo neqhaza izinambuzane, amaconsi amanzi nezinhlayiyana izitshalo itheleleke. Kakhulu iphazamiseke isivuno of zucchini ngenxa yalesi sifo. Impendulo kuyadingeka zihlanganisa ukwelashwa imbewu nge -zinc sulphate. Ezibekwe isixazululo 0.02% ngosuku ke kancane omisiwe. Izitshalo ngesikhathi kuqubuka bacteriosis iphathwa Bordeaux ingxube (10 g ethusi sulfate nomcako) kanye prophylactic - zethusi oxychloride.

izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane

Ngokuvamile uhlushwa zucchini kanye ikhukhamba KaMose ithanga. Uma lokhu sihlasela kakhulu amahlamvu.

Ikhukhamba KaMose wabonakaliswa izindawo njengoba encane ophuzi. Ngemva kwesikhashana amahlamvu curled, futhi hillocks akhiwa phakathi ngemithambo. ekukhuleni kwesihlahla nasekuvezeni izithombo kubambezela, futhi cishe musa ukuthela. Yikuphi izifo igodla ukhula zisetshenziswa - izimpande igciwane yabo ukubekezelela kahle ebusika. Nge imbewu asikwazi ngocansi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, wonke mpi yangempela ukubhujiswa ukhula.

Lapho KaMose amahlamvu ithanga nazo imbozwe izindawo kuqala ukukhanya-oluhlaza. Kodwa-ke kube semikhawulweni emithanjeni abe ovelele ngo emaphethelweni, isb. A. ukukhula iqabunga blade is ngqo ehlile. Inyama yayo ngezinye izikhathi lehla kwathina siphele nyá. Igciwane okubangela lokhu isifo idluliselwa ngokusebenzisa imbewu. Uyakwazi iqhubeka iminyaka eminingi kuzo. Ngaphambi betshala kutuswa ukuba nomusa imbewu ezingeni lokushisa 50-60 ⁰S izinsuku ezintathu.

izinambuzane eziwuhlupho

Akukhona nje izifo zucchini (endle), ukulwa okuyinto kudinga umzamo omkhulu, ukuletha asemrarweni balimi. Namagundane abantu abathile zivame ukudla imbewu wireworms futhi izinyendle imvukuzane ahlupheke amahlumela. Nokho, umonakalo kakhulu lisetshenziswa izinambuzane.

aphis gossypii

izibungu sayo ebusika ku isitshalo doti futhi ifomu entwasahlobo lonke ikoloni. It esandisa ngokushesha okukhulu, akunika inzalo izikhathi 20 isizini ngayinye. Ukuze undiza kusukela aphid amaphiko, futhi yena, ukukwazi ukuhambisa ngokushesha, abancela nezakhi ayo zucchini, kulimaze amaqabunga neziqu. Izingxenye abathintekayo zalesi sihlahla kancane kancane ukuhlehlela futhi sikhubazekile. Uma sithatha ku-akhawunti futhi lokho isifo squash aphid uhamba ngesikhathi esisodwa ekamu kucacile ukuthi impi yokulwa kufanele kwenziwe sina. Vimbela ayehlasela isinambuzane kusiza ukubhujiswa zonke izinsalela isitshalo emva kokuvuna nomhlabathi ngokucophelela ukumba. Phezu ukuthola aphid ayibulale kuzosiza ukumnika ezibabayo eCayenne pepper. It ibhalwe kanje: Hlanganisa pepper, triturated (30 g), liquid insipho (1 tbsp ..) Futhi izinkuni umlotha (3 tbsp ..). Ingxube wafakwa buhlanjululwe ngo 10 amalitha amanzi wafaka emini, bese ngemva zokuhlunga uqhubekele sishaye izitshalo ezigcwele. Usizo Good kanye Iziphungo kanye infusions amahlamvu amazambane, u-anyanisi ikhasi, ugwayi.

spider ngomnikelo omncane

Lezi zinambuzane ngezindawo anabantu abambalwa kakhulu (hhayi kunangendlela 0.4 mm) kungabangela umonakalo ohlala njalo ukuze isivuno. Bona ikoloni isitshalo ngokushesha nje kuyeza izinsuku efudumele, ezibekwe phezu underside amahlamvu abasha zidla cell ubisi. Kukhona futhi abekele amaqanda kuyiphi izibungu ziyaphuma ngesonto. leaf esonakele embozwe amachashazi ukukhanya ke ozuza zemabula zokubona kanye uDries.

Ukulwisana lokhu inkathazo kuyalivuthela zonke izinsalela izimila ngemva kokuvuna futhi yokumba ezijulile emhlabathini. Isebenza kuhle nxa olwenziwa ezinkantini sishaye kungajayezwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. ukumnika kuphumelela kakhulu zika-anyanisi ikhasi. Isigamu ligcwaliswe ebhakedeni wakhe ugcwele phezulu ngamanzi abilayo futhi bagcizelele amahora 24. Khona-ke elicwengekileyo futhi buhlanjululwe ngamanzi e isilinganiso 1: 2. Isetshenziselwa sishaye kanye sicashunwa amahlamvu amazambane, Datura abavamile. Ukuze isixazululo ukuthi banamathela kobuso ishidi, kutuswa ukwengeza insipho kancane.

Silakho

Kubonakala sibaningi eduze ekupheleni kwehlobo, ukuyohlala ohlangothini phansi amahlamvu futhi bashiyele inzalo yabo imikhiqizo udoti ngendlela Ukunyanyisa okunamathelayo okunoshukela. Kuba indawo enkulu sokuthuthukiswa isikhunta tern, okuholela esiqedayo zalesi sihlahla. Izifo eziningi Squash endle (ngezithombe esibonisa izitshalo onegciwane, uyoba nethuba ukubona lesi sihloko) asakazwa lezi zinambuzane.

Whiteflies kungenziwa wageza off ngamanzi, khulula ngokucophelela inhlabathi ngemva kwalokhu. Ngezinye izikhathi kufanele iphendukele sishaye zinambuzane "Umkhuzi". Ukwelashwa Kwenziwa kuphela ngemva kokuvuna.

Kuyo yonke inkathi thina kufanele ukubukela eduze lokho izinambuzane nezifo zisongele izitshalo squash. izinyathelo Esifike Ngesikhathi kuthathwe kuzosiza ukuze ngizigcine ngiwumqemane futhi isivuno esihle.