Ezabantu Ezivelele Russia: uhlu. nabantu abavelele emlandweni Russia

ekhulwini kwethu kufikile muva nje, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, ongudokotela ungumuntu ohamba phambili kunabo Russia kwekhulu lama-21, asikwazi. Nokho, ukuhlolisiswa kokulandisa esidlule kuyosenza sikwazi ukuqonda ukuthi yini kukhulu esingayilindela igazi Slavic. Phela, njengoba wazi, owazi esidlule, uyazi ikusasa.

Izimbongi, abaculi, osopolitiki, abalobi, ososayensi kanye abaculi - konke abanegama yeRussia. Uhlu siqala emfushane, zehlukaniswe ubudala, kunikwe ngezansi imisebenzi.

osopolitiki

Alexander saseNevsky

Naye futhi baqala nabantu abavelele emlandweni eRussia, okuyinto oshiwo kulesi sihloko. Grand Prince of Novgorod kanye nomholi brilliant empi ephethwe ukushaya abaseSweden futhi Teutons, wabeka isisekelo sokuba khona eRussia nesiko lako zomlando namasiko.

U-Ivan IV the Emibi

Prince Unonya eMoscow, okuyinto, ngenxa yabo ngokweqile amandla intando sakhe sokubusa, ukwakha embusweni isiRashiya, aba iNkosi wokuqala Zonke Russia. bloodlust laKhe laziwe emhlabeni wonke. Nokho, akunakwenzeka overestimate ngezinga elingakanani ukuthi Ushintshe futhi iguqulwe Russia, ukudala kuwo linye futhi isimo esinamandla umakhelwane ngamunye.

Peter mina

Wezinguquko futhi Innovator esizama ukwenza Russia isimo European ngempela. Okokuqala Emperor of Russia isibe nokwanda okuphawulekayo ezinjalo ngenxa lonke lelo zwe ngokushisekela aseBaltic. Umsunguli Petersburg Navy wadala.

uCatherine II

Okuphawulekayo wandisa imingcele of the Empire, Russian. Wenza izikhulu nelungelo kakhulu futhi ekilasini ezibalulekile. Patron esayensi ubuciko, "uthisha Russian", okuyinto wakwazi ukubamba izinguquko ebaluleke kakhulu ezibaluleke ngemva uPeter Omkhulu.

UVladimir Lenin Ilyich

Umholi Okthoba Revolution, omunye theorists ezibaluleke kakhulu wobukhomanisi. Umsunguli noMphefumleli isimo kuqala sezenhlalo - i-USSR. Washona ngaphandle kokubona izithelo umzabalazo wabo.

abalobi

Alexander Ostrovsky

Ezabantu Ezivelele Russia phakathi bemidlalo kwekhulu le-19 akunakwenzeka ukuba wake zimiswe ngaphandle igalelo lo mbhali. "Ibsen isiRashiya," umlobi we play "Umlobokazi '," Ukuduma "," abantu baKhe - zibaliwe. " Wemidlalo lokuqala isiRashiya, baqala ukutshala ezijulile ukugudlisela ngokwengqondo isifaniselo izinhlamvu.

Nikolai Gogol

Wemidlalo futhi umbhali. Akwaziwa play "UHulumeni Inspector", "Umshado", kanye temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba - "Wii", "I ijazi" nabanye ukhokho engavamile uhlobo "okukhulu.". Isihloko lokusungula - ndoda omncane nokungalungi emhlabeni maqondana nalo.

Fyodor Dostoevsky

Umbhali we amanoveli "I Idiot", "Ubugebengu Ziyisijeziso", "Abafowethu Karamazov." Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo Deep, kuze kube phakade washintsha isiko echaza impilo engaphakathi uhlamvu. Ukuze mbumbulu belusizi Petersburg kanye namafu belusizi njalo Ngazama ukweqa ithemba umfundi. Ngezenzo lucwaningwa imisebenzi yakhe, ubuhlobo phakathi komuntu noNkulunkulu.

uLeo Tolstoy

Umbhali, owanika izwe "Impi Nokuthula" futhi "Anna Karenina." Umlobi umphefumulo Russian kweqiniso. A iPacific konke ukuphila kwakhe ngenkuthalo impi, okwakubekelwa bukaJehova kubonakala emisebenzini yakhe. Wayekholelwa ukuthi isimo ebaluleke kakhulu injabulo - ubunye indoda nemvelo.

