Irkutsk, Epiphany Cathedral: umlando, ikheli, incazelo kanye isithombe

Russia idume izikhumbuzo zalo zenani lathumela, omunye okuyinto ethempelini leNkosi Phenomena (Irkutsk). Cathedral of the Epiphany edolobheni luphakathi nendawo yayo yomlando, futhi ubhekwa umhlobiso wangempela kule ndawo. Akazange ngifane zakudala Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia, njengoba ine ukubukeka engavamile. Lesi sakhiwo Useke wadlula esikhathini sakhe umhlaba uzamazama kaningi futhi imililo, ngakho izikhathi eziningi kwathiwa kabusha.

Umlando nesenzakalo

Ngakho, le sonto lakhiwa ngo-ngamuphi unyaka? It kuvela, umlando wesonto iqala cishe kusukela ekusungulweni edolobheni, ngoba elimiswe Irkutsk abantu ngokwabo ngaphezulu 1693. Lesi sakhiwo wokuqala ezenziwe ngokhuni, futhi yayibizwa ngokuthi uPetru noPawulu Church. Ekhulwini nesishiyagalombili kwakuzoba wanda, kodwa awunaso isikhathi ukwenza kanjalo njengoba ethempelini washisa emlilweni elafika ngo-August 1716.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, abantu bakuleli dolobha wanquma kabusha Cathedral of the Epiphany futhi ukwakha isakhiwo esisha isitini ukugwema imililo esikhathini esizayo. Ukuze isampula ukwakhiwa sathathwa ithempeli elise Verkhoturye. Kodwa nje kulesi sikhathi wenza isimemezelo sasebukhosini esithinta evimbela yimuphi izakhiwo itshe, ngakho ukwakhiwa yesonto uhlehlisiwe okwesikhashana.

Ngo 1718 besilokhu amandla kabusha isakhiwo isitini, ngakho lowo mnyaka, kwaqala umsebenzi wokwakha ithempeli elisha likaJehova Phenomena (Irkutsk). Cathedral of the Epiphany kulesi sikhathi lakhiwa iminyaka emihlanu ngeminikelo zabahlali bendawo nezivakashi.

Ngo 1729 evela esontweni isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi, futhi 1755 emhlabeni isakhiwo kocingo enkulu yakhiwa ngamatshe. Ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu, lapho ingezwe Izindlwana ezintathu ngaphezulu. Ukuze Irkutsk ke namanje encane Burg-ke kwaba grand ngempela isakhiwo yezakhiwo edingekayo izindleko omkhulu futhi umzamo abaculi abaningi zokudala.

ukwakhiwa okwengeziwe

Ngenxa yalokho, i-Epiphany Cathedral wema kuze 1804, akukenzeki ukuba ukuzamazama. Ngenxa yalokho ngalo le nhlekelele, isonto elahlekile engu- yayo lesihlanu Dome.

emuva kwesehlakalo Eminyakeni eyishumi eyayimbiwe ngaseziseleni omusha omkhulu wesibili isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi. Sam Bell, ogama isisindo kwaba yishumi nambili amathani, kwathululwa emuva 1797 futhi yaqanjwa Omkhulu. Ngo 1815 wamiswa esakhiweni esisha isonto, yakhiwa kuleli isitayela classical wamboza ngokugcwele yensimbi.

umsebenzi wokwakha kabusha

Ekupheleni kuka-December 1862 edolobheni lase-Irkutsk futhi onyakaziswa ukuzamazama. Ithempeli ngenxa yalezi zenzakalo futhi zonakala. Lesi sakhiwo labhujiswa cishe zonke vaults, izindonga zambozwa imifantu eminingi, futhi ezindaweni eziningi wavele yayinamakhothamo, amafasitela ewa uzimele, wathutha ukusuka kukholomu isikhala salo. Ngakho-ke, kwanqunywa ukuba izakhamuzi ukuthi iSonto Lobu-Orthodox e-Irkutsk, udinga ukubuyisela.

Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, eduze isakhiwo lombhishobhi lamiswao endlini sombhishobhi. amakamelo alo angamalangabi amakamelo sombhishobhi, kanye namahhovisi ezihlukahlukene zokuphatha kanye sabefundisi ezingokomoya. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho namanje uvele Igumbi umtapo, lapho kwakukhona khona ukuhlangana enkulu izincwadi Orthodox futhi isandiso ukuthi izindlu esikoleni.

Ngakho, amakhulu amabili eminyaka impilo engokomoya wonke umuzi wabizwa bagxila kule isonto lombhishobhi iNkosi Phenomena (Irkutsk). Cathedral of the Epiphany ilahlekelwe lokhu isimo kuphela 1893 lapho kwakhiwa ngazo ithempeli lakhiwa Kazan, lapho wayiswa kwesitulo zamanje besifunda-bhishobhi.

Ukuzalwa kabusha isakhiwo

Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lamashumi amabili, ithempeli wahlupheka ngezikhathi ezinzima ababhekene nazo. Lelibandla Irkutsk yavalwa ngenxa yokukhulekela nebandla, futhi lesi sitshalo ebhikawozi etholakala esakhiweni zayo. Phakathi nale nkathi yokuba isikhathi sesonto ishintshile ngokuphindaphindiwe ukufanisa ukukhiqizwa izindawo workshop. Zonke izakhiwo eminyakeni edlule usebhekene ukuchithwa okuphelele. Lesi sakhiwo lombhishobhi, ngisho ehostela efanayo kwaku abasebenzi esitolo, okwaholela ukuwohloka ephelele isakhiwo.

kwanqunywa ngo-1961 ukuthi isidingo achithe isonto leNkosi Phenomena (Irkutsk). Cathedral of the Epiphany, ukuze intokozo enkulu izakhamuzi, wakwazi ukugwema isiphetho esibuhlungu sibonga capital abaklami onjiniyela G. Orange, abafika lapha ngokuqondile ukusayina amaphepha bawabulale zabo ngokuphelele. Owesifazane isakhiwo uyajabula ukuze, kunokuba ukubhidliza izakhiwo zalo, ngaphambilini umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo yakhe. Ngakho, yokubhaka ukuthi axoshwe isakhiwo, waqala kulungiswe zako.

Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa iminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili futhi kwaphela ngo-1986. Khona-ke, emva kokuphothulwa umsebenzi wokuvuselela, ibandla wadluliswa phakathi kwelifa loonyana Museum zesifunda ukubaluleka zesifunda, okuyinto zenzeka khona esichasiselweni. Ngo zako iminyaka eminingi ukunikeza izinkulumo zeningi ku isiko Russian futhi imvuselelo yayo, futhi wayevame ezihlukahlukene izenzakalo bukhoma.

A esigabeni esisha umlando

Ngo-1993 ithempeli sibuyiselwe kumnikazi wawo ofanele - besifunda-bhishobhi - ngayingcwelisa umbhishobhi ku umkhosi Omkhulu Easter. Lolu suku kwaphawula ukuqala kwenkathi entsha ekuphileni okungokomoya komuzi. Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, leli dolobha lase-Irkutsk nezakhamuzi zawo ukubona ekubukekeni okusha lombhishobhi nge olungaphambili lwesonto kahle ngesineke, lapho umsebenzi abaculi-abadwebi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona abangu ngaphezulu olusha zonke vaults ekamelweni layo yokudlela, endaweni Imininingwane kuyinto 300 square metres.

Imidwebo zisekelwe mkhuba izigcawu ezihlukahlukene uJehova, kanye ukuzalwa kukaKristu. Futhi phezu imidwebo ungabona zonke izinhlobo abaprofethi, ukholo, abangcwele kanye namanye amaqhawe-Orthodox. Ukubukeka yesimanje Kulelibandla wehlukile ukubukeka zalo zokuqala futhi ukubukeka zikanokusho kusuka kuphi emzini.

incazelo

Ngaleso sikhathi samanje, isonto lihlotshiswe imisebenzi yangempela yobuciko, elibonisa abangcwele abaningi futhi isimangaliso abasebenzi zonke ukukhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithempeli ezihlotshiswe kahle nge ezihlukahlukene amasampula eziyingqayizivele tile Ceramic, futhi izindonga zipendwe zonke izinhlobo yokuqala ukuphrinta isitayela. I mbumbulu zihlanganisa fancy zamafasitela engasasetshenziselwa kuhlobisa omangalisayo, cornices kanzima profiled.

