Indlela hlola disk kanzima ukulungisa, ukusebenza: manual, izincomo kanye nokubuyekeza

abasebenzisi Ngokuqinisekile abaningi PC kanye laptops kwadingeka ukuba sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ukuthi Kwavuka hard drive. Kulesi sihloko sizozama ukuphendula imibuzo eyisisekelo mayelana nomsebenzi we kanzima ukushayela kancane ubone isibonelo ukhonkolo? wenzani lapho hard disk amabhuleki yakho, indlela ukuhlola ukuseviswa of abezindaba kanye kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyazuzisa yini ngempela uchithe ku imizwa yakho kanye nesikhathi.

Njengoba isibonelo, ukuthatha omunye ethandwa kakhulu nama-hard drive, okuyinto zinama nezinkulungwane amakhompyutha kanye laptops - idrayivu kanzima kusukela Seagate. Inkinga eyinhloko "lokuhlola" ukuthi - ube yiqhwa yesistimu yokusebenza noma ukwenqaba umthwalo, izimbungulu ahlukahlukene, creaking bese uchofoza ka. Ngakho, indlela ukuhlola hard disk ukulungisa kukhompyutha?

Soft

Omunye yezinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu (futhi mahhala) kusuka iphuzu lobuchwepheshe umbono, izinhlelo ukuhlola drive kanzima - ke HDDScan, okuyinto ingalandwa kusukela website esemthethweni ngesicelo noma iyiphi injini yokusesha.

Into yokuqala udinga ukuhlola hard disk imingcele SMART (ubuchwepheshe esishunyekiwe ukuthi Kuhlola hard drive imishini self-test ne isibikezelo isikhathi esisele "ukuphila"), bese kuthi qualitative test yenethiwekhi Kwamanzi owazenza ukuthola imikhakha ezimbi (okubi-amabhlogo).

Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi hlola isimo hard drive yakho nganoma isiphi inkinga, sizokwenza akanhlanhlatsi emfushane ukuqonda isimiso Umbuso HDDScan, echaza kabanzi ukuthi SMART, kwaze kwakubi-amabhlogo futhi kungani ezinye zazo ngaleli "khambi" ngeke bakwazi, ikakhulukazi ngoba abaningi Izibuyekezo mayelana lolu hlelo ushiye abasebenzisi kuze kube sekupheleni futhi akazange aqonde ukuthi uhlobo amabhlogo, amathrekhi kanye nemikhakha eminingi eyehlukahlukene.

Umgomo we operation

Winchester siqukethe ingilazi kanye ne-aluminium amapuleti, okuyinto camera nge ungqimba lobuchwepheshe impahla ferromagnetic. Lokho, uma sikubeka kalula, disk hard - idivayisi ukurekhoda kazibuthe. Heads, okuyinto zitholakala phezu esiphathiswa, elintantayo ezingeni ukuphakama 10-13 NM, futhi ungalokothi uthinte ebusweni, okuyinto ngenhlanhla Kulula kakhulu umonakalo.

Yamafutha e zinyanga izigaba hard disk ukukhiqizwa Ubamba eliphansi ukufometha, ephinde amafomu "kumephu" we-hard drive, kuhlukane kube amathrekhi kanye nemikhakha eminingi eyehlukahlukene. Futhi wenziwa nokusebenzisa Servo ekhethekile, okuyinto banesibopho ikhanda olunembile hit oyiwonawona idrayivu kanzima.

wemboni

Iyunithi yokulinganisa we hard drive - kulomkhakha, esakhiwa 512 bytes idatha, kanye ukufometha idivayisi ezingeni eliphansi, kuthatha imishini ekhethekile futhi kuyabiza kakhulu - "Servorayter", ngakho-ke iyasebenza kuphela imboni, kanye lonke ulwazi eqoshiwe nale imishini ngeke neze iyiphi isevisi ngaphezulu. Uma umuntu uthembisa hlola isimo disk hard bese wenza format eliphansi, kufanele wazi: ekhaya kungenziwa.

Umenzi kubhala wemboni kuphela sokuyokhonza Imininingwane: Ikheli lendawo komkhakha uqobo kanye nekheli mshini ukuze ukhombise isiqalo ithrekhi. Lolu lwazi ngokuvamile kakhulu ukubizwa ngokuthi wokugubha idrayivu kanzima, futhi kubalulekile ukuba ukusebenza efanele yenethiwekhi kuya-hard drive ikhanda ngokunembile ithole oyiwonawona futhi wemboni ukufunda nokubhala i-data.

