I-Dome greenhouse eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate

I-greenhouse ibuswa (noma, njengoba kubizwa nangokuthi, i-geodesic) - enye yezakhiwo ezikhangayo kakhulu ezakhiwa endaweni yesigodi. Isakhiwo esinjalo senziwa ngendlela ye-hemisphere, futhi ifreyimu ihlanganiswe kusuka ezingxenyeni ezincantathu. Ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezikhangayo zangaphandle, lezi zindawo zokugcina izithombo zinezinzuzo eziningana zokusebenza futhi zizuzisa kakhulu ukutshala izitshalo unyaka wonke.

Izinzuzo zokugcina izithombo zokuhlala

Izinzuzo zendawo yokushisa yama-dome zilandelayo:

• Izitshalo zokugcina izakhiwo zamehlo zihlukaniswa ngamandla aphezulu kanye nokuzinza, okudlulele kakhulu okuvamile, okujwayelekile kuzo zonke izinhlobo. I-designlined streamline ene-wide range ivumela ukuba imelane nemimoya eqinile.
• Inzuzo yezinhlaka ezinjalo ukuphikisana okukhulu kwezwe. Linikeza uhlobo lokwakheka kwesigaba, okuyinto ehambisa ngokulinganayo amandla asebenza kuso futhi ebabuthakathaka kakhulu.
• Inzuzo ebalulekile yokugcina izithombo zokugcina ikhono lokugcina izinga lokushisa elifanelekayo kwezitshalo isikhathi eside ngaphakathi ekamelweni ngaphandle kokushisa okwengeziwe. Lo mphumela ungenxa yesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi sesakhiwo. Emini, umoya uvuselela, uphakamise futhi ugcwalise isikhala sonke. Ebusuku, kuthathelwe umfudlana obandayo oqondisa umoya oshisayo phansi kwezitshalo. Ngentambama, ilanga ephahleni olubonakalayo kanye nasezindongeni liphinde lishise inhlabathi, okuyinto, futhi, idlulisela ukushisa emoyeni. Ngakho-ke, kukhona ukusakazwa kwemimoya, ukuhlinzeka nge-microclimate ehle ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kokushisa.
• Ngaphakathi kwebamba lokushisa elibusayo, akukaze kube khona ukukhanya, ngoba kutholakala ngokukhululekile ngemisebe yelanga evela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.
• Ngenxa yesimo se-dome, kufika ku-30% yesikhala sangaphakathi esilondoloziwe.
• I-hothouse iselula kakhulu, ngoba iqukethe ama-triangles angahlanganiswa kalula futhi ahlakazeke. Into esemqoka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubude bazo zonke izakhi kuyafana.
• Inzuzo yezomnotho: ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezivikelayo yiyona ephansi kunazo zonke zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo.
• I-Dome greenhouse (isithombe esinamathiselwe) sinokubukeka okuhle nokuhlobisa - empeleni, kungumhlobiso wesayithi.
• Enye yezingqinamba eziyinhloko zezakhiwo ze-dome ubukhulu babo obulinganiselwe. Ngaphakathi kwendawo yokushisa enjalo akunakwenzeka ukuhlala imibhede eminingi futhi akuyona into elula kakhulu ukusebenza, ngoba cishe akunakwenzeka ukuma kuyo ngokuphakama okugcwele. Sombulula le nkinga ngokwandisa enye yemingcele yayo eyinhloko - ububanzi.

Ukungalungi

• Kuyo, ngeke kwenzeke ukuthi zikhule izitshalo ezide, ngakho-ke i-demo hothouse ayisebenzi kahle ngokwanele.
• Ukuyinkimbinkimbi kwedivaysi kukhonjiswe ezindongeni ezingajulile nezingqingiziwe zedonga.
• Ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo kakhulu. Ukwenza izibalo nokuqoqa ngezandla zakho akulula kakhulu (kodwa kungenzeka). Iqukethe amafolda ane-polygonal and triangular, okungenakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwenza ekhaya, ngakho-ke kufanele ahlelwe kwenye indawo ohlangothini, futhi lokhu kubangela ukwanda kwezindleko zesakhiwo sonke. Kulesi simo, ungasebenzisa umhlangano wendawo yokugcina izithombo ezenziwe ngomumo. Ifreyimu yabo inamaphrofayili ensimbi futhi ngokushesha futhi ehlangene kalula.

