Izici Ubudala Yekhanda. Skull ingane. I sutures Yekhanda: Anatomy

Icacisa indima ekwakhiweni kanye okwalandela ukuthuthukiswa Yekhanda kungokwalabo ingqondo, amazinyo, izicubu ukuhlafuna futhi izitho sezinzwa. Phakathi ukukhula ikhanda sibhekana nezinguquko eziphawulekayo. . Phakathi ukuthuthukiswa ubudala manifest, ubulili kanye nezici ngamanye Yekhanda. Ake ucabangele ezinye zazo.

Izinsana

имеет специфическую структуру. Skull ingane has a isakhiwo esithile. Isikhala phakathi izakhi bony we zezinzwa izicubu igcwalisa. Ngo izinsana, ulahlekile ngokuphelele sutures Yekhanda. этой части тела представляет особый интерес. Anatomy of the umzimba abe nesithakazelo esikhethekile. Ezigabeni yokuxhuma ithambo eziningana 6 fontanels samanje. Yabo zezinzwa ikhava ipuleti. Zimbili ayibhangqiwe (bakhulise futhi ngaphambili), amabhangqa amabili (mastoid, tapered) fontanel. Kuthathwa esiphongweni ngobukhulu. It has simise idayimane. It sikhona endaweni tekuhlangani engaphelele kwesokunxele nakwesokudla futhi kokubili amathambo parietal. очень эластичен. Ngenxa fontanelle skull umntwana nokunwebeka kakhulu. Lapho ikhanda umbungu sidlula emgudwini wokuzala, emaphethelweni ophahla kuyendlulela imbricate. Ngenxa yalokho, it incipha. Ngu iminyaka emibili, njengoba umthetho, akhiwa we sutures Yekhanda. раньше изучалась довольно оригинально. Anatomy ngalifunda ngempela yasekuqaleni. Odokotela Ephakathi isetshenziswa emkhakheni ESHISAYO fontanels yezifo iso, kanye nobuchopho. Ngemva kumiswa odokotela isibanda imbangela suppuration ezahlukene abakucasulayo ejenti. Bakholwa ukuthi unjani kuvula indlela yokuba ukuqongelela izinto eziyingozi. Ngo ukucushwa kwe ezivuzayo Odokotela bazama ukuwenza out izinhlamvu, izincwadi. Odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi ulwazi mayelana isiphetho lesiguli elele kubo.

isakhiwo Izici skull

Le ngxenye yomzimba olusana incane ngobukhulu amathambo ebusweni. Esinye isici eziqondene fontanels eshiwo ngenhla. Ngo skull osanda kuzalwa imakwe amathrekhi zonke 3 akuphelele Ukuqina sekuyenzeka izigaba. Fontanelles - izinsalela kwesikhathi membranous. Ukuba khona kwabo kubaluleke esisebenzayo. Bavumela wena ukuhambisa amathambo ophahla. Anterior fontanelle elise agudle lesemkhatsini ku enkompolo 4-emalungeni: 2 hlangana neengcezu coronal, sagittal futhi engaphelele. He khula ngonyaka wokuphila wesibili. Ezingemuva fontanelle esingunxantathu. Itholakala phakathi amathambo amabili parietal yayingaphambi nangemuva kwabo esikalini entanyeni ithambo. He khula ngenyanga yesibili. I fontanelle lateral ukuhlukanisa nhlonhlo futhi mastoid. Umsuka isezingeni ingxenye uzwane we parietal, frontal, isikali yesikhashana nephiko enkulu wethambo sphenoid. Sikhula on the ngenyanga wesibili noma wesithathu. fontanel Mastoid itholakala phakathi parietal ithambo base mbhoshongo ku temporal futhi occipital.

isigaba cartilaginous

Kulesi isinyathelo kukhona iminyaka elandelayo ikakhulukazi ugebhezi. Emkhatsini wetincenye teluhlaka ngabanye hhayi tho Kutholwe cartilaginous ithambo base ungqimba. sinuses womoya azikakabi athuthukile. Ngenxa yobuthakathaka imisipha ezahlukene kwemisipha emikhulu, namabhampa emigqeni ababuthakathaka. Ngesizathu esifanayo, ezihlobene futhi ukuntuleka umsebenzi ukuhlafuna, emhlathini ampofu. izinqubo Alveolar cishe ayikho. Umhlathi ongezansi Ngakho sakhiwa 2 hlangana neengcezu ununited. Ngenxa yalokhu umuntu omncane eza phambili maqondana ugebhezi. Kuyingxenye 1/8 kuphela. Kulokhu isilinganiso ubuso omdala ugebhezi - 1/4.

