Holy Trinity Cathedral (Saratov): umlando, incazelo, ukubuyekezwa

Kulesi sihloko sizobona ukuthi ukuchaza Holy Trinity Cathedral (Saratov). He kubhekwa omunye ezikhangayo ukhiye be Lower iVolga esifundeni. Thola Kulokhu ezakhiwo baraque Naryshkin sikhathi esinzima. Cathedral imi ebhange eziphakeme iVolga, endaweni eluhlaza zaseSaratov, eduze ukuvakasha amahle ibhuloho edumile emhlabeni wonke. Ukudlala elangeni domes egolide ngokungefani blue kwesibhakabhaka kubenza ibukeke inkanyezi. Uju ethela izinsimbi kude phezu komfula enkulukazi. Leli thempeli evakashela hhayi kuphela, zikhanga izivakashi. Ngenxa yobuningi ezingcwele nezimpawu lapha ukugeleza pilgrim kulo lonke elaseRussia. Isonto laqhubeka khona libambelele amasevisi. Yini odinga ukukwazi ngalesi abahambi ezimele lombhishobhi esemqoka yedolobha? We uzokutshela konke mayelana nethempeli ubudala be Lower iVolga esifundeni kulesi sihloko.

indawo

Bewazi yini ukuthi ikheli Holy Trinity Cathedral (Saratov) kushintshile? Futhi hhayi nje emgwaqweni lapho likhona, kamuva eyethiwa ngokuthi u. Cha! Yena ngokoqobo zithuthwa ziyiswa kwezinye loMfula iVolga ngakolunye. Kwasekusithi ekupheleni kwekhulu lesikhombisa. Kanjani? Umlando lombhishobhi kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa ukuphila edolobheni. Saratov, njengoba yaziwa, lakhiwa njengoba inqaba yi Musketeers eMoscow. Indawo izindawo ukuzivikela lekhetsiwe engalungile. Futhi kakade ngowokuqala uzamcolo is wazizwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, flat ibhange kwesokunxele River iVolga kwaba kufinyeleleke yokuhlasela isitha, okuyinto ekhulwini zeziyaluyalu awazange kubhekwe. Noma kunjalo Saratov nge Holy Trinity isonto wakhe wokhuni wema ngesineke indawo ekahle okubi okunjalo iminyaka ezingaba yikhulu. Lapho idolobha wathatha isikhundla kwesokudla yasebhange ke ithempeli efanayo lakhiwa 1674. ngayingcwelisa yakhe Metropolitan Parthenius, kodwa igunya lokuvikela ngokukhethekile njengeziNdawo isakhiwo asilethelwa, ngoba kakade 1684 esontweni lokhuni lashisa, kanye nengxenye enkulu yedolobha.

Holy Trinity Cathedral (Saratov): Umlando

Ngokusho yetinsita abacibisheli eMoscow alethwe imifanekiso emibili okuyisimangaliso: uMsindisi futhi ngokuthi Our Lady of Kazan. Kubo, amasonto amabili eyakhelwe - yokuqala ibhange kwesokunxele, bese - ngakwesokudla. Ngo 1684 umlilo ashisiwe kokubili amathempeli. Ophakeme u-Ignatius, washiya ngaphandle kukuliphi, waqala ukuthumela izicelo zabo ezazilethwa Metropolitan Terek futhi Astrakhan Savvaty ukuthi wavumela ukumakhela "egameni efanayo." Nokho, umbhishobhi engaqondakali buthule iminyaka emihlanu. Mhlawumbe njalo izicelo zagcina kusekelwa izipho, futhi 1689 kukhishwa imvume yokuba ukwakhiwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Metropolitan futhi babe imininingwane ethile ezakhiwo zethempeli esizayo. Holy Trinity Cathedral (Saratov) yayakhiwe esebenzisa izakhamuzi. Ukuze sadlala izimali wabukela vigilantly, ngakho ukwakhiwa kwenziwa ngokushesha. Kakade 1695 esontweni isilungile. Ngoba umqhele lombhishobhi weza ezivela e-Astrakhan Archimandrite uJosefa. Wenza wesigodlo lokuqala - Gregory Spiridonov.