Manje ake siqhubekele ezintweni ezibaluleke kakhulu - ukudala izakhiwo ezinjalo. Okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-dome ingenziwa ngamapayipi epulasitiki, amaphrofayili ensimbi, imigoqo yamapulangwe, njll, okungukuthi, kusukela kunoma yiziphi izinto ezithuthukisiwe.

Ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zokugcina izithombo ngezandla zabo

Naphezu kokuyinkimbinkimbi komklamo, izithombo zokugcina zokugcina izithombo ngezandla zazo ukuze zikhiqize ngempela. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ngokuvamile ukwakhiwa kunenethiwekhi yezintantathu ezixhunyaniswe ndawonye ngezinga elithile futhi ngendlela ethile. I-greenhouse ene-dome enkulu, naphezu kokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu, kufanele ibe nezesekelo ezengeziwe eduze komkhawulo wesakhiwo-izinsika ezisekelayo.

I-Dome greenhouse eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate

Izakhiwo ezinjalo zibhekwa njengezithandwa kakhulu, ngoba le nto ihlale iqinile ngaphezu kwe-polyethylene. I-Glass okumele isetshenziselwe ukufakwa uphawu kokugcina izithombo zalolu hlobo ingenangqondo kakhulu ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphakeme kanye nesisindo esiphakeme. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kuhlomula ekuqineni nasekukhanyeni.

Izinto zokwakha kanye namathuluzi wokwakha ukushisa okushisa

Ukwakhiwa kuyodingeka:

• Imigoqo yokhuni noma imithini yensimbi yobude obufanayo.
• I-Polycarbonate noma ezinye izinto ezivikelayo (i-polyethylene, ingilazi).
• Izakhi zokuxhuma ezidingekayo ekuhlanganiseni ifreyimu (izikrini zokuzibamba, izinsimbi zensimbi, ama-washers, izikuluvu).
• I-Roulette, izinga, iforve.
• Izinto ezicwebezelayo zokumboza ama-dome enyakatho (isibonelo, foil).

I-Dome greenhouse: isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokubala i-dome ukuthola idatha elandelayo yendawo eyinikeziwe:

• Indawo yonke nokuphakama kwesakhiwo;
• Ingxenye yendawo yedome;
• Ubude nenombolo yezimbambo;
• Inani lama-intercostal angles;
• Thayipha nenombolo yezixhumi.

Ukubala i-dome, kufanele uqale uqonde ubukhulu beklamo yesikhathi esizayo. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi indawo yesisekelo somkhiqizo oqediwe uzoba ngaphansi kwendawo yombuthano, ngoba kukhona i-polyhedron ebhalwe phansi kwisisekelo esinikeziwe.

Ukuphakama kwedome kunqunywa ubude obubanzi bayo. Kungaba:

• Ukuze ngisho nokuphakama kokuhlukaniswa kwe-1/2, 1/4, 1/6 yobubanzi;
• Ngokwemvelo - 3/8, 5/8.

I-highhouse i-greenhouse, ukuklama okuningi kuzofana nebhola.

Indawo engaphansi kwesakhiwo ibalwa ngendlela elandelayo: S = 4 π * R2.

Ukuze uthole i-dome elingana nengxenye yendawo, sebenzisa ifomu S = 2 π * R2. Uma kudingekile ukubala indawo yendima yendilinga , sebenzisa ifomu S = 2 π * RH, lapho iH ukuphakama kwesigaba.

Ukubala izakhi ezidingekayo, ungasebenzisa i-calculator ye-intanethi. Kwanele ukufaka idatha ekuphakameni nasendaweni ye-dome, futhi isevisi izobala, unike inombolo nenani lamabhande, inombolo nenhlobo yezixhumi.

Ubude bomngcele bungabalwa futhi buzimele ngendlela ye-coefficients, futhi kungcono ukubala ubuningi bezinto ezisetshenziswayo emva kokunye ku-calculator.

