Ishaja Homemade kwebhethri imoto ibhethri: izikimu, imiyalelo

Kulesi sihloko uzofunda indlela yokwenza ngezandla bebodwa okuzenzela ishaja ngoba ibhethri imoto. AmaSu ungasebenzisa ngokuphelele yimuphi kodwa ukhetho elula iwukuba recast womshini amandla kukhompyutha Iyunithi enikeza. Uma une iyunithi efana, isicelo ngeke bakuthola kulula kakhulu. Ukuze banikeze umbadlana usebenzisa voltage 5, 3.3, 12 volts. Njengoba ungase ucabange, ozithandayo kuyinto voltage 12 volts. Ishaja uyoveza amabhethri ukushaja, amandla awo zokhahlamba kusuka 55 kuya 65 ampere-amahora. Ngamanye amazwi, kuyoba okwanele ukuze ashona le amabhethri izimoto kakhulu.

Jikelele umbono schema

Ukuze wenze libheke phezulu, udinga ukusizakala isikimu okusesihlokweni esithi. Ishaja ibhethri, ngezandla zakhe kusukela PSU kwe-computer siqu okwenziwa kube nokwenzeka ukulawula lo voltage okukhiphayo futhi ukushaja wamanje. Udinga ukuba banake yokuthi kukhona ukuvikelwa isekhethi - Fuse 10 Amp. Kodwa akusho ukuthi ukuyifaka, njengoba iningi computer PSU has a idivayisi Ukuvikelwa ukuthi amvalele off uma kwenzeka amaphutha. Ngakho-ke, umbonisi amashaja ngoba amabhethri elishajekayo kumakhompyutha BP kungaba ngokwabo uzovikelwa short circuit.

Shih-isilawuli (DA1 wabonisa), ngokuvamile BS isebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili - KA7500 noma TL494. Manje umbono omncane. Ingabe ashona ibhethri amandla evamile iyunithi khompyutha? Impendulo - mhlawumbe njengoba amabhethri lead izimoto kakhulu nomthamo 55-65 Ah. A ukushaja evamile ngoba kudinga samanje 10% umthamo webhethri - hhayi angaphezulu kwangu-6.5 amperes. Uma okuphakela amandla has a amandla angaphezu kuka-150 W, uchungechunge yayo "+12" uyakwazi ukunikeza zamanje enjalo.

Esigabeni sokuqala sokuguqulwa

Ukuphinda elula ishaja nebhethri ezenziwe ekhaya, kudingeka ukuba ingasebenza ngcono amandla supply:

1. Lahla kuzo zonke izintambo ezingadingekile. Ngosizo insimbi nokunamathisela ngomthofu ukuze uwasuse ukuze singathwesi ukugxambukela.
2. Ngokusho kohlelo okusesihlokweni esithi kukhona Resistor fixed-R1, okuyilona elidingekayo ukuze unsolder futhi endaweni yayo ukusungula kusilungisi ukumelana 27 ohms. On the contact engenhla Resistor ke udinga ukusebenzisa zinamandla njalo "+12". Ngaphandle-ke ngeke ukwazi ukusebenzisa kudivayisi.
3. 16 th okukhipha wesifunda linqamuka lokususa.
4. Okulandelayo, udinga disunite 15 th-14 iziphetho th.

Ulula etholwe ngokurhaba ishaja semoto ibhethri. Ungasebenzisa yiluphi uhlelo, kodwa kulula ukwenza kusuka PSU ikhompyutha - kuba lula, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, ethengekayo. Uma siqhathanisa ngedivayisi transformer, isisindo kudivayisi yehluke (kanye nosayizi).

Ukulungisa ishaja

Kususwa udonga lwangemuva samandla ikhompyutha Iyunithi enikeza manje phambi, kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhiqiza ucezu impahla (PCB enhle). Lokhu udonga kufanele ufake Umlawuli ukushaja wamanje, okhethwe iSu-R10. Yamanje umqondo Resistor is arcade esetshenziswa njengoba enamandla ngangokunokwenzeka - thatha amabili kuya ngamandla 5 W kanye ukumelana 0.2 ohms. Kodwa konke kuncike kukhethwa icebo amashaja ngoba amabhethri elishajekayo. Kwezinye imiklamo, akudingekile ukusebenzisa Resistor amandla.

