Izimpawu zokuqala ze-gland yegciwane: okudingayo ukunaka

Ngokusho kwedatha yezokwelashwa, inani labantu abanezifo ze-gland gland landa njalo ngonyaka . Isithombe sesitholampilo kanye nezibonakaliso zegciwane le-thyroid lixhomeke kuhlobo kanye nenkambo yenqubo ye-pathological ye-endocrine system. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, inqwaba yeziguli ezinalezi zifo ziphakathi kwabesifazane.

Ulwazi jikelele

I-gland yegciwane ibonakala njengevemvane. Lesi sitho esibalulekile sitholakala phambi kwe-trachea ebusweni entanyeni. Uthatha ingxenye esebenzayo ekuqaliseni ama-hormone amabili - thyroxine ne-triiodothyronine. Izinga le-hormone secretion lingaphansi komphumela oshukumisayo we -hormone ye-thyroid-eshukumisayo ye- pituitary gland.

Uma kukhona ushintsho ezingeni lokufihla la mahomoni, izinqubo ze-pathological emzimbeni wonke ziqala. Kuze kube manje, isayensi iyazi izifo ezingaphezu kwezingu-10, okuyinhloko yizi: izicubu ezimbi, i-myxedema, i-adenoma ye-thyroid, i-thyroiditis, njll. Ukubikezela, ukwelashwa, ukugeleza, izimpawu ze-thyroid kanye nokuxilonga kubhekisiwe.

Emashumini eminyaka amaningi ososayensi emhlabeni wonke bebelokhu befunda izici ze-etiologic zalesi sifo kahle, futhi kuze kube yilolu suku akukaze kube khona impendulo engavamile. Kodwa izazi zathola umbono wokuthi lesi sifo kwezinye izimo sizuze njengefa. Ngaphansi kwethonya lamathonya amabi angaphandle, izici zingenziwa kusebenze.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ekuthuthukiseni izifo ezithile zegciwane le-thyroid, ama-agent aphethwe yizifo ezithathelwanayo, ukuntuleka kwe-iodine, ukuthunyiswa kwelanga, izimo ezicindezelayo zibaluleke kakhulu. Lolu hlu aluphelelanga futhi lukhulu kakhulu.

Cabangela izibonakaliso eziyinhloko zesifo segciwane

Uma izinqubo ze-metabolic ziphazamiseka futhi ama-hormone e-thyroid ekhuphuka, iziguli zithola ubuthakathaka, ukuhlela, ukuthuthumela, ukubhubhisa, ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngokungazelelwe nokucasula. Ukunciphisa ama-hormone (hypothyroidism), ukunciphisa umzimba kunciphisa, lokhu kubonakala ngokunyuka kwesisindo somzimba, isikhumba esomile, ukukhathala okusheshayo, ukunganakwa, ukunyuka kwegazi, ukushaywa izinwele kanye ne-bradycardia (ukunciphisa izinhliziyo). Ngokuvamile, i-hypothyroidism ibonisa izimpawu ze-gland yegciwane.

Ngokuvamile, amacala lapho i-hypothyroidism iholela ekungabhubhiselani kwabesifazane noma ezimbi emntwaneni (ukuguqulwa kwisistimu yenzwa yomphakathi). Ngakho-ke, omama abazayo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kudingeka bahlole ngokugcwele ne-endocrinologist. Ngaphambi kwalesi sifo ezigulini kunciphisa noma kwanda ngobukhulu besitho, ukuguquka kokuhlanganiswa (ukulinganisa), ukubukeka kwama-nodules amancane (izicubu, ukuhluma).

Izibonakaliso zokuqala zegciwane le-thyroid ngokunyuka kwalo: ukuphefumula okuncane, ukuzwa kobuhlungu entanyeni, ukukhathazeka, ubuhlungu lapho uphosa ikhanda, kunzima ukugwinya. Uma ubukhulu bayo bukhulu, izitho kanye nezicubu eziseduze zenziwa ngaphansi kokucindezelwa. Ukubukeka kobuhlungu emgodini wegciwane kungabonisa ukuba khona kwenqubo yokuvuvukala kwezicubu noma isisu sokungena emzimbeni wesigungu. Ngokuvamile, ukwanda kwama-lymph nodes kubonisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezicubu ezimbi.

Ezimweni ezingama-80%, izimpawu zegciwane le-thyroid azikho ekuthuthukiseni izicubu. Ngako-ke, bantfu labanyenti labatsatfule tinkinga tekugula bangativakali kudokotela, bacabanga kutsi baphilile. Njengoba kunikezwe lezi zimo, odokotela beluleka bonke, ngaphandle kokunye, abantu kanye ngonyaka ukuze bafunde i-ultrasound. Ulwazi oluthe xaxa luzobonisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngezinga lamahomoni.