Isiphetho Dubrovitsy, ibandla Umama oNgcwele kaNkulunkulu: incazelo, umlando kanye namaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Phakathi ezihlukahlukene izakhiwo Russian ethempelini, ngezinye izikhathi iyingqayizivele bokwakha, kukhona eyodwa ongenawo analogue. Itholakala edolobhaneni Dubrovitsy Church of Virgin oNgcwele. Ukuze ubone lokhu, thatha omunye sibheke ezakheke, uncharacteristic ngakho ngoba isiko Orthodox waseRussia. Ukuthinta nomlando wayo, akunakwenzeka ukuzizwa afihlekile imfihlo yakhe.

mentor indlalifa

Kuleyo minyaka yokuqala, lapho esizeni esontweni samanje Ngena kwaba zingezona ezibonakalayo isonto wokhuni igama Eliya, Dubrovitsy Manor, elise Awukude Podolsk, okuqondene bohlobo Golitsyn iziphathamandla. Inkosazana wabo - Boris A. - Wawungumfundisi futhi mentor esizayo eNgophezukonke uPetru I. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba isilwane sakhe, acwiliswe egazini labo bonke wavukela nasezinxushunxushwini, yabe isithatha isihlalo sobukhosi isiRashiya, isikhulu, njengoba eseduze kuye umuntu wangena butho elikhulu.

Kodwa kukhona edlulayo ngezinye izikhathi ukuthukuthela nesihe enamandla. Kwakukhona at egcekeni nomona, ukunyundela kuhletshwa uMbusi uthisha wakhe ubudala, futhi sisheshe ubudlova uPetru 1689 wathumela kuye ekudingisweni ifa lomndeni - zona kanye Dubrovitsy. Ayebaba ixhegu Golitsyn uthola ukubonga uhlamvu lwemali yawo wonke umsebenzi onzima, kodwa abafunanga ukukholwa kuye ku ensimini vospitatelskom. Kuyaduduza ukuthi ngisho ikhanda elahlekile - uPetru mina kwakuyisiko.

I lokulabhela 'indlovukazi yamazulu'

Nokho, i-emperor laliphumile impela ngakho kushwelezwe kalula. Ngemva konyaka lapho salandelwa intukuthelo ngesikhathi isihe futhi uye wavumela Boris A. avele ngaphambi emehlweni enkosi. Ukududuza umuntu omdala wakhononda kuye isithunzi lordly. Njengoba ayeyindoda Orthodox futhi enenhlonipho, Prince Golitsyn babecabanga ukuthi lungenzeka ushintsho olunjalo ujabule isigcino kwenzeka kuphela kule lokulabhela 'indlovukazi yamazulu'. Ezigcwele ukubonga, ayefisa aqonde impahla yabo, phakathi okwakukhona Manor Dubrovitsy, ibandla Virgin oNgcwele - isikhumbuzo ukukhululwa ujabule ihlazo.

A wobuciko i ubuhlakani engaziwa

Ukwakhiwa isikhulu kwaqala ngo 1690, ngemva kokuba isikhulumile ngaphambilini ukuqaqa esontweni ezindala zamapulangwe uMprofethi Eliya, elakhiwa ngo-1662, bese umuse olubheke edolobhaneni elingumakhelwane Lemesheva. Lokhu kulandela kusukela imibhalo esekhona, kodwa ke uqale puzzle okuqhubekayo. Iqiniso lokuthi ngokuphelele lutho mayelana wezakhiwo owadala Umklamo zimangaliso yezakhiwo ezaziwayo.

Ngezikhathi uPetru abezinye izizwe eziningi ezivelele wasebenza eRussia futhi immortalized amagama abo, ukwakha isitayela engafani eyaziswa ngokuthi kithi njengoba baraque kaPetru, kodwa akekho kubo akuhlangene ne wobuciko, elalizokwakhiwa e Manor Dubrovitsy. Church of Virgin oNgcwele, yonke imininingwane okuyinto idlulisela isandla ubuhlakani, zibancishe ubunikazi. Akunjalo neze umuntu amakhosi oluvelele angaphandle ngubani ngaleso sikhathi e-Russia, kwenziwe umsebenzi alolu, futhi hhayi gqizisa yomlando wakhe wokudala.