Anton laseChekhov

Anekdotist, ophoqelelwe ukubhala izindaba funny ukusebenza sondle imindeni, ukhokhelwe ngoba ezinye zemali ezincane. Ezabantu Ezivelele Russia akunakwenzeka ngaphandle le yokuqala "Indoda ngaphandle ubende." Ros kwesokudla phambi umfundi, kancane kancane ngcono nokudala umkhiqizo ebaluleke kakhulu wonke izincwadi zezwe - ". Three Sisters" izindaba "Isela" futhi "izitha" play "seagull" futhi

Anton laseChekhov - umbhali wokuqala ababebe nesibindi sokuba bathi zonke izinkinga zesintu elilodwa - nobuwula womuntu elingapheli.

izimbongi

Alexander Pushkin

Okukhulu kunakho imbongi Russian futhi umbhali izinkondlo eziningi netinkondlo, kuhlanganise inoveli "Eugene Onegin" inkondlo. Lapho phesheya uthi "Ubuntu Ezivelele Russia", cishe, abiza Pushkin. Eqinisweni, uMdali classical izinkondlo isiRashiya, wayeyisazi Yokuchuma izinkondlo Russian. Ngo izinkondlo zakhe angabuye amvuse zonke izinhlobo izihloko - kusuka zibhekana nokungabi namthetho komphakathi ukuba imizwa ezicashile lothando.

Mikhail Lermontov

Umbhali inkondlo "Hero Lwesikhathi Sethu" futhi intambo ye okunhlobonhlobo izinkondlo. Walwa eCaucasus, nga which he cishe sekube uhlamvu agcwele ngemisebenzi yakhe. Buza imibuzo okudingeka impi futhi eyedwa womuntu.

Vladimir Mayakovsky

UMdali futurism esikhaleni yamasiko eRussia. Wabhala izinkondlo zabo ngendlela Echelon ifomu ekhethekile. Kuvele Communist oshisekayo, kubhekwa omunye mouthpieces inguquko. Kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe sivikele izimiso inguquko yeqiniso. Omunye ezinkulu izimbongi we Isiliva Age.

Sergey Yesenin

Mayakovsky Contemporary bese uqedela okuphambene layo njengoba kumbhali. Ziyakhohlisa futhi soulful isosha esihlatshelelwayo ukuthi asakwazi ukuhlala phakade ibhoklolo kanjalo nentombazana esencane. Izihloko ephakanyiswe ekunqandeni umuntu imvelo, uthando bemvelo, yebo, kuze kube owesifazane.

Vladimir Vysotsky

Bard, umbhali izingoma eziningi netinkondlo. Imbongi esikhulu kunazo zonke emuva ngeNkathi Yethusi Age. izwi lakhe hoshozela like izwi ifa kuhlulekile eyamnika zonke nabantu abavelele kwekhulu lama-20 Russia. Izihloko ephakanyiswe ekulweni kwakhe zangaphakathi nezangaphandle yomuntu, indawo yakhe ngalokugcwele emmangweni nasetindzaweni ngezwe lilonke. satirist Izacile.

Bulat Okudzhava

Futhi imbongi, wenziwa inkondlo yakhe siqu e ifomu izingoma. A esithinta inhliziyo futhi uthembekile, wabhala izinkondlo, kugcwele ezinye reverie cosmic. Ngokuvamile wasebenzisa kakhulu izingathekiso, ukudala ngosizo lezi zithombe ezijulile. amaculo akhe ayeyinkulungwane ifomu umzekeliso owawukhuluma yake ngisho (genially) parodied Vysotsky.

abenzi mafilimu

Lev Kuleshov

Siyabonga kuye, ubuntu Russian oluvelele Baqala avele ifilimu. Owathola "Kuleshov Effect" - "Uhlaka ezimbili ezimele incazelo, ethe njo ndawonye, dala incazelo entsha." Eqinisweni, umsunguli we ukukhweza indaba.

