FZ 196. uMthetho Federal of December 10, 1995 № 196-FZ "Ngo-Road Traffic Safety"

ukuphepha Road kufanele kulawulwa umthetho. Kunezindlela eziningana ngemithetho ehlongozwayo kanye nemitheshwana, ubeka imithetho eyisisekelo ukunyakaza ephephile emigwaqeni. Kuyinto ukunikeza omunye imithetho ezibaluleke kakhulu - FL 196. Kuyinto lo mthetho sichaza ngohlaka lwezomthetho ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha emgwaqeni nhlobo indawo Russian.

Izikhombisi-main yomthetho

Imisebenzi ye-Federal Law 196 ukuvikela impilo, ukuphila kanye nempahla izakhamuzi, amalungelo abo kanye nenkululeko. Ukuvikelwa Ikhwalithi isimo nezithakazelo umphakathi ngokuvimbela kanye ukuvimbela izingozi kuyinto umgomo igunya sebhili okulindile.

On iziphi izimiso nemibandela isebenze 196-FZ "Ngo-Road Traffic Safety"? Amaphuzu alandelayo kufanele sikusho:

• inhlonipho izithakazelo izakhamuzi, kuhulumeni kanye nomphakathi ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha emgwaqeni;
• impilo kuqala futhi izimpilo zezakhamuzi, iqhaza sezimoto, imiphumela imisebenzi kwezomnotho kanye ibhizinisi;
• Ekusebentiseni tinhlelo-target indlela eya nemisebenzi ukuqaliswa lokuphepha emgwaqeni;
• lesembili umthwalo isimo ukuqaliswa ukunyakaza uphephile umthwalo civil iqhaza sezimoto.

ingabe uMbuso ukuqinisekisa kanjani ukuphepha emigwaqeni? Le ndlela izochazwa kamuva.

ukuphepha Road

Article 5 uMthetho Federal 196 kuthi ukuphepha emgwaqeni kuphela Sibonga kungenzeka ukuba umsebenzi wezinga eliphakeme ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

• ukusungula yemfanelo kanye namandla we-federal welawulo neRussia, yesifunda executive iziphathimandla futhi iziphathimandla self-nohulumeni wasekhaya;
• ngcono nokudidiyela imisebenzi zonke lezi zindikimba, kanye abantu yemvelo kanye zomthetho futhi izinhlangano zomphakathi;
• ukulawulwa ezokuthutha anoma yiluphi uhlobo futhi emkhakheni emgwaqweni;
• ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokwamukelwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho umthetho ophathelene nokuphepha emgwaqweni;
• ukuqinisekisa ukuqaliswa izimoto - ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo futhi ngokwezimali;
• umsebenzi kanye nokuqaliswa ukungenelela kwezempilo emkhakheni yomgwaqo;
• kokuqhuba inqubomgomo izinga ekuphepheni ezokuthutha nokunye. d.

FZ 196, itsho njalo isidingo ukusebenza ezindaweni eziningi ezahlukene kanye namasimu.

Amandla zikahulumeni

Ngaphansi kwegunya Russia, ngokuhambisana neSigaba 6 yomthetho okusalungiswa olucutshungulwayo yilezi ezilandelayo:

• ngibopha ngohlaka lwezomthetho ezokuphepha emgwaqeni;
• ukwakheka kanye ukuziphatha endaweni Russia ejwayelekile yenqubomgomo emkhakheni wezokuphepha emgwaqeni;
• control esiqinile phezu kokuhambisana lesifunda umthetho-sisekelo kanye nemithetho kahulumeni;
• ukudalwa federal esiphezulu emizimbeni ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulandelwa kwale nqubomgomo yokusetshenziswa isimo, njalo njalo. d.

Umthetho usungula ilungelo executive iziphathimandla. Kafushane, iziphathimandla federal bangase benze kanye zesifunda, kodwa ngokuhambisana esiqinile nge sivumelwano esikhethekile. Womabili la maqembu of iziphathimandla zikahulumeni kufanele bakwenze ukuqaliswa namazinga izinga ebekiwe emthethweni samanje.

UMthetho ku ukuklanywa, ukwakhiwa, ukugcinwa kanye ukukhanda we endleleni

196-FZ "Ngo-Road Traffic Safety" uthi isidingo ukuphila ngokuvumelana nezimfuneko amaphepha athile aphathelene nomsebenzi nge endleleni. Zonke izidingo lelipelwe e Izihloko 11-12.

Isigaba 11 uthi ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa komgwaqo kuyisisekelo sesihlalo ukushayela ephephile. Kumele ngokuqinile athobele imithetho lobuchwepheshe, amaphrojekthi ubunjiniyela kanye nezinye iziqondiso eziphathelene nokwakhiwa kwemigwaqo. Isibopho ukuhambisana ujenga emigwaqweni izidingo zomthetho isezandleni obhekele iphrojekthi ngesikhathi izigaba design futhi abadlali imisebenzi ngesikhathi sesigaba ukwakhiwa. Lo mthetho ubeka inadmissibility letincane nemali yokuqhuba ngenxa uhlobo izixazululo zobunjiniyela.