Akulona hypothesis tenable mayelana genius Russian. Ngaphandle kokuphikisana kokufaneleka abaculi bendawo, kufanele namanje ukuyeka.

Lokhu kuba sobala lapho bebona lokuqala yokuthi isakhiwo kuyinto Manor Dubrovitsy. Church of Virgin oNgcwele, njengoba ochwepheshe uqaphele, umkhiqizo we umcabango Italian lokusungula, okungenza lubonakaliswa kahle isitayela Baroque. ERussia sakha ngendlela ehluke kakhulu. Kubonakala sengathi i-master yasekhaya futhi wayebe nesandla indalo yayo, kodwa kuphela Ukusebenzisa kothile ubuhlakani umqondo.

Imikhosi ngesikhathi umqhele isonto

Kodwa, noma kunjalo, futhi ibandla elakhiwa phezu kwalo. Ukuze isakhiwo sayo kwakusetshenziswa itshe lendawo emhlophe, ngokuvamile okwenzeka Podolsk esifundeni. izinzuzo zako ziyizindlela kalula ukucutshungulwa kanye at amandla efanayo, okuvumela cwaningo imininingwane emihle ngentambo zokuhlobisa. Imisebenzi abekade 1699, kodwa ibandla ngayingcwelisa wabo eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva.

Isizathu salokhu kubambezeleka ukuthi Prince Golytsin ufisa ukuba abize uPetru mina Dubrovicy imikhosi. Church of Virgin oNgcwele lakhiwa inkumbulo wekubuyisana zabo, futhi isifiso sakhe kuyaqondakala. Kodwa kusukela ngalezo zinsuku uMbusi kwaba thukela e Moscow, uBoris A. kwadingeka balinde ithuba iminyaka emihlanu.

Wethula kuwo 1704, futhi 11 Februwari ebukhoneni uPetru mina, nendodana yakhe Prince Alexei ibandla elisha lanikezelwa. Njengoba uMbusi Uthandé wonke ukugubha kabanzi futhi ngezinga elikhulu, imikhosi eyathatha ngesonto, futhi kuzo uyokwenza (noma kunalokho, oda) ubuhanjelwe zonke bendawo, abasha nabadala.

Temple, uvele phambi kwamehlo izivakashi esasibuthene, wayemuhle ngempela. Ngezinye kwesisekelo salo lalimelela isiphambano imikhawulo alinganayo. Yonke obungazungeza imvilophi yayo kompheme, ephakanyiswe isisekelo esiphakeme futhi ezitsheni ezihlotshisiwe. Lishaya umcabango, kanye nokuchichima kokuthula umhlobiso sculptural eyenziwe izigcawu waseBhayibhelini. Kodwa gqamisa main senziwa bensimbi ngegolide leaf umqhele, Okuthwesa umqhele esontweni, esikhundleni Dome bendabuko.

Isonto, angathintwanga isitha

Phakathi ayehlasela sikaNapoleon yi French kwaba Podolsk umatasa. Church of Virgin Engcwele ephelele Dubrovitsy futhi kwaba ngo sesikhululwe ezandleni zezitha, ngenkathi kugwenywa ezikweletini. Kunzima ukukholelwa, kodwa abanqobi wathuthukisa umlilo alien kubo amathempelana Orthodox, hhayi nje kuphela akazange alinge ukuba alibhubhise, kodwa benza ngisho touch izinto ngaphakathi musa ilimaze amaholo ocebile kwemifanekiso.

Ukushushiswa esontweni

Kuqhathaniswa ethule futhi bechuma ngenxa yesonto Ekhulwini leminyaka elizayo, kuze kube yileso sikhathi, kuze lawushaya XX leminyaka, futhi namanje amandla ezweni akazange alethe kanye laba bantu abangenandaba uLeo Tolstoy ngakho ngamawala iAntyika. Kwase kuzoqala igagasi umkhankaso anti-zenkolo, kuqalile ngokushesha ngemva kokumiswa uhulumeni omusha futhi kusekelwa ze olusemthethweni ifinyelele emzaneni Dubrovitsy. Church of Virgin oNgcwele, umlando lapho ngaleso sikhathi kwakukhona kakade ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabili eminyaka, kwaba esikhungweni zalesi sibhicongo.