Sergey Eyzenshteyn

Umbhali ihlelo "Battleship Potemkin", okuyinto namanje libukeka umoya ofanayo. Film umhlaziyi futhi umdali ukufakwa ashukumisayo.

Eyokuqala eRussia ababevuma wasebenzisa umbala ifilimu - ". Battleship Potemkin" umaka obomvu kuzo zonke efanayo

Mikhail Romm

Documentary filmmaker ( "nethi Fascism Ordinary") kanye wokudlala ( "Nine Izinsuku One Year") amafilimu. Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ifilimu theorists maphakathi XX leminyaka. VGIK uthisha kanye nombhali amaphepha esayensi.

Andrei Tarkovsky

Le ndoda iphatha ukudubula e-USSR wabuciko endlini. opholile wakhe anencazelo siqu, egcwele izingathekiso Amacebo ezicashile. Wasusa "Solaris" futhi "Stalker", ngokuvamile enza umsebenzi wakhe ayisona yini inhlobo ngemifanekiso ziyimifanekiso.

abaculi

Andrei Rublev

Modern Russian nabantu abavelele phakathi abaculi kwakungenakwenzeka ngaphandle kwendoda owakha isisekelo yokudweba Russian.

Umbhali we eziningi imifanekiso, Andrei Rublev wanikezela ukuphila kwakhe lokhu art eziyinkimbinkimbi. Manje imisebenzi yakhe ayiwona kuphela amasonto kodwa futhi zemibukiso ezihlukahlukene, amasampula kanye izimiso iconography.

IIya Repin

nombhali imidwebo eminingi futhi Bani ezibulala ngomsebenzi ngokuphelele. Kusukela ngaphansi isandla sakhe izinto ezifana nokuthi "I Okungalindelekile", "Ngomkhumbi" futhi "Ivan Grozny ubulala indodana yakhe." Kahle isimo, "Scene" imidwebo.

Ngamunye ngokudweba - efana isithombe esithathwe ngesikhathi umvuthwandaba umcimbi, okuyinto wazama ukuba liyobamba. imidwebo yakhe kukhona ngokungenamkhawulo uyaphila futhi kungenzeka zembula ukuthi sisho ukuthini ngempela efika kuqala. Kubalulekile Repin - iyona umuzwa abalingiswa kanye nemininingwane.

Kazimir Malevich

The modernist omkhulu, eyaziwa ngokuthi umbhali kakade isibe undabuzekwayo "Black Square". Ngangimatasa ekufuneni amafomu amasha nezindlela zokuchaza umbala in umdwebo. imidwebo zakhe zigcwele Abstraction kanye bobunjwa Jomethri, uzama usungula into entsha art yakhe. Ngizama ukuthola imidwebo "ukuphumula ngokuphelele."

abaqambi

uPyotr Tchaikovsky

Omunye bomculo wokuqala Russian professional, Tchaikovsky wenza umculo izikebhe kweqiniso (ngomqondo omuhle). Wayeyindoda abamane bengakwazi ukubhala umculo.

izihloko ezihlukahlukene kakhulu ephakanyiswe kuzo zonke izinhlobo kungenzeka eyenziwe umqambi Petra Ilicha, ikwazi ukufinyelela izinhliziyo zabo bonke. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke yemisebenzi yakhe - the ballets "The Nutcracker" futhi "Swan Lake".

UNikolai Rimsky-Korsakov

Umbhali kunazo owaziwa wemidlalo ye-opera phakathi bomculo Russian. Izihloko ezisemqoka wasebenza UNikolai Andreyevich - izindaba futhi inganekwane ( "Three isimangaliso", "I Snow Maiden").

Ngikholwa ukuthi injongo eyinhloko umculo - ubunye isilaleli nobunjalo kweqiniso emhlabeni, okungenza kuphela ukuzwakala efanayo, ifomu kwamagama namanothi.

