Exchange Foreign ukuthengiselana amabhange: izinhlobo kanye nezici

Exchange Foreign ukuthengiselana - ukuthengiselana ukuthi zihleliwe izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe noma umthetho kazwelonke ukusebenzisa lwemali amanani.

Izinhlobo lwemali ukuthengiselana

1. Exchange Foreign ukuthengiselana phambili (ikusasa, phambili) - ukuthengiselana, ngesikhathi lapho abantu bevumelana ku ukulethwa ethile lwemali ngokusebenzisa isikhathi bavumelana emva sokusongwa ngu izinga lokushintshisana, okuyinto eqondiswa ngesikhathi esiphethweni. Ngo lwemali ikusasa ukuthengiselana, zikhona izici ezimbili.

exchange rate iqinile kule kuthengiselana, nakuba wenziwa ngemva kwenkathi ethile yesikhathi.

Phakathi isiphetho kanye ukuthengiselana kokwenza kukhona isikhathi sokuphumula. Umnqamulajuqu, okusho ukulethwa lwemali, ichazwa ngokuthi ukuphela kwesikhathi kusukela ngosuku kuthengiselana noma enye inkathi ngaphakathi eside.

On the exchange angaphandle izinkontileka phambili kuyenziwa:

- ukuthola ngenxa exchange angaphandle uzuza inzuzo zokucabangela;

- for umshwalense phesheya ukutshalwa kwezimali ngqo noma iphothifoliyo ngokumelene ukulahlekelwa kungenzeka ngenxa ukwehla kwemali ngaphakathi which they zisetshenziswe;

- exchange (ukuguqulwa) izinjongo zezomnotho, okungukuthi, ukudayiswa kusengaphambili kwamanye amazwe noma ukuthengwa izimali zakwamanye amazwe izinkokhelo zesikhathi esizayo.

Isicelo ukumboza ingozi exchange angaphandle zokukhokhelwa phambili ngesikhathi imisebenzi yebhizinisi busakazeke 70s phakathi kwathatha bashintshisane amazinga elintantayo.

2. Exchange Foreign ukuthengiselana amabhange "Spot" ezivamile. Akha 90% umthamo isamba exchange angaphandle ukuthengiselana. Ingqikithi yawo ukuthenga nokuthengisa currency e isimo ukunikezela amabhange ngosuku lwebhizinisi wesibili kulandela idethi kuthengiselana ngesilinganiso umiselwe at isiphelo sako. Kulokhu, izinsuku ukusebenza ezibhekwa ngamunye zezimali abathintekayo kule kuthengiselana. Okusho ukuthi, uma ngosuku olulandelayo usuku kuthengiselana ukuze non-ukusebenza omunye zezimali, kwenkathi ukulethwa lwemali mkhulu esingaphezu kosuku olulodwa, futhi uma omunye lwemali akulona usuku ibhizinisi, ukulethwa nakho kunyuke ngo ngosuku olulodwa.

Ngo ukuthengiselana okunjalo supply lwemali senziwa kulawo ma-akhawunti, okuyinto kumele bucaciswe umzuzi amabhange. Ukuguqulelwa kwemali ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambili wabizela yilo nobunzima umgomo kokusebenza yayo elifushane isikhathi, futhi kudingeka ekuhlaziyweni exchange angaphandle imisebenzi ebhange zentengiso.

Kakhulu isici ephathekayo in the izikhundla exchange angaphandle kukhona imisebenzi wamabhange emakethe exchange angaphandle kanye kwezidingo express, kodwa eziqukethe engatsho lutho. Ngosizo a "amabala" ukuthengiselana olunikezwa amabhange nezidingo zamakhasimende 'lwemali angaphandle, eyenziwa zokucabangela futhi Arbitrage, inhlokodolobha ukugeleza komunye lwemali kwenye.

3. Ukuthengiselana "ushintshashintsha" kukhona uhlobo deal ehlanganisa imali exchange angaphandle ukuthengiselana kwamabhange. Akwaziwa efana isenzo yasebhange kusukela enkathini ephakathi, lapho izisebenzi zasebhange Italian olwenziwa imisebenzi nge izikweletu. Kamuva, baqala ukuthuthukisa ngesimo deportnyh futhi reportnyh imisebenzi. Backwardation - inhlanganisela ukuthengiselana ezihlobene inter-embikweni reverse oda, okuyinto eyenziwa ukuthengiswa ukheshi izimali zakwamanye amazwe kanye ukuthenga ngaleso sikhathi.

Kamuva, exchange angaphandle ukuthengiselana amabhange 'eguqulayo' ezifakwa atholwe uhlobo lokushintshisana yemali okulingana ezihlukene zemali. Ububi lo msebenzi kwaba ukwandisa yasebhange balance sheet, ngaleyo ndlela kudale izingozi ezengeziwe futhi izinto ziya ziba zimbi. Exchange Foreign imisebenzi amabhange, "ushintshashintsha" ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga, ukucabangela senziwe off-balance sheet, okusho ukuthi uhlobo lwemali wenziwa ifomu ukuthenga.

"Ushintshashintsha" ehlanganisa ukuthengwa nokudayiswa lwemali ilethwe ngokushesha esuka kontrsdelkoy zezimali efanayo isikhathi esithile. On the izinkokhelo esiphikisayo baxoxisana abalingani ezimbili (corporations, amabhange, kanye nabanye).