Maduze, bonke abefundisi, uwabheka isici angaphandle, kanye nemindeni nezingane ezincane baxoshwa emizini yabo, + owadlula ku ubunikazi isimo ipulazi zendawo, kodwa ibandla uqobo yavalwa. Umphathi wakhe wokugcina - uyise archpriest Michael (Poretsky) - wathunyelwa ekudingisweni, okuyindawo akaphindanga wabuya.

Ngaphansi igunya izigangi

Amakhosi entsha yokuphila, njengoba kuqhathaniswa unqoba isiFulentshi, akazange ancibilike alien kubo ka Baroque wobunxiwankulu. Ukubhubhisa izwe lamandulo, kungukuthi basindiswa, futhi umbhoshongo insimbi yesonto, futhi inikeza ezehlukile ukubaluleka kwezobuciko. It nje iqhume njengoba ezingadingekile. Singagcina ngokubu- Ngiyambonga uNkulunkulu, akazange akuvimbele ukukhandwa ukubhujiswa lonke ithempeli futhi amvikele ezandleni izigangi wendawo.

I amanxiwa ethempeli kuphela kwaze kwaba sekupheleni zamashumi amahlanu kuze Dubrovitsy Manor endaweni awuzange esandleni Zonke-Union Isikhungo nemfuyo. Kumele sikhokhe intela amadoda ososayensi, radevshim ukwandisa izinkomo isisindo somzimba kanye ukwanda ukukhiqizwa ubisi - abazange bazame ukuguqula ukuba ibandla ngofuzo esibayeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baze bangena esitelekeni ifake isandla ekubuyiselweni kwalo, eyathatha iminyaka engamashumi amane, futhi uma ingakuthuthukisi umbono ke, okungenani, ngeke sivumele isakhiwo ukuze ugoqe.

ISonto, babuya abantu

Kodwa emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise ngamashwa womuntu, luphela. Ngo-1989, lo ethembekile kwedolobha Podolsk, isibindi kule minyaka yokwakha kabusha, safuna ukubuya eSontweni Ngena ngemvume. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi amandla emizimbeni party kanye nohulumeni basekhaya elicibilikile emehlweni akhe, into egxilile in ukuphikelela kwakhe ezikhuthaza ukungakholelwa kuNkulunkulu, abakwazanga eside iqhubeka. Ngemva konyaka, ibandla waphindiselwa ethile ye eMoscow Sabefundisi, futhi saqala inkonzo.

Namuhla, elibuyiselwe athathe isimo esifanayo, okuyinto ayedumile wakhe, yena waphinda yakhoselisa nezinkulungwane zamakholwa. Iya ke nalabo abangazange usengakamtfoli "indlela eya ethempelini," ufuna ukubona kunjalo wadala eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu edlule Dubrovitsy Manor, ibandla Virgin oNgcwele.

Uyithola kanjani kuye?

Kalula nezindlela ezihamba izithuthi zomphakathi amaphuzu okuqondene website isonto. On kunconywa ukulandela isitimela usuka "eKursk" isiteshi esiteshini Podolsk, bese ngebhasi noma itekisi inombolo 65, beya emzaneni. Dubrovitsy. Church of Virgin oNgcwele kukhona isici. Ngaphezu kwalokho izobuye ibe ezithakazelisayo ukuze uhlole uqobo kanye Manor endlini.

Labo abanomthetho zokuthutha siqu, kutuswa ukuya Warsaw kanye onguthelawayeka ngokudlula Podolsk, landela bese kuya inkomba: ". Manor Dubrovitsy, iSonto Virgin Ongcwele" Imephu lokuhambisana sihloko, evumela ukuba kalula yokufinyelela lapho uya khona.