Cathedral entsha

Kodwa isibusiso sika Archimandrite Joseph akuzange imiphumela elindelekile. Ngo umlilo, okuyinto eyenzeka ngo-May 1712, washisa ngokuphelele Holy Trinity Cathedral. Saratov kwakunjani umlotha. City uzosha. Kusukela imibhalo thina kuphela ukwazi ukuthi ithempeli, babe sendaweni enophahla, a ezimboziwe "Lath lubem yebo", futhi uma bekungenjongo umbhoshongo insimbi "ezigxotsheni." Kodwa noma kunjalo, isonto lombhishobhi kwaba embhedeni. Lower lanikezelwa egameni kweNyuka Our Lady, futhi phezulu - behlonipha zintathu Ongcwele. Kulokhu, Saratov Cathedral baba isakhiwo sokuqala sacral, okuyinto eshubile. Esikhathini Refectory we uqimba aphansi yafakwa kuhhavini Dutch ngokhethe. Ngakho, amasevisi kwenziwe khona ebusika, futhi ehlobo - e esontweni unheated engenhla. Ngemva kokuba umlilo kokubili Phansi babebeka umhlanga side futhi unikelwe nemengamo ngokulinganisa. Kwakunesidingo futhi igalari isananyathiselwe phezulu futhi isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi. Ngaphezu injongo yayo ngqo yayisetshenziswa njengomuzi wokuphumula kwenqaba nomlilo umbhoshongo.

baraque eMoscow

Holy Trinity Cathedral (Saratov) kanye insimbi yayo umbhoshongo ekuqaleni ukwehlukanisa kusuka komunye nomunye. Ithempeli lalisendaweni a ongaphambili omise, umkhumbi uhlobo, nge chancel we Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba. Ngokusho isakhiwo lesi sakhiwo wayengumJuda "octagon ogibele quadrangle." Leli fomu ngokuvamile atholakala izakhiwo Russian yamasonto. ezimfushane Static futhi omkhulu "kwesitsha" olinganiselayo babheka esibhakabhakeni "octagon". lokubhalela kanye plasticity Rich amafomu zihlanganisa Saratov Holy Trinity Cathedral eMoscow isitayela yezobuciko. Umbhoshongo insimbi kwakuhlangene ethempelini kuphela emva 1837 kabusha ngonyaka. Iphinde simele octagon ngokomthetho phezu quadrangle. Ethwele i octagonal isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi etendeni. Lokhu umbhoshongo kubonakala sibonga ukukhanya nenhle kuya phezulu emafasiteleni esime esiphambanweni nge alinganayo imikhawulo oyindilinga. Esikhathini eko we nesishiyagalombili belfry leminyaka, ngaphandle izinsimbi, Chime ngisho kuluthola.

ukuhlelwa kabusha Ephoqelekile yethempeli

Holy Trinity Cathedral (Saratov) yafeza indima ebalulekile ekuphileni kwama-edolobheni. Lapha wavakashela UPeter nomkakhe Catherine I. Ngaphambi kokuya umkhankaso Persian, belalele intshumayelo esontweni lombhishobhi PEP. Futhi ngonyaka ayisikhombisa nane Saratov ke kwakuhlezi amatutu Pugachev. Ngokuphindaphindiwe Cathedral wahlupheka imililo. Kusukela 1774 kuya 1781 isevisi kwenziwe kuphela ethempelini ephansi, kusukela phansi engenhla ziphele nya. Futhi isikhathi kukhathalekile. Ekupheleni kwekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili ezindongeni lombhishobhi emifantwini zitholakele. Umbhishobhi ngaphambilini ukuqaqa lesi sakhiwo eziphuthumayo futhi ukwakha ithempeli elisha endaweni yayo. Kodwa, ngokuvumelana nesiko Russian, leli lungiselelo sizibiwe. Ukukhulekela aqhubeka kwenziwe kuze 1795, iziphathimandla ungazange uphawu sesonto. Wema avaliwe kuze 1800. Kodwa akukho msebenzi kwakungenziwanga zigcinwe. Ekugcineni, isakhamuzi ocebile M. Ustinov, ekuphatheni inkampani hydrochloric ngezindleko zakhe siqu esakhile buttresses ngoba struts izindonga. Ukuze isakhiwo akubukeki ugly, indawo eyisitezi eholweni embozwe lakhiwa ngenhla ke. Engxenyeni esentshonalanga ke kuqede esinamandla esinezitezi ezimbili esangweni, isipikili ngumuntu pediment esingunxantathu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ophahleni begqoke ukufulela yensimbi.

