Iphepha credit: incazelo, izimo, imibandela izici kanye nokubuyekeza ukuvuthwa

Nge ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo yasebhange yaqala ukubonakala entsha uhlelo lokukhokha. Omunye wabo - udumo ephepheni. Lokhu sokuvikeleka kuphela esetshenziswa njengoba ithuluzi utshalomali okuletha engenayo, kodwa futhi njengendlela yokukhokha. Lesi sihloko kuzoxoxwa imayelana yesibili bill imisebenzi.

inhliziyo

Noma yimuphi inhlangano nakanjani ebhekene isidingo bathole izimali ezibolekwe ekusetshenzisweni yesikhashana. With ukuthuthukiswa ubudlelwane credit amabhange banika izinhlobo ezintsha sokubolekwayo. Promissory amanothi - umkhiqizo emakethe akuyona entsha, kodwa akwanele abahlanganyeli balufunda. Okwenziwayo kusekelwe indinganiso ebhange. Yilokho imali nje hhayi zafundiswa akhawunti yasebhange, njengoba kuhlinzekwe ngendlela Central Bank.

Le nkampani iphatha umthethosivivinywa ukuze uthole imali-mboleko. Inqubo ejwayelekile sokubhalisa lomsebenzi: inhlangano ecela emaphepheni owasungula futhi imibiko yezimali. Ngemva isinqumo esihle inkontileka izikweletu. He is cishe ngokuphelele amakhophi okuqukethwe isivumelwano ejwayelekile, ngaphandle into eyodwa. Uma injongo edonsa loan ezivamile liyinhlawufo of izinto zokusetshenziswa, imishini, sokukhokhwa isikweletu yomholo ke esimweni promissory amanothi injongo kuthengiselana ukuthengwa izibambiso izikweletu ebhange. Inkontileka ka suretyship njengoba eseduze eyengeziwe noma kungase kungabi. Ngemva ukusayina amaphepha lenhlangano kwe-akhawunti evulekile loan.

inqubo

Phakathi ukusetshenziswa loan ebhange idlulisela izimali akhawunti ye umboleki. Lesi samba ngokushesha ezidonswe ukuthengwa izikweletu zokwenana, uma isivumelwano ubeka ukuthi ibhange uthola ilungelo lokuqondisa ukudonsa imali. Noma lokukhokha komunye oyedwa ngokwakhe kumele anikeze umyalo wokukhokha eqinisekisa ukudluliselwa imali. Okungukuthi, i-akhawunti ivulekile kuphela nezidingo Central Bank. Sebenzisa imali hhayi inhloso yazo ngeke zisebenze. Wiring wenze abasebenzi asebhange. On umnikazi ithuluzi umboleki lokuqala wabonisa.

eziningana Central Bank ingakhishwa ngaphansi inkontileka olulodwa. Lonke inani zonke izikweletu kufanele alingane isamba semalimboleko. Okuhlukile izimo lapho inkontileka sihlinzekela ukuqoqwa izimali ezengeziwe.

ukusetshenziswa

Ngokuvamile, umthethosivivinywa ukuze izinkokhelo ukuthenga kubaphakeli. Obolekayo eyanele ukubeka ukuvumela ku ukuphepha ukukhokha izikweletu umlingani wakhe. Esikhathini bill kukhona umnikazi omusha. Ezokuphepha iza kwegazi. Kodwa-ke kufanele ajabulise umboleki akufanele kube. Naphezu ngokucacile kuthengiselana, izimali eyibuyisela promissory inothi loan. Umnqamulajuqu ukukhokhela inkontileka. Ngokuvamile ayidluli izinyanga 6.

Ithemu bill lokukhokha lingadlula ukuvuthwa loan lungene amasonto amabili. Leli qiniso kufanele kubhekwe ku izibalo. Uma ithuluzi esinikezwayo ukukhokhelwa kusengaphambili, khona-ke, kube khona ukwenanana akukhona par futhi at isaphulelo. Lokhu kuyabonakala intengo ukuthi kuyoba isiphetho mutual emkhatsini umboleki kanye yomuntu obolekisayo.