Dmitri Shostakovich

Umqambi nesimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ekuqaleni wasebenza isitayela modernist, futhi ngenkuthalo bazama zonke izinhlobo. Nokho, "Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk" akakuthandanga Stalin mathupha, bese kwalandelwa yokucindezelwa ngesihluku.

Ukuze asindise yena nomkhaya wakhe, Shostakovich akwenze ukhiye luyingxenye "umphakathi". Nokho, umculo layo futhi ukwenza ngempela siwubufakazi bokuthi ngisho isilaleli elula ezwa ukugudlisela etshaliwe umqambi. uhlale ezicashile Abaningi nenshokutsi, yena imali ku-symphony №5 futhi №7 ke wonke umuntu waqonda.

ososayensi

Mikhail Lomonosov

I wesichazamazwi Russian lokuqala, "abantu bazo zonke izinhlobo zesayensi." Russia wahola ucwaningo ezingeni European. I bathole okuningi cishe kuwo wonke isayensi yesimanje ngaye.

Njengoba i academician futhi omunye ubuntu ezimatasa kwesikhathi wakhe, ngesithonjana Ukukhanyiselwa Russian.

Dmitri Mendeleev

It kakade isibe edume Usokhemisi waseRussia, owakwazi ukudala uhlelo ngezikhathi izakhi zamakhemikhali, kanjalo kwaphoqa kakhulu phambili emhlabeni yesayensi. Ukuba khona itafula onjalo ubonisa ngokucacile ukuthi akhona nokuzwana bemvelo kanye nohlelo lwayo ecacile.

Enye yezinto enkulu e emlandweni wesintu, okuyilokho, eqinisweni, igcina yonke isayensi yemvelo yesimanje, ongowakhe. Ngasebenza neminye imikhakha yesayensi, lapho futhi etholakale ahlukahlukene.

Ivan Pavlov

Eyokuqala, owazuza indondo ezivela eRussia. Pavlov etholakale ezibalulekile eziphilayo kanye izitho zomzimba - ayezithola khona ingqondo emzimbeni eziphilayo. Futhi lokhu usosayensi Russian wabahlukanisa ngezigaba njengamadodana okunemibandela futhi ngaphandle kwemibandela.

Ukutholakala kwaleli qiniso Pavlov wanikela ukuphila kwakhe lonke ngisho esefa, waqhubeka ukutshela abafundi imizwa yabo - isayensi iye muntu ayekwaze ukuthola ukwazi isimo sokufa.

abasubathi

Ivan Poddubny

I edume wrestling isiRashiya, "iqhawe kwekhulu XX". Eminyakeni eyishumi, ngase awalulahlanga esisodwa. Izikhathi eziyisihlanu abasekela ekubambaneni.

Garry Kasparov

Chess umdlali ne eziningi imiklomelo, i- "Chess Oscar" futhi isihloko iqhawe emhlabeni. Waba abadumile inhlanganisela yimpumelelo kakhulu amasu ahlukahlukene kanye namasu, kanye nekhono ukuphuma esibonakala bungled ngokuphelele party winner.

"Debuts Kasparov" - ngakho manje okuthiwa ihamba ezingalindelekile futhi unconventional ekuqaleni game.

Lev Yashin

AbaseSoviet goalie, ezazidume ngokutshala "neprobivaemostyu" yayo ngokuphelele. Kuthathwa unozinti engcono kwekhulu XX. Ngokuphindaphindiwe waqaphela njengoba unozinti best of the USSR. Owawina the "Golden Ball".

isiphetho

Njengoba singabona, ungumuntu ohamba phambili kunabo emlandweni Russia babé ebaluleke kakhulu abantu bonke. LaseChekhov elingangena ngokuphepha ngokuthi wemidlalo engcono emhlabeni, futhi uMendeleyev - usokhemisi enkulu. Zonke lezi abantu akubalulekile nje iRussia kuphela kodwa endaweni ngayinye lapho zingabantu elidume.

Kwethenjwa ukuthi izibalo ezivelele Russia kwekhulu lama-21 kuyoba, njengamabhere ababengaphambi zabo, kusho okuthile emhlabeni, hhayi kuphela ezweni lenkaba yawo.