Ngo-October wangonyaka Revolution futhi uhulumeni omusha

Phela rearrangements ethempelini zanquma ukwenza isifundo abavamile lesifunda esontweni, wanikezela Aleksandru Nevskomu. Isimo thempeli wambuyisela Asizayo Bishop Hermogenes (Dolganov). Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, waqala ukulungiswa udumo futhi ukunwetshwa ethempelini. Kodwa umsebenzi wokulungisa ayikwazanga siphele. Ngo-October wangonyaka Revolution wamukelwa ngomdlandla kancane Saratov. Zonke ngaphezulu ngakho ngo-1919, ukucindezelwa of abefundisi baqala. Bona ladutshulwa umbhishobhi isiJalimane, li Gennady Mahrovsky nabapristi. Holy Trinity Cathedral (Saratov), isithombe okuyinto, ngenhlanhla, kusinde, waba iyophangwa. Uma kushisa ongakholelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona yakhe oyomuka, kodwa umphakathi waphikelela ukulondolozwa isakhiwo mlando. Ngo-1934, phakathi kwezingange zalo behlaliswe Izimali Museum. Ekuqaleni kwempi yezwe yesibili, iziphathimandla wathumela e Saratov abefundisi entsha. Izikhungo esontweni zuqaliswe kabusha ngo-1942. Kodwa ngesikhathi umkhandlu impi futhi zabhuntsha. ngonyaka ka-2006 kuphela sasiqhutshelwa emikhulu ukuvuselelwa kwethempeli.

Holy Trinity Cathedral (Saratov): Incazelo ye kweNyuka (ngezansi) yethempeli

Le ndaba isishintshanisiwe ngokuphelele. plinths izakhiwo atholiwe kusukela ungqimba kwamasiko. Futhi ukuxhumana entsha Kwakuseshwa, esikhundleni flooring. Imidwebo maphakathi nekhulu le-Athazeksesi, azange abe ukubaluleka kwezobuciko futhi mlando, liye bahlanza ngokuphelele off the izindonga. Ukwakha yasezindongeni entsha wamenywa abadwebi kusukela Palekh Artel. Painted ethempelini master, esekelwe walondoloza izithombe ezindala, uzama ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze unamathele isitayela kwekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili. Ngendlela efanayo-ke saze saphiliswa iconostasis we Dormition Church. A lot of ukunakwa sakhokhwa ezindongeni restorers isakhiwo. Countermold abangu lilungisiwe, sithathelwe indawo akhiwe wahlukana. Ithempeli laphinde ngayingcwelisa kabusha ngo-December 2006.