Ukulandela yokufuna idrayivu kanzima umsebenzisi itholakala cishe zonke umthamo yayo, ngaphandle ulwazi nokuphathelene, equkethe MBR (master boot irekhodi) eyakhelwe amathuluzi inkonzo. idiski endaweni lapho idatha has a magnetization ephakeme, singavumeli umsebenzisi ngengozi noma ngamabomu ukususa ulwazi inkonzo.

firmware

Idatha kwi imikhakha, amathrekhi futhi etafuleni ekhethekile yehhotela ukuthi asitholakali BIOS futhi yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza. Leli thebula kuyinto endaweni inkonzo, okuyinto uhlobo uhlelo mini-yokusebenza, futhi kanye iOS Firmware elawula zonke izenzo of the hard drive. Abanye abasebenzisi uyazibuza: musa oludingayo ngaphambi kokuthi hlola ukuseviswa idrayivu kanzima ephathekayo noma kwi-PC ejwayelekile, ukuvuselela noma ushintshe ngokuphelele esakhelwe firmware? Impendulo ilula: akukho. Konke abezindaba yesimanje kunoma iyiphi isofthiwe update esakhelwe ayidingeki.

Lonke ulwazi, okuyinto kulotshwe indawo yesevisi, kuhambisana firmware - kungcono incazelo disk: izimfanelo SMART itafula ukukhubazeka ezikhonjwe awekho ngaphansi zokulungisa ezimbi-amabhlogo kanye nemikhakha remapped.

izinhlobo imikhakha

Ngaphambi uhlole i wangaphandle hard drive ukulungisa, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kukho konke kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu imikhakha ezimbi: ngokomzimba, okunengqondo kanye ne-software. Operation uhlelo uma uzama ukufunda wemboni ezimbi izikhathi ezimbalwa ezama ngokuphindaphindiwe ukulanda idatha yakho, futhi uma ehluleka, OS uyakuqaphela wemboni ezimbi, aphinde abhale yonke imininingwane edingekayo usuvele wemboni evamile, okuyinto endleleni eyisipele. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi Remapping, noma kabusha ezivamile.

Futhi ukuze afeze noma ihlehlise kabusha, ukuzixazulula kuphela yeflophidiski isilawuli ikhadi hhayi umsebenzisi, noma isofthiwe inkampani yangaphandle ukuthi kungenzeka kuphela "ukusikisela" idrayivu kanzima kwi kabusha isidingo. Ngaphambi hlola-hard disk yakho iyokhandwa, amathuluzi esakhelwe bangenile njalo emelene ukukhubazeka etafuleni, equkethe yonke imikhakha okubi ukuthi kungenzeka zabelwa uhlelo noma Zingu yokutakula uninsurable.

Sekukonke kukhona amatafula amabili zinokukhubazeka - Factory (ohlwini Primary), eveza imiphumela yokuqala uvivinyo emgqeni kakade imakwe ezimbi-amabhlogo futhi langempela (ohlwini Grown), ukuba zaneliswe ekuqongeleleni izinkinga zamanje.

imikhakha engalungile. Indlela uzilungise?

Ngaphambi hlola-hard disk yakho iyokhandwa, odinga ukukwazi mayelana izinhlobo imikhakha ezimbi kanye nokwenzeka yokutakula okwengeziwe uma kwenzeka umonakalo.

Ngokusho Izibuyekezo, limoshekile ngokwenyama ezimbi-amabhlogo ngeke ibuyiselwe yinoma yimuphi ukufomatha. Into kuphela ongayenza - iwukuba kabusha izinhlaka ezimbi nge-spare izindlela eziphindaphindekayo. A ethile enkulu yalesi indlela uzokwehla ijubane idrayivu kanzima, njengoba amakhanda kufanele bahambe amabanga amade futhi ukwenza ukunyakaza ezengeziwe ukucinga ulwazi izindlela eyisipele.

. Imikhakha Physical ezimbi - unephutha drive kanzima, sithwele uhlamvu mechanical: normal ungqimba kazibuthe kobuso yenethiwekhi, chips, imihuzuko, nokunye N. Isikhathi esining impela lezi zinkinga zenzeka ngemuva umthelela idrayivu kanzima uma eyodwa noma ngaphezulu amakhanda zalimala futhi eduze axube idrayivu kazibuthe , wadweba ubuso bayo. Okweqile noma vibration, njengoba kufakazelwa Izibuyekezo ungase ikhonze njengomPristi izimbangela imikhakha ezimbi. Kulokhu, block ezimbi njalo kuncike esikhundleni futhi reassignment wemboni evamile nge isipele izindlela.