Traffic yokuphepha emigwaqweni ekuqhubeni izimoto

Isigaba 16 zoMthetho Federal № 196-FZ "Ngo-Road Traffic Safety" kugcizelela isidingo ngezikhathi uhlole isimo lobuchwepheshe imishini kanye izimoto abathintekayo sezimoto. isibopho esinjalo ibekwa, ngokulandelana, ngokwabo abanikazi izimoto, kanye nabantu abasesimweni usebenze lezi zimoto.

Omunye Isihloko 16 sikhuluma ngokuqokwa ayimpoqo umshwalense wemfanelo izakhamuzi. nabanikazi bezimoto, ongathandanga ukugcwalisa lesi sibopho, ngeke ukwazi ukubhalisa izimoto zabo. umshwalense okuyimpoqo kungenziwa kuphela ngemva lobuchwepheshe Ukuhlolwa, okuyinto kulawulwa uMthetho Federal № 170-FZ.

Inhlangano lokuphepha emgwaqeni

Isigaba 21 se-Federal Law 196 njengoba uchitshiyelwe ngo-2014 olawula eziningi imisebenzi ehlobene nenhlangano traffic. Lapha kuhlanganisa ukudalwa kanye nokugcinwa izinga zokupaka, etholakala ngaphakathi kwemingcele nemizana, ukuqaliswa amandla emigwaqweni, le nokwenziwa ngcono okuphelele ikhwalithi endleleni, nokuningi. Ukwenza kanye nokuqaliswa zonke izinyathelo kufanele kuwakhathaze isiGungu umzimba isimo igunya federal (Uhulumeni), isimo esiphezulu iziphathimandla ezingeni lesifunda, kanye nohulumeni basekhaya. Kuphethe zonke kulemisebenti lengenhla kumele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana esiqinile imithetho isimo neziqondiso lesifunda.

Isigaba 22 soMthetho sithi le inadmissibility yokushintsha komkhawulokudonsa endleleni ngokunciphisa ezingeni lokuphepha emgwaqeni. Nokho, esihlokweni esifanayo libhekisela ushintsho kungenzeka ukuhamba izimoto uma buyingozi. Guqula kungenziwa kuphela eyenziwa abantu abagunyaziwe ejensi kahulumeni ethintekayo.

On amalungelo nezibopho yabahlanganyeli yomgwaqo

Inhlangano lokuphepha emgwaqeni ngeke zisebenze ngaphandle ngokufeza izakhamuzi ezivamile izibopho ezithile kanye nemithetho ebekiwe Isigaba 24 zoMthetho Federal enixoxa ngalo. Ziyini lezi zimiso? umthetho Federal kubhekisela esenzakalweni esiyisimangaliso esiyisipesheli soMthetho woHulumeni, egameni imithetho yomgwaqo. It is kule isenzo normative benzelwe yonke imithetho odinga ukukwazi, ukhumbule futhi bathobele bonke abantu ngothi lwabo, izakhamuzi Russian.

Futhi ziyini amalungelo abasebenzisi bomgwaqo? Isigaba 24 zoMthetho Federal olucutshungulwayo iqinile ngendlela elandelayo:

• ukunyakaza mahhala futhi akhipha amanzi evulekile emigwaqeni ngokuhambisana nemithetho emisiwe umthetho;
• ukuthola emizimbeni esiphezulu kanye nabasebenzi ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa mayelana nemibandela ukushayela ephephile;
• kokuthola ulwazi izikhulu efanele izimbangela nemibandela ukusungulwa Umkhawulo noma mthetho traffic;
• Imininingwane ephelele futhi okunokwethenjelwa mayelana izinga imikhiqizo kanye namasevisi, ngandlela-thile ezihlobene ne-traffic;
• ilungelo ukuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kwamahhala;
• inelungelo umonakalo ngokuhambisana esiqinile nomthetho waseRussia.

Umthetho uthi futhi umthwalo. Ngakho, ngokuya nge-athikili 31 ukulawulwa kubhekwe, umthwalo ngenxa yokwephula imithetho zibuswa Criminal Code kanye Nekhodi Amacala Administrative yohlobo.

On the Ukugada State

Yiziphi izindlela ukuqinisekisa ezokuphepha emgwaqeni? Ngokuhambisana Article 30, ngokuyinhloko kokuqondisa isimo. Wenza izakhiwo zikahulumeni ezikhethekile emkhakheni wezokuphepha emgwaqeni ukunyakaza. Isihloko kokuqondisa iyona ukugujwa kokuthwasa izakhamuzi zaseRussia eziningi izidingo ezinqunyiwe kumthethonkombiso efanele.

Umthetho uthi mayelana oda ukuhlolwa okuhleliwe nezinhlobo engahlelelwe of substrates zokuhlanganisa amasheke uhlelo olukhethekile yonyaka, nokunye. D.