Incazelo uqimba engenhla

nomsebenzi wokuvuselela umhlaba ngemva lapha zathatha isikhathi eside. Kwakudingekile ukubeka ukuze lo "octagon", kanye igalari ezimboziwe phezu buttresses, domes kanye isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi. Imisebenzi zaphela kuphela ngo-2014. Ibandla elingenhla ukuthi, njengasekuqaleni, lanikezelwa behlonipha zintathu Ongcwele. Lapha, + njengasosukwini lokungivivinya uqimba ephansi, salandelwa ngokuphelele iconostasis, Umdwebo odongeni kwenziwa. Kuye kabusha wenza yonke imininingwane kancane yezakhiwo wezangaphakathi. Yokwahlukaniselwa ku Holy Trinity Cathedral (Saratov), kufika uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Kirill. Kwakuphakathi ukuvakasha primatial. Ngemuva kwenkonzo, uMphathi Kirill wakhipha isimemezelo. Kuyo, wabuyela isimo ithempeli lombhishobhi Saratov. Kodwa manje obizwa ngokomthetho ngokuthi "Descent of uMoya oNgcwele." Ngaphakathi lombhishobhi amasonto amabili. Ithempeli engenhla yigama wangaphambili - zintathu Ongcwele, kuyilapho phansi libizwa kweNyuka.

choir

Isizathu esiyinhloko esenza abantu abaningi abavela kude beza uvakashele Holy Trinity Cathedral (Saratov) - yokukhulekela Christmas. Ekwayeni Kulelibandla idume ngalé esifundeni. Ngisho nangemva kokuba Okthoba Revolution, isiko-Orthodox, kuculwa isonto awazange ukhohliwe, futhi alondolozwe ngokucophelela futhi athuthukiswe. Naphezu kobunzima emsebenzini, abaculi abaningi zaseSaratov wayekubheka esibophweni sazo sobuKristu ukucula ekwayeni lombhishobhi. Manje ethempelini sineqembu eziningana vocal: amateur (esilisa esifazane) futhi ezimbili okhokhelwayo. Omunye wenza indlwana choral ngezinsuku zeviki, kanti eyesibili - kuphela ngamaholide enkolo. Lalela wokugcina Cathedral ngisho nabathi uNkulunkulu akekho ukuza. Ithimba choir kunabantu amathathu. Bonke abahlabeleli abe imfundo ephakeme zomculo. Ekwayeni ngokuvamile senza izinkambo kweminye imizi eRussia nakwamanye amazwe. Kodwa ngamaholide njalo wabuyela e-Holy Trinity Cathedral (Saratov). Christmas, inkonzo Easter ngesikhathi kweNyuka iNcasakazi eCwebileyo kanye Descent of uMoya oNgcwele bangaphansi ekuhlabeleleni kwabo mellifluous.

ithempeli kunesonto

Hhayi zezivakashi nabathandi bemidlalo umculo kuphela bakhangwa Saratov Cathedral. Ngokusho yetinsita edolobheni yasungulwa yi-Musketeers eMoscow. Masosha banner nge uMsindisi ngendlela. Lokhu Oriflamma wake wahola abacibisheli empini. Kamuva, ngendwangu ukuthi ethe njo ebhodini futhi ukufihla ngaphansi gilt esiliva iholo. Enye esifuze lombhishobhi kuyinto isithonjana ngokuyisimangaliso Our Lady of Kazan. Ayikho ngaphansi ohlonishwayo kuyizinto ezingcwele Serafima Sarovskogo futhi Feodosiya Chernigovskogo. Manengi izithombe ukubaluleka kwezobuciko. Lokhu ubuso eziyisimangaliso Iberia kanye Agasti uNina kaNkulunkulu "Quick Mawuzwe" Ziqu-zintathu, Panteleimon futhi "ababhubhayo".

Uphenyo Ithempeli

Yini abahambi bathi mayelana Holy Trinity Cathedral? Saratov, izibuyekezo lingama omuhle, abadumile ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu isonto, elakhiwa ngo-Moscow isitayela yezobuciko. Ukuze ikholwa, kuba iNdlu KaNkulunkulu. Besonto nezihambi ukuza lapha ukukhuleka amathempelana eziningi. Kodwa abantu kude inkolelo nokuphila kwangemva kokufa, uyophinde abe ezithakazelisayo ukuze ubone isithonjana kaKristu uMsindisi futhi Our Lady of Kazan - abayikho ukubaluleka zomlando namasiko. Emhlabeni lombhishobhi lihlukaniswe engadini enhle nge rose notshani echibini lapho yegolide bhukuda.