Ukuhluka okuphelele kokushisa okushisa okuphethwe yi-polycarbonate - ukuphakama kufana ne-1/2 yobubanzi. I-hemisphere enjalo iyona elula kakhulu ukuhlangana futhi elula ukuyisebenzisa. Ngokwezibalo ze-calculator geodetic yokuhlanganisa isakhiwo ngokuphakama kwamamitha angu-2 ububanzi obuyi-4 m, uzodinga:

• Izakhi ezingu-35 zamehlo angunxantathu, ubude bezindawo eziku-1.23 m;
• Izakhi ezingu-30 ezine Ubude obunqunyiwe be-1.09 m.

I-calculator inikeza uhlelo lombala, olulula kakhulu ukuhlanganisa idome.

Ukulungiselela izinto

Ngokusho kwedatha etholakele, izinto zokwakha zenziwe. Njengezici zokuxhuma, kungcono ukukhetha izinto ezihanjisiwe ezingavumelani nokubola. Ukuqaphela okukhethekile kufanele kunikezwe ukunemba kokulinganisa kwazo zonke izingxenye.

Ngemuva kokuba imigoqo ilungisiwe, uthathe izinsimbi zensimbi ngobukhulu obuyi-2 mm. Kuzo, ebangeni elifanayo kusuka komunye nomunye, ugoba izimbobo eziyisikhombisa zokuzivikela ngokuzibamba.

Ukuhlanganisa ifreyimu

Lapho uhlanganisa isakhiwo sendawo, izinhlobo ezintathu zokuxhuma amayunithi ziyasetshenziswa:

• Izakhi ezine-carbon, lapho izinhlangothi ezide zihambelana nobude bomkhawulo wefreyimu, kuyilapho amafushane afana nokuphakama kwesisekelo sokushisa okushisa;
• 5-amalahle - lena yingxenye esemqoka yedome ye-geodesic. Qoqa nabo kusuka ezingxenyeni ezingunxantathu;
• Izakhi ezingu-6 zamalahle.

Izinsimbi zensimbi ziboshwe engxenyeni ka 250 ° ukuze ingxenye eyodwa kunezinyolo ezintathu ezisele, kanti enye - 4.

Izinyathelo zomhlangano wesakhiwo:

I- glasshouse ephathekayo eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate ihlangene ngezandla zayo ngendlela elandelayo:

1. Indawo ilungiselelwe ukushisa, ukumaketha kwenziwa. Le ndawo ishicilelwe futhi igcwele ama-geotextile ukuvimbela ukuhluma kokhula. Ukulahla kwegravel kwenziwe.
2. I-base of greenhouse domed, equkethe izakhi quadrangular, ifakiwe. Ngamunye wabo uhlezi emhlabathini nge-metal arcs noma okuyisisekelo.
3. Ngokusho kombala wombala owenziwe umbala wokubala we-geodetic, izakhi ze-pentagonal ezingunxantathu ziphakanyisiwe. Umhlangano wenzeka ngale ndlela: okokuqala, izakhi zomlinganiso ophansi zixhunyiwe embuthanweni, bese zihambisa phezulu.
4. Engxenyeni engenhla yefreyimu ventil eziningana zenziwa.
5. Ukuze i-polycarbonate i-greenhouse shelling, ukulungiswa kokuqala kwento kudingekile - ukusika zibe zingxenyeni zesayizi esifanele.

Ukuhlelwa kwengxenye yangaphakathi ye-greenhouse yedome

Ehlangothini olusenyakatho, isikhala sangaphakathi se-hemisphere senziwe nge-foil impahla. Phakathi nendawo yokushisa kufakwe isitsha esinamanzi, esingasetshenziselwa ukuchelela izitshalo.

Uma ukushisa okushisa kuklanyelwe ukusebenza konyaka, amapayipi wesistimu yokufudumala eceleni kwezindonga zawo ahlelwe. I-fan evamile kagesi isetshenziselwa ukujikeleza emoyeni ekamelweni.

Uma ufisa, imibhede ingahle ihlelwe ngamathrekhi amaningana. Ububanzi obuhle bendima ngu-1-1.5 m.

Esikhundleni se-tank yamanzi maphakathi nezwe, ungabeka umuthi omuhle ongaphandle, futhi itafula nezihlalo kufanele zibekwe eduze nodonga. Ngakho-ke, i-greenhouse yedome izoba indawo ethokomele kakhulu yokuphumula, okuyinto evikela ngokwethembeka esimweni esibi sezulu.