Iqhaza wefilosofi ekuphileni kwebantfu kanye nomphakathi

Igama elithi "UPhilo-sophia" (okuyinto ngenhlanhla ayisungula Pythagoras), ubeke impendulo yombuzo othi kungani lokhu isayensi efeza indima ebaluleke kangaka enkulu empilweni kumuntu ngamunye kithi. Phela, kuhunyushwa igama negama kula nkulumo isho ukuthi "ukuthanda ukuhlakanipha." Ubani phakathi kwethu akawuthandi ngezinye izikhathi pomudrstvovat, philosophize? Futhi uma ku logarithms we isosha esihlatshelelwayo ngeke kuthuthukiswe, futhi physics uzizwa engalondekile e iambic futhi trochaic ke ukucabanga futhi sithandane. Kungani lo kangaka, futhi iyini indima nefilosofi ekuphileni kwebantfu kanye nomphakathi? Aristotle embize "Nkosikazi zonke sciences, lapho, njengesigqili, musa alinge kuyaphikisana." Nokho, uSeneca, wacabanga ikhono ukucabanga izindlela avelele ekuhlakuleleni ubuhle zomphakathi, ukuhlakanipha kanye ubuntu zokuziphatha.

"Uthando yokuhlakanipha" imele ngempela ngaphezu kwazo zonke izinhlobo zesayensi. Uma kuqhathaniswa naso, igatsha ngalinye ulwazi nje Scrap. Iqhaza wefilosofi ekuphileni kwebantfu kanye nomphakathi itholakala lokuthi ukuthi ngokuvumelanayo ihlanganisa ipumelelo yonke eyala futhi yakha uhlelo ulwazi lwethu mayelana nezwe, njengoba buyinto ebalulekile. Yebo, amafilosofi ziyahlukahluka ngokuqondene nalokho okutholwe emkhakheni nezinye ulwazi. Ngokwesibonelo, idivayisi heliocentric isimiso sethu sikanozungezilanga, okwatholwa uCopernicus, futhi ekwehleleni yomuntu kusukela nezinkawu okukhulu ngenxa kwemvelo kwezinto eziphilayo, Darwin luhlolwe ophoqelelwe wokubukeza zefilosofi emhlabeni jikelele. Kodwa amafilosofi kuyinto "isixhumanisi", okuyinto, sibambe kwentuthuko ezindaweni ezithile, wakha ezithile "umbono wezwe."

Kodwa indima nefilosofi ekuphileni kwebantfu kanye nomphakathi abutholakali ukwakhiwa izimiso jikelele yonke (ontology). Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke siye, isimiso, nexhala uma Umhlaba ihamba phakathi Sun, noma okuphambene nalokho. Zefilosofi ontology ukubaluleka nangokomzwelo exhunywe nezwe womuntu, njengoba izisethile umbuzo: "Ungubani nathi kuleli zwe", "Kuyini indawo yethu lapha", "? Yini sithemba" Lokho, ngaphezu ontology, ifilosofi nesayensi ukuthi u-Aristotle ubizelé Metaphysics, neminyango anthropology abelwe (ucwaningo indoda futhi sakhe), ifilosofi yezenhlalakahle (ucwaningo nentuthuko yomuntu futhi indima yomuntu kuwo), epistemology (ie, imfundiso yokuziphendukela ulwazi kusuka ngesiGreki). Ukuphelelisa kulolu chungechunge wezifundo zezenkolo, esthetics futhi izimiso zokuhle.

Uma sazi, isibonelo, ukuthi zamanje kagesi - a ukunyakaza electron icala, sifunda lolu lwazi nge sizathu, uyigcine engqondweni. Imizwelo Ngakho ayiphazamiseki. Esikhathini esizayo, ulwazi lwamanje usivumela ukuba sisebenzise ngogesi izidingo zabo futhi ugweme umthelela ukudedelwa. Nokho, ulwazi ukugeleza electron ayishintshi ezimpilweni zethu, hhayi ukuchitha izwe kwangaphakathi, ngeke ube nomdlandla ukwenza, hhayi ngenye indlela. Iqhaza wefilosofi ekuphileni kwebantfu kanye nomphakathi kuqakathekile ukuthi yakha sinesimo sengqondo, nemibono. Yena uqondisa izenzo zabantu ngandlela-thile predetermines kubo. Ukwazi umqondo abanye ka zezenhlalakahle isayensi, sizizwa uzwela wakhe noma antipathy, kuba "yethu" noma siyakulahla ke ngokuphelele, okuyinto akulona iqiniso esimweni kuvisisa isiphi isiyalo zemvelo noma zezibalo.

Iqhaza wefilosofi ekuphileni kwebantfu lomuntu oyedwa, kunzima overestimate. Imibuzo "Ngingubani mina, futhi kungani ngihlala musa?", "Kuzokwenzekani kimi ngemva umzimba wami sokufa?" Izimpendulo futhi inkolo, kodwa, ngokuphambene, isebenzisa ifilosofi yesayensi ubufakazi iyunithi. Ingabe kududuza imibuzo existential? Ufuna nomqondo wokubaluleka egoba ngabanye. Ukuziphatha - liphinde umkhiqizo ngemibono yefilosofi. Inhlonipho umuntu ngamunye, njengoba kuqhathaniswa kwenye Machiavellianism yonke futhi imiqondo KaDarwin nomphakathi.

Lokho umuntu - a "zoon politikon" uyisilwane esihlala emphakathini, eyaziwa njengoba zo lasendulo. Futhi lesi silwane uzama ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zezwe futhi ukwenza kube "bona." Iqhaza wefilosofi emphakathini ukuthi ifuna izimpendulo zemibuzo: "? Ingabe kungenzeka ukwakha emhlabeni umphakathi ephelele", "? Kufanele kube kanjani", "? Yini okufanele uphathe uquqaba womuntu", "Ingabe ukuzuzwa ngokulingana ithuba futhi elangenza noma - utopia "?