Izakhiwo izakhiwo zethempeli kuthiwa kuyofikwa ukuhlukahluka ezahlukene isitayela lasendulo futhi baraque, okuyinto zitholakala ngokuyinhloko engxenyeni esenyakatho yeRussia. Ukwakheka base luyinhlanganisela verticals ezimbili - ngodobo ethempelini futhi embhoshongweni hipped, kudlala indzima lesembili uhlaka lwalo oluphelele ngalé. Ubuhle okumangazayo Cathedral ekuhlaba umxhwele zonke izivakashi edolobheni, ngakho-ke wakhethwa njengosuku indawo lapho kuvulwa yonyaka lomkhosi enikelwe isiko Russian nengokomoya.

Izibuyekezo futhi besonto umxhwele

Abantu, lapho singene kulendlu, kukhona umoya okhethekile isonto enhle Orthodox. Abantu bendawo nezivakashi ngokuvakashela izinkambo e-Irkutsk, cabangela lokhu Cathedral amahle kakhulu futhi isakhiwo ababetelekile ngo edolobheni. Ikakhulukazi ukubukeka kwayo sekushintshile kusukela ukubuyiselwa zokugcina, lapho kwavulela izingxenye ezintsha futhi ezinhle kakhulu mbumbulu.

Phenomena Bandla kaJehova njengakho izakhamuzi eziningi, into ngalokwanele okusikhumbuza Gingerbread endlini onjalo. Nanguya enhle hhayi ngaphandle kuphela kodwa futhi ngaphakathi. Ngaphakathi ethempelini kukhona imifanekiso emangalisayo. Eduze kwendawo lombhishobhi futhi uyakuthokozela izivakashi eziningi. On ngamunye isentimitha square ehlobo sisathathe ezinye ezithakazelisayo zezimila eziqhakazayo, futhi ebusika azungeze azungezwe we ezinde kakhulu iqhwa eziqoshiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuleli paki usethe inombolo enkulu izitolo nemithombo eziningana.

imidwebo Elihle izindonga Dome yegolide kulesi sakhiwo kuqhakambisa ethempelini ngisho ekude. Abantu bendawo nezivakashi ukubavakashela lelibandla akuyona kuphela ngenxa yobuhle bayo, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokuhamba elula, njengoba Itholakala enkabeni yedolobha.

ulwazi oluwusizo

Church of the Epiphany itholakala kuleli kheli elilandelayo: Irkutsk, Lower Quay, futhi isikhundla sakhe zomthetho - Street Sukhbaatar, Ukwakha 1a.

Ukukhulekela isakhiwo yayo zibhekwa nsuku zonke. Ngesikhathi 08:30 am Nowaphezulu ligcinwe, futhi at 17:00 - isevisi kusihlwa.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

It kuvela ukuthi leli thempeli kubhekwa isakhiwo endala itshe, hhayi kuphela emzini wakhe edolobheni, kodwa futhi Eastern eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude. Lokhu isonto ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphansi umonakalo ngenxa izinhlekelele ezahlukene zemvelo, kuhlanganise iziphepho, ukuzamazama komhlaba kanye imililo. Kuphela kanye lesi sakhiwo baphepha amalangabi, okuyinto ngo-1879 kulimala le Spassky ethempelini, kodwa wayeka esangweni isakhiwo.

Lokhu lombhishobhi, esikhathini esidlule eminyakeni lokuchithwa, ngempela savuka futhi manje edonsela ubuhle ngokubabazekayo futhi ezingcwele zabantwana izingqondo nemiphefumulo yabantu. Lelibandla Russian has a Buka onesizotha kakhulu futhi enokuthula, lapho wonke amalungu esonto emva ukuvakashelwa ukuze athole ukuthula kwengqondo kwezinga elithile kanye lightness emnandi. Lesi sakhiwo kungenziwa bafanele i lesikhumbuzo yezakhiwo kanye gem wangempela edolobheni lase-Irkutsk.