Ingabe Russian emisha funa? Yebo, futhi kanjani!

Russian eMnyango Wezemfundo usethule yesikhulumi entsha "Ukuqamba Space", lapho abafundi undergraduate yezifundiswa Uyoletha imiklamo yabo, ukuxhumana ososayensi ehola, ubuchwepheshe osomabhizinisi kanye zimali.

Phela, amakhono esikoleni zesayensi kanye lobuchwepheshe Russian omkhulu. Abaningi bangasho phikisana ukuthi, ebhekisela simo rankings emhlabeni, lapho ehola amanyuvesi Russian musa hlala ezindaweni lokuqala. Kodwa abagxeki ngandlela-thile njalo ukhohlwe ukuthi lezi amanyuvesi ihlanganiswe ikakhulukazi ngesisekelo ukushicilelwa of amaphepha isayensi emaphephabhukwini ngamazwe. Uma ucabangisisa, uma magazini unyatheliswa e-United States noma Europe, zincwadi eziningi yilezo amaqembu ucwaningo, okuyizinto ngokwendawo eduze nabo futhi trite khuluma ngolimi olulodwa. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi namajenali eziningi zesayensi ashicilelwe ngqo amanyuvesi. Ngakho lezi amazinga ayisoze ayisebenzisa ukuze abonise ukuthi ososayensi Russian bayakwazi ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obusha.

Kodwa futhi, ake abeke eceleni ezililweni ezingenalutho abagxeki futhi sibheke amaqiniso. Ingabe inkampani abe ne izimpande Russian ngubani ngempumelelo ukudayisa imikhiqizo yabo? Futhi ukukwenza phesheya, okungukuthi ukuncintisana ezimakethe zomhlaba. Futhi kangcono ngisho noma indlunkulu yabo zisekhona eRussia. Yiqiniso, lezi zinkampani, kukhona okuningi kubo.

Ubiquitous yelwati

I boom kolwazi nobuchwepheshe kanye IT isivele udliwe isihloko "imikhakha innovative kakhulu" i-biotechnology. Kodwa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kusho ukuthi manje IT selikhule ebuntwaneni. Vele ukubheka uhlu corporations eqolo emhlabeni wonke. Izinkampani abahola ngokuphelele software, ehlangana uwoyela ezimayini zegolide imidondoshiya.

Ngakho, emakethe nobuchwepheshe bolwazi, eRussia ngempela indawo ezithakazelisayo. Ake uqale nge yokuthi IRussia ingelinye lamazwe ezine emhlabeni lapho kukhona injini yayo, okuyinto unqobile-Google. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwamanye amazwe 3 usukwenzile lokhu ngosizo ukweseka isimo ekusesheni ideskithophu. Futhi Yandex yethu kuphela eholwa Arkadiem Volozhem bakwazi ukunqoba le-Google yokuncintisana okufanelekile. Okwamanje, Yandex ngokuqiniseka kunesithembiso 60% wemakethe yokusesha eRussia. Ngemva baba inkampani komphakathi nokwabelana yayo yaqala adayiswa ku exchange stock, Yandex ngokuya nhla bebheke kwamanye amazwe lapho isikhundla ye-Google njengoba donsile ngenxa yesimo ulimi lwendawo. Ikakhulukazi, kuba Turkey, lapho Yandex kuyinto kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile udle off share emakethe kusukela giant yokusesha.

Futhi konke lokhu kwakungenakwenzeka ukube bekungengenxa ye ibandulo labaSebenzi onjiniyela Russian. Ngoba search kuze kube manje, lesi ingumkhiqizo kakhulu zobuchwepheshe, okuyinto kweso ukubutha zonke impumelelo yanoma yisiphi esinye izindawo IT. Ukudala izinga lokusesha isidingo umsebenzi esihlelwe yenombolo omkhulu engasho lutho Ochwepheshe zezibalo program, ososayensi computer kanye nochwepheshe e wokufunda womshini. Futhi lokho singabali nesibalo esikhulu onjiniyela abalondoloza nokwandisa ingqalasizinda injini. Yini enye kodwa lokhu kungase kube ubufakazi bokuthi esikoleni yesayensi Russian ungahlangana emazingeni aphakeme omhlaba, uma kukhona iphrojekthi ayakufanelekela.

Kodwa ngamunye Yandex Russian IT kakhulu. Kusese eziningi izinkampani ezinkulu Russian ezifana Mail.ru Group noma Alawar, okuyinto ukuncintisana ngempumelelo ezimakethe zomhlaba.

Kodwa uma kuziwa kwezobuchwepheshe okusezingeni eliphezulu ngempela IT, lapha omunye singakhohlwa inkampani Petersburg "Inkulumo Technology Center", okuyinto iminyaka engu-20 ukwenza imikhiqizo sokuqashelwa zamagama futhi kubhekwa omunye abaholi bezwe kule makethe. Le nkampani e imibuthano sasivumela ewumngcingo eyaziwa, ngoba egxile ngokuyinhloko ezindabeni eyinkimbinkimbi imisebenzi ulwazi olunzulu, ezifana ukuqashelwa kwamarekhodi ezilimele noma ukuhlonza ngezwi. Amaklayenti eyinhloko "MDG" kukhona ezempi izinkampane ezinkulu.

Enye ubufakazi nezimfuneko esikoleni lwesayensi esinalo yinkampani "Solutions abahlakaniphile", okuyinto iminyaka emithathu liye landa lisuka kwabangu iqembu abathanda ukuba ithimba 90 intuthuko professional imikhiqizo ezintsha. Basuke wahlanganyela enkulu idatha ubuchwepheshe ezingeni global, ubambisene izikhungo ehamba phambili yesayensi eRussia nase-Europe.