ISIBONELO 1

Obolekayo lithole bill Inani okuzisholo ruble 1 million. Inani izibopho zakhe ibhange kuyinto ruble abayizigidi ezingu-4,7. Yokuvuthwa esikweletini, ekupheleni kosuku 03.15.16 nemizana phakathi umboleki kanye umbolekisi kuhlelelwe 28/09/15 ngesikhathi ukwelashwa umbolekisi yasebhange uthola ukuthi ukusungulwa 28/09/15 phindisela inothi promissory at isaphulelo of 11%. Presenter ithole izandla zami phezu hhayi 1 sesigidi sama-ruble., Futhi 890 ayizinkulungwane. Hlikihla. Inani elifanayo kunciphisa izibopho umboleki sika: 4.7 - 0.89 = 3.81 sesigidi sama-ruble.

izibalo efanayo eyenziwa kulo iketanga abanikazi. Impilo eduze mutual, aba maningi nani kucatshangelwe.

izimo

Ukwamukelwa credits baphathe ezintathu izinhlobo ingozi: loan, lenzalo, futhi usongo zezimali encishisiwe. Ukuze wehlise kubo, izikhungo zemali izidingo kumakhasimende:

• ukuhlinzekela eseduze (bambiso) e ifomu izibopho imalimboleko isimo (noma nezinye izibambiso izothandwa), yokusungula, impahla kanye nempahla;
• isebenze ngesikhathi ukusayina isivumelwano esingaphezu konyaka;
• opha njalo kwezimali ku-akhawunti.

ekhishwe promissory inothi loans amabhange unyaka elilodwa ngesikhathi 6-10% ekwenziweni nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo.

izinzuzo

• Iphepha credit ushibhile kuno loan ezivamile. Nakuba inqubo ukuthengiselana yokubhalisa izinga ezifanayo emalini ebolekwe enjalo ngokuvamile esingaphansi ngo-10%.
• I loan ikuvumela ukwenza izinkokhelo ngisho noma kukhona izimangalo oluvelele ku-akhawunti.
• Kwakona nje ukuthi sokukhokhwa kwesikweletu ekhishwe ekuvumeleni lokhu okubhale ephepheni. Lokhu kwehlisa kakhulu wamaphepha.

amaphutha

• amanani encishisiwe kuthiwa offset ngenxa sokukhokhwa promissory amanothi at isaphulelo.
• Isidingo kuhlelembisa nomphakeli kungenzeka buyiselo ka promissory amanothi nemibandela yalokho kuthengiselana, okungukuthi, nge mark-up ngeke offset Central Bank.

Angabonelela credit bill

Nezikweletu izibambiso zikuphi umhlinzeki ukutshalwa kwezimali (CQ. 58-2). Kuye isikhathi inothi promissory, umboleki sika-balance sheet ibonisa akhawunti Central Bank sika, ukuthumela DT 66-2 (short-term) noma 67-2 (loans yasebhange yesikhathi eside). Imali ebekelwe ukukhokhwa izikweletu ebhaliwe ucime DT 91-2 "izindleko Okunye".

ISIBONELO 2

Inkampani Uthole short-term promissory inothi imalimboleko ebhange ngoba izinkulungwane 500. Hlikihla. isikhathi esiyizinyanga eziyisithupha ngo-5.5% ngonyaka. Ukukhokhwa isithakazelo wenziwa izitolimende elilinganayo buyiselo uthishanhloko: 500 * 0.055 = ama-ruble ayizigidi 13,75 .. Le mali kubonakala ezimali wiring DT91-2 CT 66-2.

Intela

Ngo Art. 167 Tax Code ithi ukudluliselwa amanothi promissory ngoba befuna imbuyiselo-VAT umthengisi izikweletu kufanele ibalwe kuphela endabeni nokukhokhwa Central Bank noma ukudlulisa yayo abakhokhi bentela ngu ukuvumela. Ukuthola umthethosivivinywa ngumuntu wesithathu ubhekwa ukuqaliswa, njengoba isibopho lomthengi kwinhlangano sinqanyuliwe ngaphandle ukubhuka.