Uma ixhunywe ku ukwanda okufanayo amandla etholwe ezikhathini ezimbili, kanye ukumelana iba elilingana 0.1 ohms. Ngaphambili udonga futhi ayizikhombisi - voltmeter kanye ammeter, okukuvumela ukulawula nemingcele ezifanele ishaja. Ukuze ukulungiswa esihle zaryadchika esetshenziswa kusilungisi ngawo voltage lisetshenzisiwe 1 st okukhipha shi isilawuli.

Hardware Izidingo

Yiziphi izimfuneko enza ishaja okuzenzela for ibhethri imoto? inhlangano yokugcina isikimu kuzoxoxwa ngezansi. Ukuze kuqedwe engadingeki umzimba uxhumano futhi amandla supply wire ezivamile ukushaja wesifunda (ingxenye esiye eqoqwe nguwe), udinga ukuhlanza ukuphrinta endleleni. Amandla Iyunithi enikeza has a izindlu eyinsimbi futhi ngezizathu zokuphepha akunakwenzeka ukushaja circuit ibhethri wayenaye uxhumano kukagesi. Futhi okubaluleke - lena okuhlukile ukushaja yisinanakazana wesifunda yamanje (ngokudlula Resistor R11). Ngesikhathi kokuhlinzwa, esibulalayo akumelwe kudidaniswe - ngeke kulimaze zaryadchik.

inhlangano yokugcina

K 1, 14, 15 no-ezikhumulweni 16 soldered wire elincanyana balahleke. Ukwahlukanisa kufanele okuthembekile, ukuthi umthwalo awuzange ukufuthelana, kungenjalo nendlwana wokuzenzela imoto ishaja ehluleka. Ngemva inhlangano ukufaka kusilungisi voltage engu-14 volts (+/- 0.2). Kuyinto lokhu ukungezwani kungokwemvelo okukhokha ibhethri. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi silinganiso kufanele idling (mthwalo exhunywe).

On the izintambo ukuthi ukuxhuma ibhethri, kufanele ufake amabili ingwenya Ukugunda. Omunye obomvu, nezinye abamnyama. Lezi zingathengwa yiziphi izimpahla bawagcine futhi izingxenye auto. Nasi okuzenzela elula kujika Ishaja ye imoto ibhethri. Isikimu compounds: omnyama enamathiselwe lokususa, futhi obomvu omuhle. Inqubo ukushaja is okuzenzakalelayo ngokugcwele, Ukungenela komuntu liyadingeka. Kodwa-ke kubalulekile ukucabangela le izigaba eziyinhloko yale nqubo.

Inqubo ukushaja ibhethri

Lapho kokuqala umjikelezo voltmeter kuzobonisa voltage ka mayelana 12,4-12,5 V. Uma ibhethri lunamandla ka 55 Ah ke udinga ukushintshanisa ikhanda kuze kuze ammeter sikhombisa ukubaluleka 5.5 Amps. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukushaja lwamanje 5.5 A. Njengoba nje ibhethri abekwe umlandu, liyancipha wamanje kanye voltage ivame lungene. Ngenxa yalokho, ekupheleni wamanje ilingana 0, zinamandla 14 V

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwakusetshenziswa womshini lakhetsiwe imiklamo of amashaja, isimiso msebenzi zifana ngezindlela eziningi. Lapho ibhethri ishajeke ngokugcwele, idivayisi iqala isinxephezeliso self-osenyameni zamanje. Ngakho asikho isengozini ukuthi Ukutshaja ibattery manifest. Ngakho-ke, ishaja kungenziwa uxhumeke kwebhetri futhi ngosuku, ngesonto, noma ngisho inyanga.

Amathiphu uphinda

Uma ungenalo yokulinganisa imishini ukuthi wayengeyena sorry ukufakwa kudivayisi, ungase angavezwa. Kodwa lokhu kuyadingeka ukwenza isikali for potentiometer - uphawu isikhundla ngenxa ukushaja anamuhla elilingana 5.5 A no 6.5 A. Yiqiniso, ammeter efakwe kuba lula kakhulu - ungakwazi zibukeke ukubona inqubo ukugeleza ukushaja ibhethri. Kodwa ishaja nebhethri, enziwe ngezandla zakhe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amadivaysi kungenziwa eziqhutshwa kalula.