I displacement we amathambo

izici Age of ugebhezi emva kokuzalwa esiboniswe asebenzayo ukunwetshwa izimbotshana - acinene, ubuchopho, temlomo na acinene. Lokhu kuholela displacement we amathambo eziwazungezile e isiqondiso zithwala sokukhula. Ukuhanjiswa ephelezelwa ukwanda ubude kanye ukushuba. Ngesikhathi kwesifunda futhi ugobile ukukhula kobuso amathambo iqala ukushintsha.

nangemuva kokuzalwa komntwana

проявляются в неравномерном росте лицевого и мозгового отделов. Kulesi sigaba, izici yobudala skull ebonakaliswa ukukhula engalingani izigaba ebusweni kanye palsy. Ubukhulu Linear wale mithandazo anda 0.5, futhi owokuqala - ezikhathini 3. Umthamo uMnyango cerebral ezinyangeni zokuqala eziyisithupha kabili, futhi ngonyaka 2nd - kathathu. With kweminyaka 7 lokwanda okwehlisa e ukuthomba ngesivinini futhi. Ngu 16-18 iminyaka ukuthuthukiswa iqoqo izitobhi. Kumila luyanda ubude, kuze iminyaka 18-20 iphela uma lokuvala nhlonhlo-occipital synchondrosis. Ukwanda esifundeni ebusweni mude futhi iyunifomu. Iningi ngenkuthalo ezikhula ithambo naseduzane komlomo. в процессе роста проявляются в срастании частей костей, разделенных у новорожденных, дифференцировке в структуре, пневматизации. Ubudala izici skull ngesikhathi ukukhula ebonakaliswa ithambo intergrowth izingxenye ahlukaniswe kwamangqamuzana ezisanda kubelethwa e isakhiwo, okuqukethwe emoyeni. Umfanekiso oqoshiwe evele kwangaphakathi futhi yangaphandle iba okuchaza ngaphezulu. Lapho esemncane ezinkulu ezakhiwe onqenqemeni iqonde, iminyaka engu-20 akhiwa uxhumano toothed.

wokwenziwa kweengaba zokugcina

Ngezinye amane iqala nokwaphakade ka sutures. Ihlanganisa zonke noma eziningi zezakhi. Lapho esegugile kwamathambo senile ephawulwe amathambo cranial. Iqala amapuleti thinning lomcebo ezihlangene. Kwezinye izimo, kukhona ukuqina amathambo. Yoma e alveolar iba evelele esifundeni ebusweni ngenxa kwamazinyo. Lokhu kubangela ukwenyuka engela mandible. Ngenxa yalokho, kwesilevu iya phambili.

ubulili

Kukhona isimo sokunquma eziningana lapho owesilisa ihlukile skull zesifazane. Lezi zimo zokuma zihlanganisa degree of maholoholo futhi tuberosities ezizindeni lokunamathelisa imisipha, ukuthuthukiswa mastoid nangaphandle occipital protuberance, ukusebenza kwe-ongenhla nokunye. Skull Male kuyinto esithuthuke kabanzana kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane. Ubalula emincane ngaphezulu ngenxa kobukhulu maholoholo nezindawo inamagquma ukunamathisela ukuhlafuna, yesikhashana, occipital futhi Imisipha yentamo. Frontal futhi parietal hillocks ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu besifazane, amadoda - glabella kanye brow lamagquma. lona okugcinwe ngawo usinde kunangendlela umhlathi ongezansi. Esifundeni emaphethelweni engezansi futhi amakhona engxenyeni engaphakathi kwesilevu ngokucacile tuberosity. Lokhu kungenxa okunamathiselwe we digastric, masseter nemisipha pterygoid. Kuye ukwaziswa bobulili ihlukile futhi ukuma ugebhezi womuntu. Amadoda kugujwa ebunzini olwehlelayo, okuyinto iphenduka ibe umqhele oyindilinga. Ngokuvamile kukhona kulentsaba isiqondiso suture sagittal. Ebunzini abesifazane mpo ngaphezulu. Enaka ibe umqhele flat. In amadoda, ephansi iso isokhethi. Njengomthetho, zingabantu singunxande. onqenqemeni yabo engenhla uqweqwe. Ngo abesifazane, nezinyawo iso zitholakala ngenhla. Ziyakwazi eduze i kobujamo obusaqanda noma round nge eziseceleni engenhla libukhali ohlabayo. On skull labesifazane ithambo alveolar e le ongenhla ngokuvamile eza phambili. Nosolobny engeli amadoda lubonakaliswa iningi amacala ngokucacile. Esikhathini insikazi skull frontal amathambo ukuba ukuqhutshwa umnsalo ngaphezulu kahle.

ngaphezu kwalokho

womuntu skull ukuma akuphazamisi engqondweni. Ngokusho imiphumela nophenyo eziningi of izazi zemvelaphi nenhlalo yabantu singaphetha ngokuthi kukhona isizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi yimuphi umjaho ubuswa Usayizi umnyango palsy. I kwabaThwa, le AbaThwa nezinye izizwe usayizi ikhanda kancane ezincane kuno ukuthi abanye abantu. Lokhu kungenxa ngesiqu encane. Okuvamise kuncipha ikhanda kungenzeka kube umphumela ukudla okungenamsoco amakhulu eminyaka futhi ithonya nezinye izinto ezingezinhle.