ISIBONELO 3

Umthengi LLC uye kukhokhelwe izimpahla ne Inkampani promissory amanothi athengwe ku-legatsha Sberbank. Kuthengiswe umphumela mpahla kwezimpahla e inani ayizinkulungwane 18. Hlikihla. (VAT 10%). Ngu esilinganayo umthengi wanika bill. Ngokombono wezomthetho buka, izibopho OOO ukukhokhela izimpahla ugcwalisekile. Inkampani kungenzeka ingabonisi nokuvikeleka ama-akhawunti atholakalayo ezimali.

Savings akuyona okweletayo nomthengisi. Kulokhu, balandise izikweletu kumele iboniswe ku-akhawunti 58 ngenani le izindleko yokufuna yayo, okungukuthi izindleko imikhiqizo ethunyelwa. Ngo-BU kusuka umdayisi wenza ezithunyelwe ezifana:

DT62 KT90-1 "Revenue" - ruble ayizigidi 18 .. - kubonakala ukuthengiswa kwezimpahla leyo nkampani abayisebenzelayo.

DT90-3 "VAT" KT68-3 - 1.636 ayizinkulungwane ruble .. - icala VAT.

DT58-2 "Izikweletu of Central Bank" KT76-3 "kwaBantu kwamanye engenayo" - ruble ayizigidi 18 .. - eyamukelwayo discounting.

DT76-3 CT 62 - 18 ayizinkulungwane ruble .. - bill ikhokhwe imikhiqizo ethunyelwa.

Izici

Bills buyiselo imalimboleko inqobo nje uma i-VAT sempahla ethengwayo ibalwa okusekelwe ukubaluleka esithwele kwamatayitela. Ibhalansi bubhaliwe ku izindleko kuthengwe lo mthethosivivinywa. Izindleko zangempela zingabi ukubaluleka bokuzisholo. Uma-ke ingaphezu lemali esithwele, nokudoswa VAT ngesisekelo ukuthi akhawunti nomdayisi.

ukunyakaza izikweletu

Kukhona izikimu ezimbili eziyinhloko ukunyakazisa izikweletu. Ake sihlole ngokuningiliziwe.

Ngemva ekuvumelaneni umthengi kanye umphakeli lemali kuthengiselana, kwemibandela yokukhokha counterparties sivule i-akhawunti ebhange elisedolobheni efanayo, futhi siphethe isivumelwano ezinyunyana. Umthengi Uthola short-term promissory inothi inani kuthengiselana, awubeka idiphozi nemabhuloki ke. Lapho beqeda eseduze kuthengiselana luyasuswa, futhi izimali zidluliselwa ku-akhawunti yomhlinzeki. Uma e inqubo yokuqalisa deal eye yembula ukwephula, ngemuva kokuvula umthethosivivinywa uhlala nekhasimende. Zokuphepha azikwazi lusobala kukho idiphozi ngaphandle kwemvume yabo bobabili. Ngakho somthengi insured ukudonsa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ebesibekiwe, nabaphakeli - kusukela yokungakhokhi kuthengiselana lapho liqedwa.

Shintsha nemibandela isikimu odlule. Thenga ama-akhawunti ama-akhawunti evulekile amagatsha ebhange emadolobheni ahlukene. Lomthengi izalungisa eside promissory amanothi inani kuthengiselana, ngokubhala azise umphakeli sinikeza imvume ukuhumushela izingxenye izibambiso okuholela ku-akhawunti esitokisini. umhlinzeki Bank elihlobene ne sesikweletu yomthengi ukuqinisekisa Iqiniso ivimbela izikweletu. Lapho beqeda nokuvikeleka kuthengiselana ivuliwe futhi izohumusha ku-akhawunti yomhlinzeki.