Creaking bese uchofoza ka

Uma ngaphambi kokubili ukuhlola drive kanzima ukusebenza, ngokuvamile ukuzwa ngokucindezela noma Uyaqina ngaphakathi ohlelweni, imbangela ezimweni eziningi ungaphakathi inhloko yabangamashumi hard drive positioner. Abezindaba uzama ngokuphindaphindiwe ukufunda ulwazi, ethwele positioner endaweni ethile, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi kukhona creaking okuncane.

Imbangela yale ukuchofoza kungenzeka babelwe kabusha amathrekhi imikhakha abangakalungi eyisipele. Awayona njalo lapho, ngakho ikhanda njalo futhi wavele wathi ushintsho yayo isiqondiso ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi kuya zombili, umphumela waba ukuthi leyo ethize ezwakalayo ukuchofoza.

Omunye kungenzeka isizathu poscholkivaniya futhi ntswininiza - ukuhlukumeza ifektri isakhiwo ngenxa yesenzo mechanical njengoba kuchazwe esigabeni esingenhla. Servo kungenzeka ibhujisiwe, futhi ikhanda abakwazi kahle uthole wemboni wakhe oyifunayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho kwakuzwakala imizamo ephindaphindiwe ukufunda ulwazi kwabezindaba, futhi singene "kukhwelana" zalo.

Ngokwe Izibuyekezo le panacea kuphela creak futhi ukuchofoza atholakale umsebenzisi ezivamile, - a defragmenter disk eyakhelwe yesistimu yokusebenza Tinsita, okungathi uma kungasizi ukuqeda le nkinga, noma okungenani yenze idrayivu kanzima ukusebenza ngisho okwesikhashana.

Indlela hlola-hard disk yakho ngesikhathi wemboni kahle?

Elinengqondo ezimbi-amabhlogo, okuyizinto umphumela amaphutha wemboni logic zingahlukaniswa zibe kuncike ukulungiswa kanye engaphelele. Cabanga, kuleso simo lesifanele okunengqondo ezimbi-block akunakwenzeka.

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, mkhakha disk ngaphezu idatha yomsebenzisi ngamunye ithwala ingxenye ulwazi inkonzo mayelana isakhiwo namakheli ngokomzimba belinganisa ekuqaleni wemboni. Uma lolu lwazi iye ezilimele ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene (umthelela mechanical noma ngokomzimba), khona-ke angabuyiselwa kuphela kule mboni, okuyinto umsebenzisi isilinganiso kuyinkinga kakhulu.

Kodwa uma ngaphambi isheke le hard disk iyokhandwa ungachofozanga, futhi do hhayi overheat ke, okungukuthi isevisi ulwazi kule mikhakha kungabi sengozini, ukuze alulame idatha kanye nokusebenza ukwesekwa kungaba for a checksum ngayinye wemboni (ECC - Iphutha ukulungiswa ikhodi). Lezi idatha iyunithi ngalinye yakhiwa yenethiwekhi, kanye nokusebenzisa kwayo, futhi inhlangano wokuvuselelwa ngokwendalo hard drive.

Uma ukholelwa ukuthi ukubuyekezwa, zonke izinhlobo zesofthiwe hard drive amaphutha afana wemboni ngephutha esinelebuli noma ukulandelela "iphathwa" format ejwayelekile noma afakwa isofthiwe yesistimu yokusebenza.

Efingqa

Uma siqonda isimiso okusebenzela kuyo hard drive, kanye nezindaba wawuveza lowo ezingelapheka, futhi okuyinto bengayi, ungagijima ngokuphepha kudiski test Umbuso HDDScan futhi ubuke imiphumela, ukwenza iziphetho ezifanele. okubuyayo mayelana isofthiwe isisindo Inthanethi, ngakho-ke ungakwazi batusa ukuba kokubili abasebenzisi imfundamakhwela kanye nezifundiswa ngomuzwa.

Uma sewazi isimo samanje SMART, ungenza isibikezelo - ukuhlanganyela ukubuyiselwa idiski noma ukuthenga esisha.