Isivumelwano Paris: lokushisa iplanethi akumelwe ahlule 2 degrees

Ngo-December ngonyaka odlule, bonke sabona scene ezingavamile lobunye bomhlaba wonke. Okuqotho ezintsha Paris Isivumelwano on Climate Change, esasayinwa yilabo abamele amazwe 195, uye umgomo ukuze kukhawulwe ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke. Ngokusho kwale dokhumenti, ukuba 2100, izinga lokushisa embulungeni yonke kungenzeka anyuke hhayi ningi than 2 degrees Celsius (noma 3.6 ° C). Nakuba lona kanye iqiniso yalesi sivumelwano kuyimpumelelo ebalulekile abantu, abanye abagxeki baye babonisa ukuthi kuba kunalokho ngokungenasizathu umkhawulo lokushisa. Phela, kuyiqiniso kangakanani-ke ukuthi emhlabeni uyokwazi unamathele plan?

Yini isifundo esisha,

Ucwaningo olusha behlolisise kokuzibophezela okwenziwa amazwe eziye ngemvume Isivumelwano Paris, futhi imiphumela akuzona ngempela okuhle kakhulu. I simo kungenzeka ingenye lapho at izinga lokushisa embulungeni yonke empeleni antante 2.6-3.1 degrees ngu 2100. Okwenza isimo sibe sibi, inani carbon edingekayo ukusekela kushintsha izinga lokushisa degrees 2 kuphela ukufinyelela kumkhawulo walo ngo-2030.

Paris Isivumelwano kwaba isisekelo nezimo sokuguqulwa eside ukuze umphakathi ongaphakeme-carbon. Lokhu kwashiwo ngu Jerry Rogeli - Zakhamizi we-International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis umsunguli walokhu kucwaninga, phambili. Ukuhlaziya ososayensi selukhombisile ukuthi lezi zinyathelo kumele kuciniswe ukuqinisekisa nesikhathi esimnandi ukugcina ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke ngezansi 2 degrees.

zimo

Iqembu locwaningo wayesebenzela ezihlukahlukene carbon ekushayweni zimo okusekelwe onobuhle ikhompyutha ekhona. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke kuzo kusikisela ukuthi isiVumelwano Paris oyokwenziwa futhi izoqhubeka emva 2030, lapho inkathi isiqinisekiso ngeke siphele. Kusobala ukuthi isintu kumelwe nisike wokuvelela ngaphezulu kogesi wendlwana evikela izithombo kunalawo esibekiwe esivumelwaneni.

Ososayensi basikisela ukuthi emva-2030 edingekayo izinyathelo kakhulu esiqinile ngaphezulu. Omunye wabo - ukwehla kwe-global kogesi wendlwana evikela izithombo by emhlabeni 3-4% ngonyaka. Yiqiniso, kungenzeka. Ngokwesibonelo, China uqalile umsebenzi emikhulu ekusetshenzisweni umoya energy. Amanye amazwe zingasebenzisa amandla enuzi futhi ivuselelwe, ukuze kakhulu kunciphisa kukhishwa kwekhabhoni.

nezinye izinkinga

Kunoma ikuphi, le cwaningo liqokomisa elihlobene ne-Paris sivumelwano uhlelo enye inkinga. Izingxenye eziningi zezwe kakade umonakalo ongalungiseki sekwenziwe, futhi ngeke kushintshe, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngabe sizokwazi ukugcina ukufudumala ngaphakathi degrees ezimbili, noma cha.

Ucwaningo olusanda kwenziwa lwathola ukuthi ezingxenyeni eziningi emazweni aseMpumalanga Emaphakathi naseNyakatho Afrika iyoba kungahlaleki ekupheleni kwekhulu ngenxa lokushisa eliphezulu. Lesi simo ngeke kushintshe, kungakhathaliseki yokuthi isintu uzama ukuthatha. Esinye isibonelo - the okhulisa Arctic. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa esiyingqayizivele climatological enyakatho ekude, okuholela ukuncibilika yiqhwa, izinguzunga zeqhwa ulwandle ice ngesivinini engakaze ibonwe. Ezolimo ayinakugqashulwa ngokushesha avumelane nendawo ezikuyo, okuyinto ukufudumala ngokushesha okungako.

Zonke lezi zinto ezifanele manje, ngakho ke Isivumelwano Paris ngeke siyeke noma ijubane labo. Lokhu, ngeshwa, kusho ukuthi zonke lezi zinguquko izoqhubeka, ngisho noma isivumelwano ukufeza injongo yako.

Ngokuzayo emhlabeni

Uma amazwe bayaqhubeka bashise zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi, njengoba kwakunjalo kuze kube manje, ikusasa emhlabeni - a ezibhubhisayo kunalokho. I-Arctic esifudumeza kuze kube ngu-20 degrees Celsius, kanti lonke izwe - kwesigamu inani layo lamanje. Lokhu kuzoholela inhlekelele okusheshayo izinga lamanzi olwandle liyokhuphuka, okuholela emadolobheni amaningi ugu liyokhukhulwa. Umhlaba ungase ulahlekelwe 17% basuke bengabangane bengcebo yabo ingqikithi. Kumzwisa ubuhlungu abantu abaningi, kodwa Afrika kungenzeka ukuthi kube yimpumelelo endaweni embi kunazo ukuthunyelwa zimo. Ungagcina wonke, kodwa kwabanye lena ngokuvamile sekwephuze kakhulu.