Ethempelini Kazan Isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu e Kolomenskoye. Orthodox e Moscow

Njengoba enyukela esihlalweni sobukhosi isiRashiya, umbusi wokuqala we eNdlini Romanovs - inkosi Mikhail Fedorovich - wafuna abhebhezela imemori wenkululeko wezwe kusukela kokungenela Polish, futhi behlonipha lo mcimbi, ngaphambilini, lapho ingacamelisa Bandla Kazan Isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu. Nokho, isinyathelo sakhe esihle wayemiselwe ukuba kwenzeke kuphela ngesikhathi sokubusa okwalandela ngaphansi indodana yakhe - U-Alexis. Isizathu salokhu kwaba ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana wakhe wokuqala - Prince Dimitry.

Ethempelini Kazan Isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu e Kolomenskoye

izincwadi zomlando zibonisa ukuthi ngowezi-1649, umbusi wakhipha isimemezelo ku ukusungulwa Alexei Mikhailovich churchwide nokudunyiswa umfanekiso uNina kaNkulunkulu eyembulwe Kazan. okuwumphumela kwaba ukwakhiwa isonto isitini e Yaroslavl esigodlweni, ngaphezu kwalokho, lakhiwa ngayingcwelisa ethempelini icon Kazan uNina kaNkulunkulu e Kolomenskoye - emzaneni suburban, lapho kwakukhona khona esigodlweni lokhuni yasebukhosini. ukwakhiwa kwalo kwaqedwa phakathi neminyaka emine.

Temple - imemori zokunqoba esidlule

Lokhu emihlanu oluyingungu isitini isonto elihlotshiswe hipped isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi, ukuze ezisekhona cishe zinjalo. Kunobufakazi bokuthi ngaphansi kwesiphambano ikhanda APC kwaba oqoshiwe othi Church of the Kazan Isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu yayakhiwe sayithi lapha ebandleni, kuqala wokhuni udumo kwekhulu, ukuthunjwa Kazan. Lena uhambisane kwezikhathi - inhloko-dolobha iVolga AmaTatar baye won 1552, ngokulandelana, eyikhulu lo mcimbi kwaqondana nenkathi lomsebenzi.

Njengoba ibandla wokhuni eyayimi le sayithi ngaphambi Cishe, ke ukuthi iza elakhiwa namathathu banesifo esibi kwekhulu XVII kuyakhulunywa eziningi Kazan imibhalo isonto. amasiko esonto ngalolu daba uthi ngesikhathi sakhe lapha ahlelwe Ikamu labo Amanga Dmitry II. Kuyinto inkumbulo ukuxoshwa nomkhohlisi kusukela Kolomna utshelwa inkosi sokuzakhela uhlobo lesikhumbuzo ukuze izenzakalo kahle leyo minyaka.

Temple - ingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi esigodlweni

Ibandla elisha edolobhaneni Kolomna wakhonza njengephayona indlwana esigodlweni, inkosi futhi ixhunywe ngumuntu yezinyawo ezimboziwe ezindlini sendlovukazi. Lokhu kwakwenziwa ikhumbula zonke izidingo wenduduzo lula. isithunywa Polish, owayevakashela Kolomenskoye e 1671, encwadini yakhe yezenzakalo zosuku, uchaza uchungechunge ukuhwebelana, ayegcwele ngemfudumalo nenduduzo wazizwa izinyathelo uthulisiwe uhamba. Ubude yabo wawuyizinkulungwane amamitha amahlanu, ububanzi - ezintathu.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izici ezinikeza ethempelini, kwakuvamile kakhulu izakhiwo yalolu hlobo kuleli XVII phakathi. Ngokusho abagxeki abaningi, isithunzi ethempelini alikho okwakhe izisombululo yalo yayenziwe, futhi ekuletheni ekupheleleni amafomu ngaphambilini athuthukile.

Ngenkathi kuqalwa ukwakha sekuphelile, ethempelini imifanekiso Kazan Umama Kolomenskoye ikhishiwe ukusuka okunethezeka elihambisana isimo salo. Njengoba esinye sezici eyinkimbinkimbi esigodlweni, kwathiwa ehlotshiswe yokudweba ocebile, izindwangu ezibizayo futhi amatshe. Ubulili Ingcenye ephakathi yesigaba ethempelini ilinganiselwe ziye zangithinta wawungathi, futhi imifanekiso ekhishwe swaddlingband kanye amathawula. Abaningi babo zazigcinwa Kyoto ezibaziweyo, wenza okungcono Russian okuyinhloko.

shrine noMarian ngo-dolobha

Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokumiswa endlini yenkosi isonto e Kolomna lakhiwa, futhi ithempeli Kazan isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu e Moscow ku Red Square. Ukubonakala kwaso futhi ngenxa ukuqala churchwide nokudunyiswa isithombe engcwele, waqaphela eyisimangaliso. Kuyaziwa ukuthi isakhiwo sokuqala lokhuni elimiswe 1624. Ukwakhiwa kwenziwa ngezithukuthuku Dmitriya Pozharskogo kule bayafunga. Ngokungafani ulwazi eziningi ngokuphila a Patriot and welungelo Russia, lolu lwazi ethathelwe imithombo documentary.