Uma ucabanga mayelana 'nensimbi' ohlangothini IT, kuyoba ezifanelwe "PMT" futhi "Incom". Eyokuqala phakathi abakhiqizi eziyishumi ngobukhulu imikhiqizo thermoelectric mikroohlazhdayuschey emhlabeni. A yesibili ukhiqiza ngempumelelo futhi nokobana zokuvikela edidiyele monitringa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunemiBhalo eminingana omkhulu izinkampani ezincane ezenza imikhiqizo yabo encane wezinkampane yomhlaba wonke, noma okunye ukufeza oda amakhasimende ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Futhi program Russian bayakwazisa emhlabeni wonke ngomsebenzi izinga ezinhle, ngokungafani isibonelo, kusukela amaNdiya, abathatha amanani aphansi kuphela.

Okuhle physics ubudala

Uma uyeka ukuba babe nesizotha, isikole Soviet ososayensi okungcono emhlabeni. Inani elikhulu nokwatholakala lokubalulekile izicelo zabo, okuyinto kunqunywa ukuthuthukiswa isayensi kwekhulu lama-20 kwenziwe eSoviet Union. Futhi naphezu kwazo zonke izinkinga, ngesisekelo salokhu lakhula izinkampani eziningi ezinkulu futhi kuphumelele ezintsha.

Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu yiwona "SPE" laser izinhlelo "iminyaka wokusebenzisa ngempumelelo emakethe international ubuchwepheshe okusezingeni eliphezulu engaphezu kwengu-20. "Laser Systems" ukuthuthukisa ezintsha yokuphepha solutions, ngesimiso semvelo, imithi, isikhala kanye ngempumelelo ethengisa imikhiqizo yayo emhlabeni wonke. Lolu lokulandela kanye ukuhlonza izinhlelo, izinhlelo mobile lokuqapha kwemvelo, ukuphepha Swirl zezindiza, ephezulu amandla lasers, kanye nokuvikeleka bese control ukufinyelela izinhlelo ezahlukene. Phakathi kwemisebenzi esiyingqayizivele - ngowokuqala emhlabeni Alkolazer ngenxa yokuzimisela akude utshwala evala ngaphakathi imoto futhi determinant ka iminonjana iziqhumane nezidakamizwa X-Tracer.

Enye inkampani, "Diakont" eba ngomkhondo izinhlelo nge ukumelana emisebeni eliphezulu. Engingakusho nje ukuthi i-American General Electric manje kabusha kuhlomisa ukukhiqizwa yayo amandla "Diakont". Kakade abantu abangaphezu kwengxenye US amandla amandla giant qapha usebenzisa imishini lenkampani Russian. Ngaphandle General Electric phakathi amakhasimende: American Westinghouse, Areva France futhi Electricite de France (France), i-Finnish Fortum (Finland), zethu "," Rosenergoatom ". Futhi-ke, "Diakont", bahlala batfutfukisa imishini emisha ye amandla enuzi.

Young kanye-biotechnology Eyaluzayo

Russia akusho zisale ngemuva ngisho emkhakheni abasha elikhula - i-biotechnology.

Izitayela imfashini kakhulu futhi biotech - okuthanda nguwe Okwelapha Nokuhlinza amalungiselelo ngesisekelo ubuchwepheshe amaselula, zofuzo nangemuva ocwaningweni ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni ngesikhathi "Isikhungo womuntu stem cells." Le nkampani ekuthuthukiseni kusukela 2003 futhi ngo-2009 ngaya ngisho umphakathi ngempumelelo. Imisebenzi HSCI lihlanza izindawo ezinhlanu eziyinhloko ubuchwepheshe yesimanje bezokwelapha: imithi okuzivuselela, bioinsurance, zofuzo yezokwelapha, ukwelapha ngezakhi zofuzo, biopharmaceuticals (ngaphansi "SynBio" Uhlelo lobulungu international). HSCI ungumnikazi ibhange esikhulu kunazo zonke eRussia isitoreji siqu Gemabank® ekunqandeni amaseli enkabeni intambo igazi, kanye ebhange kwamaseli womuntu zokuzala - Reprobank® (siqu isitoreji / umnikelo). Le nkampani futhi njalo uhlelela izinkundla kanye nemihlangano yokufundisa sokuthuthukiswa iningi lososayensi Russia bioengineers.

Njengoba for nye uhlangothi nobuchwepheshe: ukukhiqizwa kwe imishini kwezokwelapha kanye kwemithi, kukhona abakhiqizi Russian ngempumelelo ukuhlomisa zonke Russian imithi izinga amathuluzi kusebenta kwahulumende kanye nemithi, okuyinto eqinisekisiwe ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe. Ilokhu uthomile ukuthuthukisa imithi emisha kanye namathuluzi zokuxilonga ezisiza odokotela uphawule izimpawu ezithile eziyisixwayiso ngaphambili futhi sibaphathe kahle kakhulu.

Kunezinkinga, kodwa zingaxazululwa

Yiqiniso, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla akusho ukuthi isayensi Russian akanayo izinkinga. Ababona, kanye emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa ngelinye lamavesi abaluleke kunawo wonke okwamanje ezinye besambathekile lososayensi abasha ekuzameni commercialize ucwaningo lwabo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukusebenzisa yesikhulumi "isikhala emisha" - Umlobi ngamunye ukuthuthukiswa ethembisa ukuqonda ngokucacile ukuthi sizokwenzenjani, ngingangena izeluleko ezivela osolwazi zihlaba, yimpumelelo ubuchwepheshe osomabhizinisi kanye zimali.