Kusolwa ukuthi, kokuba khona kwangathi iminyaka eyishumi, isonto lashisa, futhi endaweni yawo ukwakhiwa omusha waqala - isitini. Lesi sakhiwo Kwakhiwa ngezithukuthuku futhi ngomyalo wabaholi inkosi zenzisa Alexey Mikhailovich futhi laqedwa ngo-1834. Ekugcineni ethempelini kokuba umhlobiso ezakhiwo isikwele yayiyindawo echumayo wenkolo ophambili.

Izenzakalo emakhulwini amabili eminyaka adlule e-ukuphila isonto

Ngo zangaphambi wamavukelambuso ukuphila isikhathi ithempeli agelezé ngokuthula futhi kancane kancane. Ngokuphindaphindiwe kabusha futhi olusha ngezithukuthuku abanikeli ocebile. Ngakuhawukela kuye futhi umlilo 1812. Isenzakalo esivelele emlandweni ethempelini waqala ukushumayela mayelana nokubulawa asebukhosini, awasho ngesikhathi ke ngo-1918, uTikhon.

Kodwa ngo-1936 isinqumo kahulumeni ladilizwa njengokungafanele Red Square - isikhungo abantu izindwendwe nemikhosi. A esihlalweni ubuholi kamasipala kuhlelwe ukuthi usethe ihholo inhlangano yokwamukela Pioneers, kodwa angavalelwa ngokwabo ukwakha indlu yangasese yomphakathi. Kuphela nineties zakuqala, leli sonto lakhiwe kabusha ngokuvumelana imidwebo imidwebo zeminyaka ezidlule. Kanye ethempelini isithonjana Kazan uNina kaNkulunkulu e Kolomenskoye, kubukeka sengathi ukukhululwa bezwe Russian kubahlaseli Polish.

Cathedral loMfula eVolga

Ukuqhubeka ingxoxo mayelana ukuhlonipha lesi sithombe engcwele, omunye singakhohlwa ethempelini Our Lady of Kazan e Kazan. Ngo-1926 lachithwa ngokuphelele, futhi iminyaka eminingi endaweni yayo isetshenziselwe izidingo yasendlini, kodwa isinqumo sakhe Ekudalweni kabusha senziwa ngenyanga kaNovemba ngonyaka owedlule ngesimo lapho yayikhona ngaphambi.

Umlando sokudalwa salo ngempela ezithakazelisayo. Lihlobene nokubhekana ubuso yokufuna e 1579 yesithombe engcwele Virgin. Ngemva kwalokho, ngesinqumo somthetho Ivana Groznogo uNina kaNkulunkulu kule ndawo lezindela Yakhiwa, lapho wabeka isonto log - eyandulela lombhishobhi elikhulu itshe. Kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ukuthi ngaphakathi kulo muzi Muslim kwazise abantu abaningi babengabathandi Orthodox endulo selilos. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kungenxa yokuthi babehilelekile msebenzi, iVolga khona umzila ezokuthutha obalulekile kanye okuyinto melds esibalulekile kwezimpahla. Yiqiniso, babedinga isonto.

It elimiswe 1595. Isizathu sokuba esikhundleni izakhiwo sokhuni itshe kwakungamadodana imililo njalo ezenzeka edolobheni futhi ibangela umonakalo abalulekile. It usebhekene kabusha enkulu phakathi nokubusa Umbusikazi uCatherine II, lapho umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo zalo badedelwa izimali abalulekile, futhi ngesikhathi sokubusa okwalandela, ngaphansi uPawulu mina, ladilizwa ngokuphelele futhi kabusha ngesisekelo i design ngcono futhi zanamuhla.

Esikhathini post-wamavukelambuso isikhathi sesonto wabelane isiphetho iningi izakhiwo zethempeli: ekuqaleni ke zadliwa uhulumeni futhi isetshenziselwe izidingo zasendlini, bese yamila. Futhi manje uqale umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo zalo. Ngokushesha izakhamuzi Orthodox Kazan uzothola khona ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni. Ngenhlanhla, izimali zomphakathi futhi ezizimele walondoloza esibalulekile kwemibhalo wezithombe ukwakhiwa imidwebo, lapho lo msebenzi onzima kangaka ngeke abulawe.